Potentilla concinna

Richardson in J. Franklin

in J. Franklin, Narr. Journey Polar Sea, 739. 1823.

Common names: Early cinquefoil
EndemicIllustrated
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 178. Mentioned on page 177, 179, 180.

Stems 0.2–1.6 dm, lengths 1/2–3 (–4) times basal leaves. Basal leaves usually palmate to subpalmate, sometimes subpinnate, 1 (–2) pair of leaflets separate from terminal leaflets, distal leaflets distinct, 2–10 (–15) cm; petiole 1–7 (–10) cm, straight hairs ± abundant, ± appressed, 1–3 mm, stiff to weak, cottony hairs present, sometimes absent; leaflets 5 (–7), on tip or to distal 1/4 of leaf axis, separate to ± overlapping, proximal pair separated from others by 0–5 (–10) mm of leaf axis, central leaflets narrowly oblanceolate to obovate, 1–3 (–7) × 0.4–1.2 cm, petiolules 0–2 (–4) mm, distal 1/4 to whole margin incised 1/4–3/4+ to midvein, teeth (1–) 2–5 (–10) per side, separate, 1–6 mm, surfaces strongly to ± dissimilar, abaxial grayish to white, straight hairs ± abundant, ± appressed, 0.5–2 mm, weak to stiff (especially on veins), cottony hairs ± dense, rarely sparse, glands sparse or obscured, adaxial green to grayish, straight hairs common to abundant, appressed, 0.5–2 mm, mostly stiff, sometimes weak or mixed, cottony hairs absent or sparse, rarely common, glands ± sparse. Inflorescences (1–) 2–12-flowered. Pedicels 1–2 (–3) cm. Flowers: epicalyx bractlets lanceolate to narrowly ovate to linear-elliptic, sometimes doubled, (2–) 2.5–5 × 1–1.5 mm; hypanthium 3–6 mm diam.; sepals 3.5–6 mm, apex acute; petals (2.5–) 4–9 × (2–) 3–7 mm; filaments 1–3 mm, anthers 0.5–1 mm; carpels (7–) 10–30, styles (1–) 1.5–2 mm. Achenes 1.5–2.5 mm, smooth to lightly rugose. 2n = 70.

Distribution

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Alta., Man., Sask., Ariz., Calif., Colo., Mont., N.Dak., N.Mex., Nev., Ohio, S.Dak., Utah, Wyo.

Discussion

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

Potentilla concinna is a relatively widespread, low-growing, early-blooming species with palmate to subpalmate, abaxially cottony leaves. Flowers often appear before leaves are fully expanded. The three varieties treated here have some level of biogeographic identity and are, therefore, given provisional taxonomic recognition. Some treatments have also included P. bicrenata, P. johnstonii, and P. macounii as varieties of P. concinna. Two Mexican species, P. leonina Standley and P. oblanceolata Rydberg, have also been treated as varieties of P. concinna by J. Soják (2006); they are retained as distinct species here, pending further research on Mexican Potentilla. Two other erstwhile varieties of P. concinna are now placed in separate sections: var. modesta (Rydberg) S. L. Welsh & B. C. Johnston (misapplied) in sect. Rubricaules as P. modesta, and var. rubripes (Rydberg) C. L. Hitchcock in sect. Subjugae, intermediate between P. saximontana and P. subjuga. Potentilla concinnaeformis Rydberg, considered to be a close relative of P. concinna by I. W. Clokey (1939), is more likely a hybrid between P. glaucophylla (sect. Graciles) and P. hippiana (sect. Leucophyllae). Hybrids also occur with P. multisecta, and probably other species as well.

Potentilla concinna was first described in 1818 as P. humifusa Nuttall, a later homonym for P. humifusa Willdenow.

