Jarava plumosa

(Spreng.) S.W.L. Jacobs & J. Everett
Common names: Plumose needlegrass
Synonyms: Achnatherum papposum
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 179.

Plants cespitose, shortly rhizomatous, rhizomes forming knotted bases. Culms 15-85 cm, glabrous, bases dull gray-brown; nodes 2-6; basal branching mostly extravaginal, lower nodes sometimes with intravaginal branches. Sheaths glabrous, basal sheaths dull gray-brown; ligules 0.1-0.2 mm, truncate, abaxial surfaces puberulent, ciliolate to ciliate, hairs longest (1.5-4 mm) towards the sides of the leaves, at the top of the sheaths; blades 1-9 (25) cm long, those of the innovations the longest, 1-1.5 mm wide and flat or conduplicate, or to 0.5 mm in diameter and convolute, straight to almost falcate, abaxial surfaces of the innovation leaves glabrous or pubescent, adaxial surfaces usually glabrous, sometimes slightly scabrous. Panicles 3-20 cm, ovoid, lax, partially included in the upper leaf-sheaths; branches ascending to divergent; pedicels 1-1.5 mm. Spikelets 5-8 mm. Glumes from shorter than to subequal to the florets, linear-lanceolate, hyaline, smooth, ecostate or with 1 inconspicuous vein, apices attenuate; lower glumes 2.5-5 mm; upper glumes 4.5-6.5 mm; florets (4) 5-7.5 mm; calluses 1-1.5 mm, strigose, hairs white; lemmas about 0.3 mm thick, mostly scabrous, strigose over the midvein, tapering to the apices, pappus hairs 5-8 mm; awns 15-30 mm, scabrous, weakly geniculate; paleas 1-2.5 mm, from 1/3 - 1/2 the length of the lemmas, hyaline, glabrous, weakly 2-veined; lodicules 2, 0.8-1 mm, linear. Caryopses 4-5 mm, narrowly lanceoloid. 2n = 40.

Discussion

A native of Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay, Jarava plumosa was collected in Berkeley, California in 1983. It is not known to be established in the Flora region. In its native range, it often grows on poor, unstable soils. Matthei (1965) stated that it is a valuable forage species when young, but that it should not be overgrazed because of its value in preventing soil degradation.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number."prolonged" is not a number.No values specified.

... more about "Jarava plumosa"
glabrous +, pubescent +, ciliolate +  and ciliate +
membranous +  and scarious +
awned +, bifid +, bilobed +  and entire +
attenuate +
Mirta O. Arriaga +
(Spreng.) S.W.L. Jacobs & J. Everett +
twisted +  and not branched +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br /> (?) +
subterminal +  and eccentric +
pilose +  and scabrous +
geniculate +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
gray-brown +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
knotted +
swelling +
not evident +
cross +, linear +  and narrowly lanceolate +
spikelike +
well-developed +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
Plumose needlegrass +
not branching +
perennial +  and annual +
ascending +  and erect +
extravaginal +, intravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (85 cm850 mm <br />0.85 m <br />) +
not woody +
0 +  and 1/3 +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
terete +  and lanceoloid +
5mm +  and 7.5mm +
1-10-veined +
usually longer +
subtending +
linear-lanceolate +
subequal +
membranous +
longest +
uncinate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
solid +  and hollow +
basally concentrated +  and evenly distributed +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (?) +
1/3 +  and 2/3 +
tapering +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
membranous +
hairy +  and glabrous +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
fleshy +  and membranous +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 6 +
2 +  and 1 +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
well-developed +
1/3 +  and 1/2 +
reduced +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
membranous +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
not prolonged +
1 +  and 60 +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
laterally compressed +  and terete +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Achnatherum papposum +
Jarava plumosa +
species +
membranous +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.65 cm6.5 mm <br />0.0065 m <br />) +
inconspicuous +
plant +  and cespitose +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
12 +, 11 +, 10 +, 8 +  and 7 +