Hesperostipa spartea

(Trin.) Barkworth
Common names: Porcupinegrass
Synonyms: Stipa spartea
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 161.

Culms 45-90 (145) cm; lower nodes usually crossed by lines of pubescence, occasionally glabrous. Lower sheaths usually with ciliate margins; ligules of lower leaves 0.3-3 mm, stiff, truncate to rounded, usually entire; ligules of upper leaves 3-7.5 mm, thin, acute, often lacerate; blades 1.5-4.5 mm wide. Panicles 10-25 cm. Glumes 22-45 mm, subequal; florets 15-25 mm; calluses 3.5-6 mm; lemmas unevenly pubescent, densely pubescent on the margins and in lines on the lower portion of the lemmas, glabrous distally, hairs brown at maturity; awns 90-190 mm, terminal segment straight, scabridulous. 2n = 44, 46.

Distribution

Colo., N.Mex., Wis., Ohio, Alta., B.C., Man., Ont., Sask., Minn., Mich., Kans., N.Dak., Nebr., Okla., S.Dak., Mont., Pa., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Mo., Wyo.

Discussion

Hesperostipa spartea grows at elevations of 200-2600 m, primarily in the grasslands of the central plains and southern prairies of the Flora region. In its more northern locations, it tends to grow on sandy soils. The southern and western specimens from outside its primary range may represent introductions. It was once a common species, but its habitat is now intensively cultivated. It differs from H. curtiseta in its larger size, unevenly pubescent culm nodes, usually ciliate lower sheaths, and longer florets. Misra (1961) argued that its longer florets and awns enabled H. spartea to survive in drier sites than H. curtiseta. Native Americans used bundles of the florets for combs.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number."prolonged" is not a number.

... more about "Hesperostipa spartea"
membranous +  and scarious +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
prow-tipped +
awned +, bifid +, bilobed +  and entire +
not sharp +  and acute +
indurate +
Mary E. Barkworth +
(Trin.) Barkworth +
twisted +  and not branched +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
subterminal +  and eccentric +
scabrous +  and pilose +
9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br /> (19 cm190 mm <br />0.19 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
not evident +
cross +, linear +  and narrowly lanceolate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
spikelike +
well-developed +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
Porcupinegrass +
not branching +
perennial +  and annual +
45 cm450 mm <br />0.45 m <br /> (90 cm900 mm <br />0.9 m <br />) +
not woody +
Colo. +, N.Mex. +, Wis. +, Ohio +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, Ont. +, Sask. +, Minn. +, Mich. +, Kans. +, N.Dak. +, Nebr. +, Okla. +, S.Dak. +, Mont. +, Pa. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Mo. +  and Wyo. +
0 +  and 1/3 +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
cylindrical +
15mm +  and 25mm +
15mm +  and 60mm +
subtending +
tapering +
subequal +
2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
membranous +
2mm +  and 4mm +
uncinate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
solid +  and hollow +
basally concentrated +  and evenly distributed +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.75 cm7.5 mm <br />0.0075 m <br />) +
glabrous +  and pubescent +
ovate +, rectangular +  and lanceolate +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
fleshy +  and membranous +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
well-developed +
reduced +
coriaceous +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
not prolonged +
1 +  and 60 +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
laterally compressed +  and terete +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Stipa spartea +
Hesperostipa spartea +
Hesperostipa +
species +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
plant +  and cespitose +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +