Dichanthelium ×anthophysum

(A. Gray) Freckmann
Common names: Pale panicgrass Panic jaunâtre
Synonyms: Panicum ×anthophysum Panicum leibergii var. baldwinii
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 416.

Plants loosely cespitose, with knotty rhizomes to 2 mm thick. Basal rosettes often poorly differentiated; blades few, grading into the cauline blades. Culms 20-55 cm, most forming in the spring additional culms sometimes produced in the fall; nodes glabrous or sparsely ascending-pubescent; internodes all elongated, glabrous or puberulent; fall phase with a few suberect branches from the lower and midculm nodes, branches not rebranching, blades slightly reduced, secondary panicles partially exserted. Cauline leaves 3-4; lower sheaths not overlapping, sometimes pubescent; upper sheaths overlapping, sparsely to densely pubescent, hairs papillose-based, margins ciliate; ligules 0.3-0.5 mm, membranous, ciliate, cilia longer than the membranous bases; blades 7-17 cm long, 7-23 mm wide, erect, pale yellow-green to bluish-green, glabrous, with 7-11 prominent major veins and 30-110 minor veins, bases tapered or rounded to truncate, margins with papillose-based cilia. Panicles 7-14 cm long, 1-5 cm wide, their length usually more than twice their width, narrowly cylindric, eventually well-exserted, with 9-46 spikelets; branches strongly ascending, stiff. Spikelets 3.2-4.1 mm long, 1.8-2.2 mm wide, obovoid, turgid, puberulent to subglabrous, with rounded apices. Lower glumes 1.7-2.2 mm, narrowly triangular; lower florets staminate; upper florets longer than the upper glumes, mucronate. 2n = 36.

Discussion

Dichanthelium ×anthophysum usually grows on sandy or rocky soils in semi-open pine, oak, or aspen woodlands. It extends from eastern Saskatchewan and northeast Montana to Quebec, New England, and West Virginia. Plants from Minnesota and western Quebec approach D. leibergii in having cauline blades narrower than 10 mm, and papillose-based hairs. Sterile putative hybrids with D. leibergii and D. boreale are rare; those with D. boreale have been called Panicum calliphyllum Ashe.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"usually distinctly longer and narrower" is not a number."decumbent" is not a number.

rounded +
anatomy +  and kranz +
Mary E. Barkworth +
(A. Gray) Freckmann +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
divergent +  and parallel +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
rounded +  and tapered +
swelling +
membranous +
disarticulating +  and pseudopetiolate +
non-radiate +  and radiate +
pale yellow-green +  and bluish-green +
distinct +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (17 cm170 mm <br />0.17 m <br />) +
shortly ovate +  and lanceolate +
reduced +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br />) +
not rebranching +
ascending;suberect +
spikelike +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
not developed +
terete +  and compressed +
papillose-based +
Pale panicgrass +  and Panic jaunâtre +
rebranching +
not dense +
decumbent +  and sprawling +
ascending +  and erect +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (55 cm550 mm <br />0.55 m <br />) +
Minn. +, Conn. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Wash. +, Ala. +, Mich. +, N.C. +, Pa. +, Puerto Rico +, S.C. +, W.Va. +, Ark. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Mo. +, N.Dak. +, Nebr. +, Okla. +, S.Dak. +, Del. +, D.C +, Wis. +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. (Labr.) +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Md. +, Mass. +, Maine +, N.H. +, R.I. +, Vt. +, Fla. +, Wyo. +, Miss. +, Ariz. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, La. +, Ga. +, Tenn. +, Calif. +, Nev. +, Colo. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Va. +, Idaho +, Ohio +, Utah +, Mont. +, Oreg. +  and Ky. +
capillary +
germination +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
compressed +  and terete +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
unequal +
membranous +
papillose-based +
uncinate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Oval (?) +  and Round (?) +
bracteate +  and ebracteate +
solid +  and hollow +
puberulent +  and glabrous +
cauline +  and basal +
coriaceous +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
1/5 +  and 3/4 +
0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br /> (0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br />) +
complex +  and simple +
concealed +  and prominent +
ascending-pubescent +  and glabrous +
2 +  and 1 +
2+ times their width +, 7cm +  and 14cm +
subterranean +
well-exserted +
cylindric +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
membranous +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
not viscid +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
in triplets +  and paired +
0.32 cm3.2 mm <br />0.0032 m <br /> (0.41 cm4.1 mm <br />0.0041 m <br />) +
puberulent +  and subglabrous +
9 +  and 46 +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
turgid +  and obovoid +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.52 cm5.2 mm <br />0.0052 m <br />) +
1.8mm +  and 2.2mm +
1 +  and 3 +
fused +  and free +
2 +  and 3 +
dome--shaped +  and triangular +
Panicum ×anthophysum +  and Panicum leibergii var. baldwinii +
Dichanthelium ×anthophysum +
Dichanthelium sect. Macrocarpa +
species +
membranous +
chartaceous-indurate +
7 (?) +  and 11 (?) +
plant +  and cespitose +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +