Paspalum bifidum

(Bertol.) Nash
Common names: Pitchfork paspalum
Endemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 586.

Plants perennial; rhizomatous. Culms 60-140 cm, erect; nodes glabrous. Sheaths pubescent; ligules 2-4 mm; blades to 37 cm long, 2.2-11 mm wide, flat. Panicles terminal, with 2-5 racemosely arranged branches; branches 3.7-13 cm, divergent to erect; branch axes 0.2-0.8 mm wide, glabrous, margins scabrous, terminating in a spikelet. Spikelets 3.1-4 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, paired, not imbricate, appressed to the branch axes, elliptic to obovate, yellowbrown. Lower glumes present or absent; upper glumes glabrous or sparsely pubescent basally, (6) 7-veined, margins entire; lower lemmas glabrous or sparsely pubescent basally, lacking ribs over the veins, 5-veined, margins entire; upper florets white. Caryopses 2.6-2.9 mm, purple. 2n = unknown.

Distribution

Va., Okla., Miss., Tex., La., Mo., Ala., Tenn., N.C., S.C., Ark., Ga., Fla.

Discussion

Paspalum bifidum is restricted to the southeastern United States. It grows at the edges of forests in longleaf pine-oak-grass ecosystems, usually in dry to mesic loamy sandy soils. It grows vigorously following fire.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Paspalum bifidum"
rounded +
anatomy +  and kranz +
Charles M. Allen +  and David W. Hall +
(Bertol.) Nash +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
divergent +  and parallel +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
membranous +
disarticulating +  and pseudopetiolate +
non-radiate +  and radiate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (37 cm370 mm <br />0.37 m <br />) +
usually linear +  and lanceolate occasionally ovate +
0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
divergent +  and arranged +
0.2mm +  and 0.8mm +
spikelike +
3.7 cm37 mm <br />0.037 m <br /> (13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br />) +
not developed +
ringlike +
brown +, yellow +  and white +
orbicular +  and elliptical planoconvex or flattened +
0.26 cm2.6 mm <br />0.0026 m <br /> (0.29 cm2.9 mm <br />0.0029 m <br />) +
sometimes longer +
Pitchfork paspalum +
branched +  and solid +
60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br /> (140 cm1,400 mm <br />1.4 m <br />) +
Va. +, Okla. +, Miss. +, Tex. +, La. +, Mo. +, Ala. +, Tenn. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Ark. +, Ga. +  and Fla. +
capillary +
germination +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
compressed +  and terete +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
unequal +
membranous +
uncinate +
bracteate +  and ebracteate +
solid +  and hollow +
cauline +  and basal +
coriaceous +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
complex +  and simple +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
subterranean +
spreading +  and erect +
dry +  and fleshy +
subsessile +  and shortly pedicellate +
not imbricate +  and paired +
0.31 cm3.1 mm <br />0.0031 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
1 +  and 60 +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
elliptic +  and obovate +
2mm +  and 2.5mm +
1 +  and 3 +
fused +  and free +
2 +  and 3 +
dome--shaped +  and triangular +
Gramineae +
Paspalum bifidum +
Paspalum +
species +
membranous +
stipitate +  and sessile +
rounded +  and acute +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
stramineous +  and dark-brown +
smooth +  and slightly rugose +
smooth +  and slightly rugose +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +