Panicum antidotale

Retz.
Common names: Blue panicgrass
Introduced
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 482.

Plants perennial; cespitose, rhizomatous, rhizomes about 1 cm thick, knotted, pubescent, with large, scalelike leaves. Culms 50-300 cm tall, 2-4 mm thick, often compressed, erect or ascending, hard, becoming almost woody; nodes swollen, glabrous or pubescent; internodes glabrous, glaucous. Sheaths not keeled, shorter than or equal to the internodes, glabrous or the lower sheaths at least partially pubescent, hairs papillose-based; ligules 0.3-1.5 mm; blades 10-60 cm long, 3-20 mm wide, elongate, flat, abaxial surfaces and margins scabrous, adaxial surfaces occasionally pubescent near the base, with prominent, white midveins, bases rounded to narrowed. Panicles 10-45 cm, to 1/2 as wide as long, open or somewhat contracted, with many spikelets; branches 4-12 cm, opposite or alternate, ascending to spreading; pedicels 0.3-2.5 mm, scabridulous to scabrous, appressed to diverging less than 45° from the branch axes. Spikelets 2.4-3.4 mm long, 1-1.3 mm wide, ellipsoid-lanceoloid to narrowly ovoid, often purplish, glabrous, acute. Lower glumes 1.4-2.2 mm, 1/3 – 1/2 as long as the spikelets, 3-5-veined, obtuse; upper glumes and lower lemmas subequal, glabrous, 5-9-veined, margins scarious, acute; lower florets staminate; upper florets 1.8-2.8 mm long, 0.9-1.1 mm wide, smooth, lustrous, acute. 2n = 18, 36.

Distribution

N.Mex., Tex., Utah, Calif., Ala., N.C., S.C., Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Ariz., Fla.

Discussion

Panicum antidotale is native to India. It is grown in the Flora region as a forage grass, primarily in the southwestern United States. It is now established in the region, being found in open, disturbed areas and fields.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number."varying" is not a number.

... more about "Panicum antidotale"
puberulent +
acute +, obtuse +, rounded +  and attenuate +
anatomy +  and kranz +
Robert W. Freckmann +  and Michel G. Lelong +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
keeled +  and rounded +
divergent +  and parallel +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
rounded +  and narrowed +
swelling +
membranous +
disarticulating +  and pseudopetiolate +
non-radiate +  and radiate +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
elongate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
alternate +  and opposite +
ascending;spreading +
spikelike +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
not developed +
terete +  and compressed +
Blue panicgrass +
small green +
50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br /> (300 cm3,000 mm <br />3 m <br />) +
ascending +  and erect +
compressed +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (300 cm3,000 mm <br />3 m <br />) +
woody +  and hard +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
N.Mex. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Calif. +, Ala. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Ariz. +  and Fla. +
capillary +
germination +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
compressed +  and terete +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
tuberculate +
unequal +
membranous +
well-developed +
papillose-based +
uncinate +
Oval (?) +  and Round (?) +
bracteate +  and ebracteate +
hollow +  and solid +
glaucous +  and glabrous +
scale-like +
coriaceous +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
1/3 +  and 1/2 +
0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br /> (0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br />) +
large +  and small +
complex +  and simple +
concealed +  and prominent +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
swollen +
2 +  and 1 +
subterranean +
0 +  and 1/2 +
pyramidal +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (45 cm450 mm <br />0.45 m <br />) +
appressed +  and diverging +
scabridulous +  and scabrous +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
not keeled +
Introduced +
in triplets +  and paired +
0.24 cm2.4 mm <br />0.0024 m <br /> (0.34 cm3.4 mm <br />0.0034 m <br />) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
acute +, ellipsoid-lanceoloid +  and narrowly ovoid +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
1mm +  and 1.3mm +
1 +  and 3 +
compound +  and simple +
fused +  and free +
2 +  and 3 +
dome--shaped +  and triangular +
Gramineae +
Panicum antidotale +
Panicum sect. Antidotalia +
species +
membranous +
stipitate +  and sessile +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.28 cm2.8 mm <br />0.0028 m <br />) +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br />) +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
rugose +  and verrucose +
chartaceous-indurate +  and rigid +
plant +  and cespitose +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +