familyPoaceae
subfamilyPoaceae subfam. Panicoideae
tribePoaceae tribe Paniceae
genusDichanthelium
sectionDichanthelium sect. Lancearia
speciesDichanthelium portoricense
subspeciesDichanthelium portoricense subsp. patulum

Dichanthelium portoricense subsp. patulum

(Scribn. & Merr.) Freckmann & Lelong
Mary E. Barkworth
Synonyms: Panicum webberianum Panicum sabulorum var. patulum Panicum portoricense var. nashianum Panicum patentifolium Panicum lancearium
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 442.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Hana Pazdírková, Linda A. Vorobik

Copyright: Utah State University

Culms 20-50 cm, often densely puberulent. Sheaths puberulent to subglabrous. Cauline blades 4-7 cm long, 3.5-8 mm wide. Primary panicles 2-7 cm. Spikelets 1.8-2.6 mm, usually densely pubescent or puberulent, rarely glabrous.

Discussion

Dichanthelium portoricense subsp. patulum is more common in moist, sandy pinelands and savannahs than subsp. portoricense. It also grows in coastal sand dunes, but is less abundant there than subsp. portoricense. It is the more variable of the two subspecies, grading into subsp. portoricense as well as D. commutatum. More robust plants are recognized by some as Panicum patentifolium Nash. Occasional specimens, recognized by some as P. webberianum Nash, resemble the widespread D. sphaerocarpon.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"usually distinctly longer and narrower" is not a number."decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Dichanthelium portoricense subsp. patulum"
RDF feed
2n chromosome quantity
18 +
Abaxial ligule presence
absent +
Abaxial ligule quantity
common +
Adaxial cell presence
absent +
Adaxial cell shape
bulliform +
Adaxial ligule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Adaxial ligule presence
absent +
Adaxial ligule texture
membranous +
Anther quantity
3 +
Apex pubescence
puberulent +
Apex shape
subacute +  and rounded +
Arm cell presence
absent +
Arm cell quantity
anatomy +  and kranz +
Auricle presence
absent +
Author
Mary E. Barkworth +
Authority
(Scribn. & Merr.) Freckmann & Lelong +
Awn atypical quantity
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Awn orientation
arising +
Awn quantity
single +
Back shape
keeled +  and rounded +
Basal rosette season
winter +
Basal rosette variability
well-differentiated +
Base architecture
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
Base architecture or shape
cormlike +
Base arrangement
divergent +  and parallel +
Base position
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
Base shape
subcordate +
Base size
swelling +
Base texture
hard +
Base width
thick +
Blade architecture
disarticulating +  and pseudopetiolate +
Blade architecture or arrangement
congested +
Blade arrangement
fascicles +
Blade coloration
purplish +
Blade fusion
distinct +
Blade length
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
Blade orientation
Spreading (?) +
Blade position
adaxial +
Blade pubescence
pubescent +, puberulent +, glabrous +  and , +
Blade relief
wrinkled +
Blade shape
involute +, flat +, ovate +  and lanceolate +
Blade size
reduced +
Blade some measurement
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
Blade texture
firm +
Blade width
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Branch architecture
rebranching +
Branch course
flexuous +
Branch orientation
reflexed;spreading +
Branch presence
absent +
Branch pubescence
puberulent +
Branch relief
scabridulous +
Branch reproduction
sterile +
Branch shape
spikelike +
Branch some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Bristle presence
absent +
Bristle reproduction
sterile +
Callus development
not developed +
Caryopsis architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Caryopsis architecture or shape
cleft +
Caryopsis presence
absent +
Caryopsis shape
terete +  and compressed +
Cauline blade length
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
Cauline blade width
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Cauline leaf length or size
longer +
Cauline leaf quantity
4 (7) +
Cilium architecture
papillose-based +
Cilium length or size
sometimes longer +
Cross-section quantity
3 (?) +
Culm architecture
wiry +
Culm architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Culm coloration
purplish +
Culm duration
annual +
Culm growth form
climbing +
Culm growth form or location
floating +
Culm growth form or orientation
decumbent +  and sprawling +
Culm growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Culm orientation
spreading +, ascending +  and erect +
Culm pubescence
puberulent +
Culm size
slender +
Culm some measurement
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
Culm texture
woody +
Distal cell length or size
long +
Distal cell size or width
narrow +
Distribution
Minn. +, Conn. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Wash. +, Ala. +, Mich. +, N.C. +, Pa. +, Puerto Rico +, S.C. +, W.Va. +, Ark. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Mo. +, N.Dak. +, Nebr. +, Okla. +, S.Dak. +, Del. +, D.C +, Wis. +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. (Labr.) +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Md. +, Mass. +, Maine +, N.H. +, R.I. +, Vt. +, Fla. +, Wyo. +, Miss. +, Ariz. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, La. +, Ga. +, Tenn. +, Calif. +, Nev. +, Colo. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Va. +, Idaho +, Ohio +, Utah +, Mont. +, Oreg. +  and Ky. +
Embryo quantity
1/2 +
Embryo shape
waisted +
Embryo size
large +
Endosperm texture
hard +
Filament shape
capillary +
Flap character
germination +
Floret architecture
pistillate +  and staminate +
Floret arrangement
adjacent +
Floret atypical quantity
3 +
Floret length or size
sometimes longer +
Floret palea development
well-developed +
Floret palea presence
absent +
Floret palea size
reduced +
Floret quantity
2 +
Floret reproduction
bisexual +
Floret shape
compressed +  and terete +
Fusoid cell presence
absent +
Glume apex architecture
gaping +
Glume architecture or shape
awned +
Glume height or length or size
shorter +
Glume length or size
shorter or longer +
Glume position
subtending +
Glume quantity
2 +
Glume size
unequal +
Glume texture
membranous +
Glume variability
equal +
Hair architecture or shape
awned +
Hair presence
absent +
Hair quantity
lacking +
Hair shape
uncinate +
Hair some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Hilum arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Hilum coloration or relief
punctate +
Hilum shape
Oval (?) +  and Round (?) +
Illustration
Present +
Illustration copyright
Utah State University +
Illustrator
Linda A. Vorobik +  and Hana Pazdírková +
Inflorescence architecture
bracteate +  and ebracteate +
Inflorescence position
axillary +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Inflorescences panicle position or structure subtype
terminal +
Internode architecture
solid +  and hollow +
Internode coloration
olive green +  and purplish +
Internode length
elongated +
Internode pubescence
glabrous +  and puberulent +
Layer presence
absent +
Leaf arrangement
distichous +
Leaf margin arrangement
Overlapping (?) +
Leaf position
cauline +  and basal +
Lemma architecture or shape
awned +
Lemma coloration
hyaline +
Lemma texture
coriaceous +
Ligule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Ligule derivation
true +
Ligule presence
absent +
Ligule some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +
Ligule texture
membranous +
Lodicule fusion
free +
Lodicule height or length or size
short +
Lodicule presence
absent +
Lodicule prominence
inconspicuous +
Lodicule pubescence
glabrous +
Lodicule quantity
2 +
Lodicule shape
cuneate +
Lodicule texture
fleshy +
Lower architecture
branching +
Lower floret architecture
staminate +
Lower floret reproduction
sterile +
Lower floret size
reduced +
Lower glume architecture
weakly-veined +
Lower glume architecture or fixation
clasping +
Lower glume fixation
attached +
Lower glume quantity
1/5 +  and 3/4 +
Lower glume shape
acuminate +, acute +  and truncate +
Lower glume some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
Lower glume width
thin +
Lower lemma height or length or size
shorter +
Lower orientation
decumbent +  and spreading +
Lower palea height or length or size
