familyPoaceae
subfamilyPoaceae subfam. Panicoideae
tribePoaceae tribe Paniceae
genusPennisetum
speciesPennisetum macrostachys

Pennisetum macrostachys

(Brongn.) Trin.
J.K. Wipff
Common names: Pacific fountaingrass
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Linda A. Vorobik

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants perennial, or annual in temperate climates; cespitose. Culms 100-300 cm, erect, branching; nodes glabrous. Leaves burgundy; sheaths glabrous; ligules 0.1-0.3 mm; blades 30-53.5 cm long, (15) 18-35 mm wide, flat, glabrous. Panicles terminal, (15.5) 18-40 cm long, 32-50 mm wide, fully exerted from the sheaths, flexible, drooping, burgundy; rachises terete, shortly pubescent. Fascicles 17-22 per cm; fascicle axes 0.5-0.7 mm, with 1 spikelet; outer bristles 21-40, 1.2-22.3 mm, scabrous; inner bristles absent; primary bristles 20-23 mm, not noticeably longer than the other bristles, scabrous. Spikelets 4.4-4.9 mm, sessile or pedicellate, glabrous; pedicels to 0.1 mm; lower glumes 1.1 - 1.3 mm, veinless; upper glumes 2.1 - 2.8 mm, usually about 1/2 as long as the spikelets, 1-3-veined; lower florets staminate (sterile); lower lemmas 4-4.5 mm, 5-veined; lower paleas absent or to 2.6 mm; anthers absent or 1.4-1.6 mm; upper lemmas 4.3-4.8 mm, 5-veined; anthers 1.6-1.8 mm. 2n = 68.

Discussion

Pennisetum macrostachys is native to the South Pacific. It is grown in the Flora region as an ornamental species, being sold as 'Burgundy Giant'.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Pennisetum macrostachys"
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2n chromosome quantity
68 +
Abaxial ligule presence
absent +
Abaxial ligule quantity
common +
Adaxial cell presence
absent +
Adaxial cell shape
bulliform +
Adaxial ligule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Adaxial ligule presence
absent +
Adaxial ligule texture
membranous +
Anther presence
absent +
Anther quantity
1.4-1.6 mm +
Anther some measurement
0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
Arm cell presence
absent +
Arm cell quantity
anatomy +  and kranz +
Auricle presence
absent +
Author
J.K. Wipff +
Authority
(Brongn.) Trin. +
Awn atypical quantity
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Awn orientation
arising +
Awn quantity
single +
Back shape
keeled +  and rounded +
Base architecture
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
Base arrangement
divergent +  and parallel +
Base position
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
Base size
swelling +
Base texture
membranous +
Base width
thick +
Blade architecture
pseudopetiolate +
Blade architecture or arrangement
non-radiate +  and radiate +
Blade length
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (53.5 cm535 mm <br />0.535 m <br />) +
Blade position
adaxial +
Blade prominence or shape
flat +
Blade pubescence
glabrous +
Blade shape
usually linear +  and lanceolate occasionally ovate +
Blade width
1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
Branch architecture
secund +
Branch arrangement
fascicles +
Branch shape
spikelike +
Branch size
reduced +
Branch some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Bristle architecture
disarticulating +
Bristle atypical quantity
1 +
Bristle fusion
fused +  and free +
Bristle quantity
3;130 +
Callus development
not developed +
Caryopsis architecture or shape
cleft +
Caryopsis presence
absent +
Caryopsis shape
terete +  and compressed +
Cilium length or size
sometimes longer +
Climate location
temperate +
Common name
Pacific fountaingrass +
Culm architecture
branching +
Culm architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Culm duration
annual +
Culm growth form
climbing +
Culm growth form or location
floating +
Culm growth form or orientation
decumbent +
Culm orientation
erect +
Culm some measurement
100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br /> (300 cm3,000 mm <br />3 m <br />) +
Culm texture
not woody +
Distal cell length or size
long +
Distal cell size or width
narrow +
Distribution
Wash. +, W.Va. +, Calif. +, Fla. +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Tex. +, Del. +, D.C +, Wis. +, Ariz. +, N.Mex. +, Conn. +, Mass. +, Maine +, N.H. +, R.I. +, Vt. +, La. +, Okla. +, Wyo. +, Puerto Rico +, N.J. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Tenn. +, S.C. +, Pa. +, S.Dak. +, N.Y. +, Nev. +, Va. +, Ala. +, Ga. +, Iowa +, Idaho +, Kans. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, Oreg. +, Colo. +, Virgin Islands +, Ark. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Md. +, Ohio +, Utah +, Mo. +, Miss. +  and Ky. +
Embryo quantity
1/2 +
Embryo shape
waisted +
Embryo size
large +
Endosperm texture
hard +
Fascicle axis atypical some measurement
28 +
Fascicle axis some measurement
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br />) +
Filament shape
capillary +
Flap character
germination +
Floret architecture
pistillate +  and staminate +
Floret arrangement
adjacent +
Floret atypical quantity
3 +
Floret length or size
sometimes longer +
Floret palea development
well-developed +
Floret palea presence
absent +
Floret palea size
reduced +
Floret quantity
2 +
Floret reproduction
bisexual +
Floret shape
compressed +  and terete +
Fusoid cell presence
absent +
Glume architecture or shape
awned +
Glume height or length or size
shorter +
Glume length or size
shorter or longer +
Glume position
subtending +
Glume quantity
2 +
Glume size
unequal +
Glume texture
membranous +
Glume variability
equal +
Hair architecture or shape
awned +
Hair quantity
lacking +
Hair shape
uncinate +
Hilum arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Hilum coloration or relief
punctate +
Illustration
Present +
Illustration copyright
Utah State University +
Illustrator
Linda A. Vorobik +
Inflorescence architecture
bracteate +  and ebracteate +
Inflorescence position
axillary +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Inner bristle architecture or pubescence or shape
long-ciliate +
Inner bristle position or structure subtype
primary +
Inner bristle presence
absent +
Inner bristle prominence or shape
flatter +
Inner bristle pubescence or relief
scabrous +
Inner bristle width
usually flatter and wider +
Internode architecture
hollow +  and solid +
Internode length
elongated +
Kind presence
absent +
Kind quantity
3 +
Layer presence
absent +
Leaf arrangement
distichous +
Leaf coloration
burgundy +
Leaf margin arrangement
Overlapping (?) +
Leaf position
cauline +  and basal +
Lemma architecture or shape