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Distal (1/2–)3/4 to full length of central leaflets incised 1/2–3/4+ to midvein, teeth 2–6 mm; n Great Plains to c Utah. Potentilla concinna var. divisa
1 Distal 1/4–3/4 of central leaflets incised 1/4–1/2 to midvein, teeth 1–3(–5) mm; mostly Rocky Mountains and west > 2
2 Stem lengths 1/2–1.5(–2) times basal leaves; leaves palmate, proximal leaflet pair not separated from others. Potentilla concinna var. concinna
2 Stem lengths 2–3(–4) times basal leaves; leaves usually palmate to subpalmate, sometimes subpinnate, proximal leaflet pair often separated from others by 1–5(–10) mm of leaf axis. Potentilla concinna var. proxima

"thin" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."/2-3(-4)timesbasalleaves" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Potentilla concinna"
green +  and white +
grayish +  and white +
green +  and white +
smooth +  and lightly rugose +
1.5mm +  and 2.5mm +
green +  and grayish +
green +  and grayish +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> - 0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> +
Barbara Ertter +
Richardson in J. Franklin +
subpinnate +, usually palmate +  and subpalmate +
opposite +  and alternate +
Concinnae +
25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br /> - 30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> +
less cordate or reniform +  and narrowly elliptic +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> - 25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br /> +
coriaceous +
reduced +
free +  and distinct +
hairy +  and glabrous +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> - 7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> - 3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> +
narrowly oblanceolate +  and obovate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> - 1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> +
Early cinquefoil +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> - 15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> - 10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> +
Alta. +, Man. +, Sask. +, Ariz. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Mont. +, N.Dak. +, N.Mex. +, Nev. +, Ohio +, S.Dak. +, Utah +  and Wyo. +
not +  and aggregated +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> - 0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> - 0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> +
lanceolate +  and narrowly ovate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> - 0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> - 0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> - 2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
not +  and aggregated +
deciduous +
on style scar +, hairy +  and glabrous +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> - 0.26 cm2.6 mm <br />0.0026 m <br /> +
abundant;sparse;sparse;abundant +
stoloniferous +  and short-rhizomatous +
straight +
weak +  and stiff +
less appressed +  and ascending +
common +, sparse +  and abundant +
crisped +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> - 0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> - 0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> - 1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> - 0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> +
0.5mm;2.5mm +
turbinate +, patelliform +  and cupulate +
- 1-2-12-flowered +
crassinucellate +
bipinnate +, odd-pinnate +, subpalmate +, palmate +  and ternate +
opposite +  and alternate +
marcescent +
well-developed +
persistent +
cauline +  and basal +
reduced +
separate +  and more or less overlapping +
cuneate +  and obovate +
linear +  and oblanceolate +
palmate +  and pinnate +
entire +  and cleft +
1/4 - ? +  and 3/4 - ? +
inferior +  and superior +
clustered +, biseriate +  and superposed +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> - 3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> - 2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> - 0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> - 0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> - 0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> +
free +  and distinct +
obcordate +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> - 0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> - 0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> - 10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> - 7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> - 0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> +
1/4 +  and 3/4 +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> - 0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> +
adnate +, free +, connate +  and distinct +
subpinnate +  and pinnate +
12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> - 15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> - 12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> +
usually not much longer +
in J. Franklin, Narr. Journey Polar Sea, +
not arillate +
persistent +
free +  and distinct +
erect +  and spreading +
lanceolate +  and broadly ovate or deltate +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> - 0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> +
Endemic +  and Illustrated +
free +  and distinct +
not rooting +
reddish +  and green +
prostrate +  and more or less decumbent +
prostrate +  and erect +
1 +  and many +
not flagelliform +
palmate +  and pinnate +
linear;ovate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> - 0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> +
deciduous +
distinct +
subapical +
in proximal 1/5 +, not papillate-swollen +, filiform +  and filiform-tapered +
rough-thickened +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> - 0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> +
not fleshy +
Potentilla concinna +
Potentilla sect. Concinnae +
species +
2 - ? +  and 5 - ? +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> - 0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> +
inconspicuous +
enlarged +
usually rosetted +  and tufted +
biennial +, annual +  and perennial +
herb +  and matted +