shorter +
Lower palea presence
absent +
Lower palea width
thin +
Margin arrangement
separated +
Margin coloration
whitish +
Margin prominence or shape
flat +
Margin relief
scabridulous +
Margin shape or vernation
involute +
Microhair presence
absent +
Midculm node quantity
numerous +
Midrib architecture
complex +  and simple +
Node prominence
concealed +  and prominent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Other quantity
2 +  and 1 +
Ovary presence
absent +
Ovary pubescence
glabrous +
Palea shape
keeled +
Panicle location
subterranean +
Papilla presence
absent +
Pedicel quantity
1 +
Pericarp arrangement
separating +
Pericarp condition or texture
dry +
Pericarp texture
dry +  and fleshy +
Pericarp width
thin +
Primary panicle development
developing +
Primary panicle length
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
Primary panicle length or size
long +
Primary panicle position
exserted +
Primary panicle quantity
2/3 (?) +
Primary panicle reproduction
chasmogamous +
Primary panicle some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
Rachis prominence
evident +
Reference
None +
Secondary panicle reproduction
cleistogamous +
Secondary panicle size
reduced +
Secondary position
higher +
Secondary sheath position
included +
Secondary sheath size
small +
Sheath architecture
open +
Sheath architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Sheath coloration
Purplish (?) +
Sheath condition
closed +
Sheath height or length or size
much shorter +
Sheath pubescence
puberulent +  and subglabrous +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V25/V25 1201.xml +
Spike architecture
complex +
Spike arrangement
bisexual +
Spike reproduction
unisexual +
Spikelet architecture
sessile +
Spikelet arrangement
in triplets +  and paired +
Spikelet character
length +
Spikelet fixation
attached +
Spikelet presence
absent +
Spikelet pubescence
glabrous +, puberulent +  and pubescent +
Spikelet quantity
few +
Spikelet reproduction
unisexual +  and bisexual +
Spikelet shape
attenuate +, planoconvex +  and obovoid-pyriform +
Spikelet some measurement
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.26 cm2.6 mm <br />0.0026 m <br />) +
Spikelet variability
varying +
Stamen quantity
1 +  and 3 +
Starch-grain architecture
simple +
Stigma coloration
red +
Style-branch arrangement
close +
Style-branch atypical quantity
4 +  and 1 +
Style-branch fusion
fused +  and free +
Style-branch quantity
2 (?) +
Style quantity
2 +  and 3 +
Subsidiary-cell shape
dome--shaped +  and triangular +
Surface shape
convex +
Synonyms
Panicum webberianum +, Panicum sabulorum var. patulum +, Panicum portoricense var. nashianum +, Panicum patentifolium +  and Panicum lancearium +
Taxon family
Poaceae +
Taxon name
Dichanthelium portoricense subsp. patulum +
Taxon parent
Dichanthelium portoricense +
Taxon rank
subspecies +
Tissue coloration
hyaline +
Tissue texture
membranous +
Upper floret architecture
sessile +
Upper floret reproduction
bisexual +
Upper floret shape
ellipsoid +
Upper floret size
plump +
Upper floret some measurement
0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Upper glume architecture
5-11-veined +
Upper glume architecture or shape
not saccate +
Upper glume height or length or size
slightly shorter +
Upper glume presence
absent +
Upper glume size
subequal +
Upper lemma coloration or pubescence or relief
striate +
Upper lemma pubescence
glabrous +
Upper lemma reflectance
shiny +
Upper lemma texture
chartaceous-indurate +
Upper palea coloration or pubescence or relief
striate +
Vein presence
absent +
Vein quantity
2 (?) +
Vein size
major +
Volume
Volume 25 +
Whole organism architecture
rhizomatous +
Whole organism arrangement or pubescence
tufted +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
plant +  and cespitose +
Whole organism growth form or habitat
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
Whole organism growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Whole organism reproduction
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +
Whole organism variability
various +
X chromosome atypical quantity
14 +, 12 +  and 7 +
X chromosome quantity
9 +