Dinebra retroflexa

(Vahl) Panz.
Common names: Viper grass
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 64.

Plants loosely tufted. Culms 13-120 cm, decumbent, straggling, often rooting at the lower nodes. Leaves sometimes glandular, particularly on the sheaths; blades 4.5-28 cm long, 4-8 mm wide, finely pointed. Panicles 8-34 cm; branches 0.6-5 (7) cm, stiff, initially ascending, reflexed at maturity; disarticulation at the base of the branches. Spikelets 5.7-9 mm, with 1-3 florets. Glumes 5.7-9 mm, asymmetric, coriaceous, keels glandular, apices caudate-curving; lemmas 2.1-2.9 mm, narrowly ovate, appressed-pubescent on the lateral-veins and adjacent to the lower 1/2 of the central vein; paleas appressed-pubescent on the flaps adjacent to the keels. 2n = 20.

Distribution

Created with Raphaël 2.2.0

Md., N.C.

Discussion

Dinebra retroflexa is native from southern Africa through tropical Africa to Egypt, Iraq, Pakistan, and India. It has reportedly been found on chrome ore piles in Canton, Maryland, a temporary unloading ground for ores in the Port of Baltimore (Reed 1964), and in Mecklenberg County, North Carolina. It is a common weed of rich soils in moist, tropical regions.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Dinebra retroflexa"
1 +  and 3 +
caudate-curving +
acute +  and 2-lobed +
Mary E. Barkworth +
- Vahl Panz. +
1 - ? +  and 3 - ? +
multiple +, , +  and single +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
not fused +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
membranous +
not pseudopetiolate +
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> - 28 cm280 mm <br />0.28 m <br /> +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
pointed +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> - 0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> - ? +
reflexed;ascending +
spikelike +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> - 5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> +
trigonous +  and elliptic-oblong +
triangular +  and dome--shaped +
sometimes longer +
membranous +
Viper grass +
straggling +  and decumbent +
ascending +  and erect +
13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br /> - 120 cm1,200 mm <br />1.2 m <br /> +
not woody +
Md. +  and N.C. +
not waisted +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
1 +  and 3 +
bisexual +  and fertile +
round +  and compressed +
reduced +
subtending +
acuminate-aristate +  and keeled +
subequal +
0.57 cm5.7 mm <br />0.0057 m <br /> - 0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> +
coriaceous +
uncinate +
paniculate +  and racemose +
hollow +  and solid +
not absent +
appressed-pubescent +
0.21 cm2.1 mm <br />0.0021 m <br /> - 0.29 cm2.9 mm <br />0.0029 m <br /> +
membranous +
sometimes longer +
lacerate +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
appressed-pubescent +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> - 34 cm340 mm <br />0.34 m <br /> +
dry +  and fleshy +
spikelike +
elongate +
cuneate +  and compressed +
0.57 cm5.7 mm <br />0.0057 m <br /> - 0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> +
1 +  and 3 +
compound +  and simple +
2 - ? +  and 3 - ? +
Gramineae +
Dinebra retroflexa +
species +
membranous +
7 - ? +  and 13 - ? +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +