Oryzopsis asperifolia

Michx.
Common names: Roughleaf ricegrass Winter grass Oryzopsis a feuilles rudes
Endemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 168.

Culms 25-65 cm. Basal ligules 0.2-0.7 mm, rounded, sometimes longest at the sides; blades of basal leaves 30-90 cm long, 4-9 mm wide, flag leaf-blades 8-12 mm. Panicles 3.5-13 cm, contracted. Glumes subequal, 5-7.5 mm long, 2.5-4 mm wide, 6-10-veined, apices mucronate; florets 5-7 mm; calluses 0.8-2 mm, blunt, distal portions with a dense ruff of soft hairs; lemmas coriaceous or indurate at maturity, pale green, white, or yellowish, sometimes purple-tinged, glossy or dull, pubescent at least basally, margins overlapping, concealing the paleas; awns 7-15 mm; paleas similar to the lemmas; anthers 2-4 mm, usually penicillate. Caryopses 4-6.5 mm. 2n = 46.

Distribution

Wash., Wis., W.Va., Colo., Wyo., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., Pa., R.I., Va., Conn., Mass., Maine, Vt., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Idaho, Md., Ohio, Utah, Minn., Mich., N.Dak., S.Dak., Mont., Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Labr.), N.S., N.W.T., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon

Discussion

Oryzopsis asperifolia grows in both deciduous and coniferous woods, generally on open, rocky ground in areas with well-developed duff. It is found from the Yukon and Northwest Territories south to New Mexico along the Rocky Mountains, and from British Columbia east to Newfoundland and Maryland. It is listed as endangered or threatened in Indiana, Ohio, New Jersey, Maryland, and Virginia.

Leaf development in Oryzopsis asperifolia is unusual in that the leaves start to develop in midsummer, the blades growing upright. As the year progresses, they bend over, but stay alive and green through winter and the following spring. The part of the sheaths that remains below the level of the duff is usually bright purple (Dore and McNeill 1980).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number."prolonged" is not a number."longest" is not a number.

... more about "Oryzopsis asperifolia"
membranous +  and scarious +
penicillate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
awned +, bifid +, bilobed +  and entire +
mucronate +
Mary E. Barkworth +
Michx. +
twisted +  and not branched +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
straight +
subterminal +  and eccentric +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
uppermost +
swelling +
not evident +
cross +, linear +  and narrowly lanceolate +
spikelike +
well-developed +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Roughleaf ricegrass +, Winter grass +  and Oryzopsis a feuilles rudes +
perennial +  and annual +
spreading +  and erect +
extravaginal +  and basal +
25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br /> (65 cm650 mm <br />0.65 m <br />) +
not woody +
Wash. +, Wis. +, W.Va. +, Colo. +, Wyo. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, Va. +, Conn. +, Mass. +, Maine +, Vt. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Idaho +, Md. +, Ohio +, Utah +, Minn. +, Mich. +, N.Dak. +, S.Dak. +, Mont. +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. (Labr.) +, N.S. +, N.W.T. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +  and Yukon +
0 +  and 1/3 +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
terete +  and laterally compressed +
5mm +  and 7.5mm +
subtending +
narrowly lanceolate +  and ovate +
subequal +
membranous +
2.5mm +  and 4mm +
uncinate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
solid +  and hollow +
basally concentrated +  and evenly distributed +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (90 cm900 mm <br />0.9 m <br />) +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (90 cm900 mm <br />0.9 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
3-5(9)-veined +
ovate +, rectangular +  and lanceolate +
indurate +  and coriaceous +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
purple-tinged +, yellowish +, white +  and pale green +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
well-developed +
concealing +
reduced +
pubescence +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
not prolonged +
1 +  and 60 +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
laterally compressed +  and terete +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.75 cm7.5 mm <br />0.0075 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Gramineae +
Oryzopsis asperifolia +
Oryzopsis +
species +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
plant +  and cespitose +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +