familyPoaceae
subfamilyPoaceae subfam. Panicoideae
tribePoaceae tribe Paniceae
genusDichanthelium
sectionDichanthelium sect. Lanuginosa
speciesDichanthelium acuminatum
subspeciesDichanthelium acuminatum subsp. thermale

Dichanthelium acuminatum subsp. thermale

(Bol.) Freckmann & Lelong
Mary E. Barkworth
Common names: Geyser panicgrass
Synonyms: Panicum thermale
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 426.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Hana Pazdírková, Linda A. Vorobik

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants often densely cespitose, densely and softly pubescent throughout, with soft, thin, spreading, papillose-based hairs on the culms and lower sheaths. Culms usually over 30 cm. Midculm sheaths about 1/2 as long as the internodes; blades at midculm generally 6.5-12 cm long, usually more than 7 times as long as wide, suberect, softly pubescent on the abaxial surface, without papillose-based cilia on the distal 1/2. Primary panicles usually poorly exserted, peduncles shorter than 6 cm. Spikelets mostly 1.8-2 mm.

Discussion

Dichanthelium acuminatum subsp. thermale grows on the mineralized crust of warm, moist soil at the Geysers, Sonoma County, California; it is listed as endangered in that state.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"usually distinctly longer and narrower" is not a number."decumbent" is not a number."thin" is not a number.

... more about "Dichanthelium acuminatum subsp. thermale"
RDF feed
2n chromosome quantity
18 +
Abaxial ligule presence
absent +
Abaxial ligule quantity
common +
Adaxial cell presence
absent +
Adaxial cell shape
bulliform +
Adaxial ligule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Adaxial ligule presence
absent +
Adaxial ligule texture
membranous +
All architecture
branching +
All orientation
decumbent +, spreading +  and erect +
Anther quantity
3 +
Apex shape
rounded +  and attenuate +
Arm cell presence
absent +
Arm cell quantity
anatomy +  and kranz +
Auricle presence
absent +
Author
Mary E. Barkworth +
Authority
(Bol.) Freckmann & Lelong +
Awn atypical quantity
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Awn orientation
arising +
Awn quantity
single +
Back shape
keeled +  and rounded +
Basal rosette season
winter +
Basal rosette variability
well-differentiated +
Base architecture
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
Base architecture or shape
cormlike +
Base arrangement
divergent +  and parallel +
Base position
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
Base shape
subcordate +  and rounded +
Base size
swelling +
Base texture
hard +
Base width
thick +
Blade architecture
disarticulating +  and pseudopetiolate +
Blade architecture or arrangement
lax +
Blade coloration
grayish-green +  and olivaceous +
Blade fusion
distinct +
Blade l w ratio
7+ +
Blade length
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
Blade orientation
Suberect (?) +
Blade position
adaxial +
Blade pubescence
pubescent +
Blade shape
ovate +  and lanceolate +
Blade texture
firm +
Blade width
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Branch architecture
rebranching +
Branch presence
absent +
Branch reproduction
sterile +
Branch shape
spikelike +
Branch some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Bristle presence
absent +
Bristle reproduction
sterile +
Callus development
not developed +
Caryopsis architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Caryopsis architecture or shape
cleft +
Caryopsis presence
absent +
Caryopsis shape
terete +  and compressed +
Cauline leaf length or size
longer +
Cauline leaf quantity
4 (7) +
Cilium architecture
papillose-based +
Cilium length or size
sometimes longer +
Common name
Geyser panicgrass +
Cross-section quantity
3 (?) +
Culm architecture
wiry +
Culm architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Culm duration
annual +
Culm fragility
weak +
Culm fragility or size
stout +
Culm growth form
climbing +
Culm growth form or location
floating +
Culm growth form or orientation
decumbent +  and sprawling +
Culm growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Culm orientation
decumbent +, ascending +  and erect +
Culm some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
Culm texture
rigid +
Distal cell length or size
long +
Distal cell size or width
narrow +
Distribution
Conn. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Wash. +, Va. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Wis. +, W.Va. +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Mass. +, Maine +, N.H. +, R.I. +, Vt. +, Fla. +, Wyo. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, La. +, Tenn. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Pa. +, Calif. +, Puerto Rico +, Colo. +, Miss. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Kans. +, Mo. +, N.Dak. +, Nebr. +, Okla. +, S.Dak. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Ill. +, Ga. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Ariz. +, Idaho +, Md. +, Ohio +, Utah +, Oreg. +, Mont. +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Nev. +  and Ky. +
Embryo quantity
1/2 +
Embryo shape
waisted +
Embryo size
large +
Endosperm texture
hard +
Filament shape
capillary +
Flap character
germination +
Floret architecture
pistillate +  and staminate +
Floret arrangement
adjacent +
Floret atypical quantity
3 +
Floret length or size
sometimes longer +
Floret palea development
well-developed +
Floret palea presence
absent +
Floret palea size
reduced +
Floret quantity
2 +
Floret reproduction
bisexual +
Floret shape
compressed +  and terete +
Fusoid cell presence
absent +
Glume apex architecture
gaping +
Glume architecture or shape
awned +
Glume height or length or size
shorter +
Glume length or size
shorter or longer +
Glume position
subtending +
Glume quantity
2 +
Glume size
unequal +
Glume texture
membranous +
Glume variability
equal +
Hair architecture
papillose-based +
Hair architecture or shape
awned +
Hair orientation
spreading +
Hair presence
absent +
Hair pubescence or texture
soft +
Hair quantity
lacking +
Hair shape
uncinate +
Hair some measurement
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (?) +
Hilum arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Hilum coloration or relief
punctate +
Hilum shape
Oval (?) +  and Round (?) +
Illustration
Present +
Illustration copyright
Utah State University +
Illustrator
Linda A. Vorobik +  and Hana Pazdírková +
Inflorescence architecture
bracteate +  and ebracteate +
Inflorescence position
axillary +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Inflorescences panicle position or structure subtype
terminal +
Internode architecture
branched +
Internode coloration
olive green or grayish-green +  and yellowish-green +
Internode length
elongated +
Internode pubescence
glabrous +  and pubescent +
Layer presence
absent +
Leaf arrangement
distichous +
Leaf margin arrangement
Overlapping (?) +
Leaf position
cauline +  and basal +
Lemma architecture or shape
awned +
Lemma coloration
hyaline +
Lemma texture
coriaceous +
Ligule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Ligule derivation
true +
Ligule presence
absent +
Ligule some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Ligule texture
membranous +
Lodicule fusion
free +
Lodicule height or length or size
short +
Lodicule presence
absent +
Lodicule prominence
inconspicuous +
Lodicule pubescence
glabrous +
Lodicule quantity
2 +
Lodicule shape
cuneate +
Lodicule texture
fleshy +
Lower floret architecture
staminate +
Lower floret reproduction
sterile +
Lower floret size
reduced +
Lower glume architecture
1-5-veined +
Lower glume quantity
1/4 +  and 1/2 +
Lower glume shape
obtuse +  and acute +
Lower palea height or length or size
shorter +
Lower palea presence
absent +
Lower palea width
thin +
Margin arrangement
separated +
Margin coloration
hyaline +
Margin prominence or shape
flat +
Margin pubescence
glabrous +  and ciliate +
Margin relief
whitish-scabridulous +
Margin shape or vernation
involute +
Microhair presence
absent +
Midculm long some measurement
6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
Midculm sheath quantity
1/2 +
Midrib architecture
complex +  and simple +
Node prominence
concealed +  and prominent +
Node pubescence
pubescent +  and glabrous +
Node shape
swollen +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Other quantity
2 +  and 1 +
Ovary presence
absent +
Ovary pubescence
glabrous +
Palea shape
keeled +
Panicle location
subterranean +
Papilla presence
absent +
Pedicel quantity
1 +
Peduncle some measurement
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (?) +
Pericarp arrangement
separating +
Pericarp condition or texture
dry +
Pericarp texture
dry +  and fleshy +
Pericarp width
thin +
Primary panicle architecture
open +
Primary panicle density
dense +
Primary panicle development
developing +
Primary panicle length or size
long +
Primary panicle position
exserted +
Primary panicle quantity
1/4 (3/4) +
Primary panicle reproduction
chasmogamous +
Primary panicle some measurement
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
Pseudoligule arrangement
adjacent +
Rachis prominence
evident +
Rachis pubescence
pilose +, puberulent +  and glabrous +
Reference
None +
Ring coating
viscid +
Ring pubescence
glabrous +
Secondary panicle reproduction
cleistogamous +
Secondary panicle size
small +
Secondary position
higher +
Secondary sheath position
included +
Secondary sheath size
small +
Sheath architecture
open +
Sheath condition
closed +
Sheath height or length or size
usually shorter +
Sheath pubescence
pubescent +, densely +  and glabrous +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V25/V25 1167.xml +
Spike architecture
complex +
Spike arrangement
bisexual +
Spike reproduction
unisexual +
Spikelet architecture
sessile +
Spikelet arrangement
in triplets +  and paired +
Spikelet character
length +
Spikelet coloration
yellowish-green +  and olivaceous or purplish +
Spikelet fixation
attached +
Spikelet presence
absent +
Spikelet pubescence
pubescent +
Spikelet quantity
1 +  and 60 +
Spikelet reproduction
unisexual +  and bisexual +
Spikelet shape
subacute +, obtuse +, obovoid +  and ellipsoid +
Spikelet some measurement
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Spikelet variability
varying +
Stamen quantity
1 +  and 3 +
Starch-grain architecture
simple +
Stigma coloration
red +
Style-branch arrangement
close +
Style-branch atypical quantity
4 +  and 1 +
Style-branch fusion
fused +  and free +
Style-branch quantity
2 (?) +
Style quantity
2 +  and 3 +
Subsidiary-cell shape
dome--shaped +  and triangular +
Surface shape
convex +
Synonyms
Panicum thermale +
Taxon family
Poaceae +
Taxon name
Dichanthelium acuminatum subsp. thermale +
Taxon parent
Dichanthelium acuminatum +
Taxon rank
subspecies +
Tissue coloration
hyaline +
Tissue texture
membranous +
Upper floret architecture
sessile +
Upper floret length
0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br />) +
Upper floret reproduction
bisexual +
Upper floret shape
obtuse +  and acute or minutely umbonate or apiculate +
Upper floret size
plump +
Upper floret variability
equaling +
Upper floret width
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Upper glume architecture
veined +
Upper glume architecture or shape
not saccate +
Upper glume height or length or size
shorter +
Upper glume presence
absent +
Upper glume size
subequal +
Upper lemma coloration or pubescence or relief
striate +
Upper lemma pubescence
glabrous +
Upper lemma reflectance
shiny +
Upper lemma texture
chartaceous-indurate +
Upper lower lemma architecture
veined +
Upper lower lemma size
subequal +
Upper palea coloration or pubescence or relief
striate +
Uppermost blade architecture
branching +
Uppermost blade arrangement
fascicles +
Uppermost blade density
dense +
Uppermost blade orientation
decumbent +, spreading +  and erect +
Uppermost blade shape
involute +  and flat +
Uppermost blade size
reduced +
Uppermost branchlet architecture
branching +
Uppermost branchlet arrangement
fascicles +
Uppermost branchlet density
dense +
Uppermost branchlet orientation
decumbent +, spreading +  and erect +
Uppermost node architecture
branching +
Uppermost node orientation
decumbent +, spreading +  and erect +
Uppermost secondary panicle architecture
branching +
Uppermost secondary panicle arrangement
fascicles +
Uppermost secondary panicle density
dense +
Uppermost secondary panicle orientation
decumbent +, spreading +  and erect +
Uppermost secondary panicle shape
involute +  and flat +
Uppermost secondary panicle size
reduced +
Uppermost secondary spikelet architecture
branching +
Uppermost secondary spikelet arrangement
fascicles +
Uppermost secondary spikelet density
dense +
Uppermost secondary spikelet orientation
decumbent +, spreading +  and erect +
Uppermost secondary spikelet quantity
few +
Uppermost secondary spikelet shape
involute +  and flat +
Uppermost secondary spikelet size
reduced +
Vein presence
absent +
Vein quantity
2 (?) +
Vein size
major +
Volume
Volume 25 +
Whole organism architecture
rhizomatous +
Whole organism arrangement or pubescence
tufted +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
plant +  and cespitose +
Whole organism growth form or habitat
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
Whole organism growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Whole organism pubescence
pubescent +
Whole organism reproduction
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +
Whole organism variability
various +
X chromosome atypical quantity
14 +, 12 +  and 7 +
X chromosome quantity
9 +