awned +
Lemma coloration
hyaline +
Lemma texture
coriaceous +
Ligule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Ligule presence
absent +
Ligule some measurement
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br />) +
Ligule texture
membranous +
Lodicule fusion
free +
Lodicule height or length or size
short +
Lodicule presence
absent +
Lodicule prominence
inconspicuous +
Lodicule pubescence
glabrous +
Lodicule quantity
2 +
Lodicule shape
cuneate +
Lodicule texture
fleshy +
Lower floret architecture
staminate +
Lower floret reproduction
sterile +
Lower floret size
reduced +
Lower glume architecture
veinless +
Lower glume presence
absent +
Lower glume quantity
0 +  and 1/2 +
Lower glume some measurement
0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br />) +
Lower lemma architecture
5-veined +
Lower lemma some measurement
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
Lower lemma texture
membranous +
Lower palea presence
absent +
Lower palea quantity
0-2.6 mm +
Margin arrangement
separated +
Margin coloration
hyaline +
Margin prominence or shape
flat +
Margin pubescence
glabrous +
Margin shape or vernation
involute +
Microhair presence
absent +
Midrib architecture
complex +  and simple +
Node prominence
concealed +  and prominent +
Node pubescence
glabrous +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Other quantity
1 +
Outer bristle pubescence or relief
scabrous +
Outer bristle quantity
21 (40) +
Outer bristle shape
terete +
Outer bristle some measurement
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (2.23 cm22.3 mm <br />0.0223 m <br />) +
Ovary presence
absent +
Ovary pubescence
glabrous +
Palea shape
keeled +
Panicle architecture
spicate +
Panicle coloration
burgundy +
Panicle fragility
pliable +
Panicle length
18cm +  and 40cm +
Panicle location
subterranean +
Panicle orientation
drooping +
Panicle position
axillary +
Panicle position or structure subtype
terminal +
Panicle prominence
exposed +
Panicle quantity
1 +  and many +
Panicle width
3.2 cm32 mm <br />0.032 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
Papilla presence
absent +
Pedicel quantity
1 +
Pedicel some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br />) +
Pericarp arrangement
separating +
Pericarp condition or texture
dry +
Pericarp texture
dry +  and fleshy +
Primary bristle architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Primary bristle length or size
not noticeably longer +
Primary bristle pubescence
long-ciliate +  and scabrous +
Primary bristle pubescence or relief
scabrous +
Primary bristle some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br />) +
Rachis arrangement
fascicles +
Rachis prominence
evident +
Rachis pubescence
pubescent +
Rachis quantity
17;22 +
Rachis shape
terete +
Reference
None +
Secondary position
higher +
Sheath architecture
open +
Sheath condition
closed +
Sheath pubescence
glabrous +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V25/V25 1356.xml +
Spike architecture
complex +
Spike arrangement
bisexual +
Spike reproduction
unisexual +
Spikelet architecture
pedicellate +  and sessile +
Spikelet arrangement
in triplets +  and paired +
Spikelet atypical quantity
1 (?) +
Spikelet character
length +
Spikelet fixation
attached +
Spikelet presence
absent +
Spikelet pubescence
glabrous +
Spikelet quantity
1 +
Spikelet reproduction
unisexual +  and bisexual +
Spikelet shape
compressed +  and terete +
Spikelet some measurement
0.44 cm4.4 mm <br />0.0044 m <br /> (0.49 cm4.9 mm <br />0.0049 m <br />) +
Spikelet variability
varying +
Stamen quantity
1 +  and 3 +
Starch-grain architecture
simple +
Stigma coloration
red +
Style-branch arrangement
close +
Style-branch atypical quantity
4 +  and 1 +
Style-branch fusion
fused +  and free +
Style-branch quantity
2 (?) +
Style quantity
2 +  and 3 +
Subsidiary-cell shape
dome--shaped +  and triangular +
Synonyms
Gramineae +
Taxon family
Poaceae +
Taxon name
Pennisetum macrostachys +
Taxon parent
Pennisetum +
Taxon rank
species +
Tissue coloration
hyaline +
Tissue texture
membranous +
Upper floret reproduction
bisexual +
Upper glume architecture
1-3-veined +
Upper glume length or size
longer +
Upper glume presence
absent +
Upper glume quantity
1/2 +
Upper glume size
subequal +
Upper glume some measurement
0.21 cm2.1 mm <br />0.0021 m <br /> (0.28 cm2.8 mm <br />0.0028 m <br />) +
Upper lemma architecture
5-veined +
Upper lemma some measurement
0.43 cm4.3 mm <br />0.0043 m <br /> (0.48 cm4.8 mm <br />0.0048 m <br />) +
Upper lemma texture
membranous +  and coriaceous +
Upper palea texture
in +
Vein presence
absent +
Vein quantity
2 (?) +
Vein size
major +
Volume
Volume 25 +
Whole organism arrangement or pubescence
tufted +
Whole organism duration
annual +  and perennial +
Whole organism growth form
plant +  and cespitose +
Whole organism growth form or habitat
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
Whole organism growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Whole organism reproduction
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +
Whole organism variability
various +
X chromosome atypical quantity
14 +, 12 +  and 7 +
X chromosome quantity
9 +, 8 +, 7 +  and 5 +