Dodecatheon frenchii

(Vasey) Rydberg

Fl. Plains N. Amer., 626. 1932 ,.

Common names: French’s shootingstar
Basionym: Dodecatheon meadia var. frenchii Vasey in A. Gray et al., Manual ed. 6 issue 2, 735b. 1891
Synonyms: Dodecatheon meadia subsp. membranaceum R. Knuth Primula frenchii
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 285. Mentioned on page 271, 286.

Plants 20–40 (–60) cm; scape glabrous, rarely glandular-pubescent. Caudices not obvious at anthesis; roots white; bulblets absent. Leaves 10–30 × 4–8 (–10) cm; petiole slender (at least basally); blade (not suffused with red at base), spatulate to ovate or broadly oval, base slightly decurrent onto stem, abruptly tapering to petiole, margins usually entire, surfaces usually glabrous, rarely minutely glandular. Inflorescences 2–15-flowered; bracts lanceolate, 3–10 mm, glabrous, rarely glandular-pubescent. Pedicels 1–5 cm, usually glabrous, rarely glandular-pubescent. Flowers: calyx light green, 3–8 mm, glabrous, tube 2–2.5 mm, lobes 5, 3–6 mm; corolla-tube maroon and yellow with maroon, thin, wavy ring, lobes 5, white, sometimes pale rose or lavender to (rarely) magenta, 10–20 mm; filaments distinct and 0.8–1.2 mm or connate and tube yellow, 0.8–1.2 × 1.2–1.8 mm; anthers 5–7.5 mm; pollen-sacs yellow, rarely speckled with red or maroon, connective purple, dark maroon, or black, smooth; stigma not enlarged compared to style. Capsules reddish-brown, valvate, cylindric-ovoid, 6–10 × 3.5–5 mm, glabrous; walls thick, firm. Seeds without membrane along edges. 2n = 44.


Phenology: Flowering spring.
Habitat: Moist, shaded flats under sandstone cliffs and overhanging ledges along or near streams
Elevation: 100-300 m

Distribution

V8 577-distribution-map.gif

Ala., Ark., Ill., Ind., Ky., Mo.

Discussion

Dodecatheon frenchii is relatively rare throughout its restricted range in southern Illinois (Jackson, Johnson, Pope, Saline, Union, and Williamson counties), southern Indiana (Crawford and Perry counties), and western Kentucky (Breckinridge, Carter, Crittenden, Edmonson, Hardin, Menifee, Todd, Union, and Warren counties), with additional outlying populations in Colbert County, Alabama, Cleburne and Newton counties, Arkansas, and at Hickory Canyons Natural Area in Sainte Genevieve County, Missouri. The mature leaves nearly always have a distinctive cordate base.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"reddish" is not a number. "maroon" is not a number. "purple" is not a number.

... more about "Dodecatheon frenchii"
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.75 cm7.5 mm <br />0.0075 m <br />) +
acute;mostly acute;rounded +
James L. Reveal +
(Vasey) Rydberg +
whitish +  and yellowish +
tapering +  and decurrent +
Dodecatheon meadia var. frenchii +
crenulate +  and denticulate +
spatulate;ovate or broadly oval +
glandular-pubescent +  and glabrous +
lanceolate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
light green +
not keeled +  and tubular +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
reddish-brown +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
cylindric-ovoid +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
not obvious +
minute +
French’s shootingstar +
maroon and yellow with maroon +
short-tubular +
Ala. +, Ark. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Ky. +  and Mo. +
100-300 m +
connate +  and distinct +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
operculate +  and capsular +
Moist, shaded flats under sandstone cliffs and overhanging ledges along or near streams +
nectariferous +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (?) +  and 8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (?) +
lavender +  and magenta +
usually longer +
reflexed +  and spreading +
crenulate +  and dentate +
membranous +
tenuinucellate +  and bitegmic +
glandular-pubescent +  and glabrous +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
white;pink or violet or magenta +
Flowering spring. +
, +, speckled with red or speckled with maroon +  and yellow +
Fl. Plains N. Amer., +
glandular-pubescent +  and glabrous +
dark-brown +  and black +
alveolate +
globose +  and ovoid or quadrate +
toothlike +
connate +  and distinct +
nearly +  and erect +
inflated +
not enlarged +
Dodecatheon meadia subsp. membranaceum +  and Primula frenchii +
Dodecatheon frenchii +
Dodecatheon +
species +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
1.2mm;1.8mm +
perennial +  and annual +
stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +