Potentilla supina subsp. paradoxa

(Nuttall) Soják

Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 4: 207. 1969.

Common names: Bushy cinquefoil
Illustrated
Basionym: Potentilla paradoxa Nuttall in J. Torrey and A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 437. 1840
Synonyms: P. nicolletii (S. Watson) E. Sheldon P. supina var. nicolletii S. Watson P. supina var. paradoxa (Nuttall) Th. Wolf
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 139.

Stems prostrate to ascending, sometimes erect, (1–) 2–4 (–6) dm, hairs at base not particularly stiff, not tubercle-based, glands absent or sparse, inconspicuous. Leaves pinnate (with distal leaflets ± confluent), 5–12 (–15) cm; petiole 1–6 (–8) cm, long hairs sparse to common, ± ascending, sometimes erect or appressed, 0.5–1 (–1.5) mm, usually ± weak, crisped hairs absent or sparse to common, glands sparse to common, inconspicuous; leaflets 5–9, on distal (1/4–) 1/2–2/3 of leaf axis, ± separate, largest ones oblanceolate to elliptic or obovate, 1–2 (–4) × 0.6–1.2 (–2.5) cm, distal 2/3 to ± whole margin ± evenly incised 1/4–1/2 to midvein, teeth (2–) 4–6 per side, surfaces glabrate or sparsely hairy, glands mostly absent. Inflorescences (10–) 20–100+-flowered. Pedicels 0.5–2 (–2.5) cm. Flowers: epicalyx bractlets ± elliptic to narrowly ovate, 3–5 (–7) × 1–2 (–3) mm; hypanthium 3–5 mm diam.; sepals 3–5 (–6) mm, apex acute to apiculate; petals yellow, obovate, 2.5–5 × 2–4.5 mm; stamens 20 (–25), filaments 0.7–1.8 (–2) mm, anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; carpels ca. 100, styles 0.5–0.6 mm. Achenes brown, 0.7–1.3 mm, usually strongly rugose, developing a smooth, corky protuberance on ventral suture, often as large as body of achene. 2n = 28.


Phenology: Flowering late spring–summer.
Habitat: Sandy shorelines of lakes, reservoirs, and streams
Elevation: 200–1600 m

Distribution

V9 200-distribution-map.jpg

Alta., B.C., Man., N.W.T., Ont., Sask., Colo., Idaho, Ill., Iowa, Kans., La., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., Nebr., N.Mex., N.Y., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., S.Dak., Tex., Utah, Wash., Wyo., n Mexico, Eurasia

Discussion

Although subsp. paradoxa is relatively common and widespread in central North America, occurrences are more sporadic and possibly ephemeral in the far western states. The diagnostic corky protuberance on the achene is well developed only on fully mature achenes, appearing merely as a flap of membranous tissue in earlier stages.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

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0.7mm +  and 1.3mm +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
acute;apiculate +
Barbara Ertter +  and James L. Reveal +
(Nuttall) Soják +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
compound +  and simple +
opposite +  and alternate +
Potentilla paradoxa +
25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
less cordate or reniform +  and narrowly elliptic +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
coriaceous +
reduced +
free +  and distinct +
hairy +  and glabrous +
Bushy cinquefoil +
Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.W.T. +, Ont. +, Sask. +, Colo. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, La. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, S.Dak. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Wash. +, Wyo. +, n Mexico +  and Eurasia +
not +  and aggregated +
200–1600 m +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
less elliptic +  and narrowly ovate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
not +  and aggregated +
deciduous +
on style scar +, hairy +  and glabrous +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.26 cm2.6 mm <br />0.0026 m <br />) +
inconspicuous +
sparse;common +
Sandy shorelines of lakes, reservoirs, and streams +
not tubercle-based +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
straight +
appressed +, erect +  and ascending +
sparse +  and common +
crisped +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0.5mm;2.5mm +
turbinate +, patelliform +  and cupulate +
(10-)20-100+-flowered +
crassinucellate +
bipinnate +, odd-pinnate +, subpalmate +, palmate +  and ternate +
opposite +  and alternate +
12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
marcescent +
well-developed +
persistent +
cauline +  and basal +
reduced +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
oblanceolate +  and elliptic or obovate +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (?) +  and 1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (?) +
linear +  and oblanceolate +
palmate +  and pinnate +
1/4 (?) +  and 1/2 (?) +
inferior +  and superior +
clustered +, biseriate +  and superposed +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
free +  and distinct +
2.5mm;5mm +
obovate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
Flowering late spring–summer. +
adnate +, free +, connate +  and distinct +
often more or less longer +
Folia Geobot. Phytotax. +
not arillate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
persistent +
free +  and distinct +
erect +  and spreading +
lanceolate +  and broadly ovate or deltate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Illustrated +
free +  and distinct +
not rooting +
reddish +  and green +
erect +, prostrate +  and ascending +
1 +  and many +
not flagelliform +
palmate +  and pinnate +
linear;ovate +
deciduous +
distinct +
subapical +
conic-tapered +
rough-thickened +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
hairy +  and glabrate +
P. nicolletii +, P. supina var. nicolletii +  and P. supina var. paradoxa +
not fleshy-thickened +
Potentilla supina subsp. paradoxa +
Potentilla supina +
subspecies +
4 (?) +  and 6 (?) +
inconspicuous +
enlarged +
not stoloniferous +  and 1-stemmed +
perennial +, short-lived +, biennial +  and annual +
biennial +, annual +  and perennial +
herb +  and matted +