Crataegus flava

Aiton

Hort. Kew. 2: 169. 1789.

Common names: Yellow hawthorn
Conservation concernEndemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 588. Mentioned on page 586, 587, 611.

Shrubs or trees, 50–60 dm. Stems: twigs straight or slightly flexuous, new growth color not recorded, glabrous, 1-year old purple-brown, older dark gray; thorns on twigs straight to slightly recurved, 2-years old purple-brown, slender, 2–3 cm. Leaves: petiole 1 mm wide, length 30–45% blade, winged distally, slightly pubescent, glandular; blade rhombic-obovate, 5–8 cm (in type material), base cuneate, lobes 1–3 per side, sinuous, sinuses shallow, lobe apex obtuse to acute, margins crenate to crenate-serrate, teeth gland-tipped, veins 3 or 4 per side, apex subacute to obtuse, adaxial surface pubescent young, glabrescent. Inflorescences 4–6-flowered; branches glabrous or sparsely villous; bracteole margins glandular. Flowers 16–18 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous; sepals 4–5 mm, margins glandular; stamens 13–16, anthers purple; styles 3–5. Pomes dull orange, ± pyriform-oblong, 8–12 mm diam., glabrous; sepals on collar, ± reflexed; pyrenes 3–5.


Phenology: Flowering early Apr; fruiting Sep–Oct.
Habitat: Deep, sandy soil
Elevation: 10–100 m

Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Crataegus flava ranges from southeastern Georgia to South Carolina and northern Florida. Wild specimens of the typical form have not been seen since the early 1900s; vegetative specimens resembling this species were collected from the Florida panhandle in the early part of the present century.

Crataegus flava has been widely confused with members of both ser. Apricae and ser. Lacrimatae (J. B. Phipps et al. 2007). Its stamen number has been wrongly credited as 10 or 20; stamen number in the type has recently been verified as 13–16 by S. Landrein (Kew). Recent collections with 13–16 stamens are unknown. The correct stamen counts are unusual for Crataegus, which are mainly narrowly dispersed around modes of 10 or 20, so this perhaps suggests, together with its somewhat flexuous twigs, and rarity, hybrid origin. Crataegus flava is similar to C. rubella, particularly in fruit shape and color as well as general glandularity, so its placement with members of sect. Intricatae seems appropriate. Lack of recent collections similar to the type suggests that modern attributions to C. flava may represent hybrids involving members of ser. Apricae.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thin" is not a number."winged" is not a number."adnate" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Crataegus flava"
glabrescent +  and pubescent +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
pink +  and pale-purple +
subacute;obtuse +
James B. Phipps +
orangebrown +
thin-exfoliating +  and corrugated +
compound +  and simple +
opposite +  and alternate +
cuneate +
Intricatae +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
rhombic-obovate +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
coriaceous +
villous +  and glabrous +
adnate +  and distinct +
crowded +, scattered +  and alternate +
Yellow hawthorn +
Fla. +, Ga. +  and S.C. +
not +  and aggregated +
10–100 m +
less hard +  and mealy +
1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
not +  and aggregated +
not +  and aggregated +
yellow +  and red or purplish +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
dark gray +, purple-brown +  and glabrous +
older +, old +  and new +
pubescent +  and tomentose +
Deep, sandy soil +
constricted +
crassinucellate +
deciduous +
sinuous +
craspedodromous +
stipitate-glandular +
crenate to crenate-serrate +
inferior +  and superior +
biseriate +  and clustered +
collateral +  and basal +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
elliptic +  and circular +
0 (?) +  and 4 (?) +
pale paper brown +
free +  and distinct +
post-mature +
stipitate +  and sessile +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
Flowering early Apr +  and fruiting Sep–Oct. +
adnate +, free +, connate +  and distinct +
dark gray-brown +  and russet +
exfoliating +  and corrugated +
pruinose +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
pyriform-oblong +
not arillate +
persistent +
free +  and distinct +
triangular +
nonaccrescent +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
1-50-flowered +  and few-leaved +
Conservation concern +  and Endemic +
free +  and distinct +
branched +  and simple +
persistent +
distinct +
exsert +  and lateral +
elongate +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
Crataegus sect. Flavae +  and Crataegus ser. +
Crataegus flava +
Crataegus (sect. Coccineae) ser. Intricatae +
species +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
purple-brown +
straight +
slender +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
gland-tipped +
inconspicuous +
buff to gray-brown +  and corrugated +
less erect +  and oblique +
1 +  and several +
straight +  and flexuous +
determinate +
4 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
tree +  and shrub +