Puccinellia distans

(Jacq.) Pari
Common names: European alkali grass Puccinellie a fleurs distantes
Synonyms: Puccinellia retroflexa Puccinellia hauptiana
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 473.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Cindy Roché

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants perennial; cespitose, not mat-forming. Culms 5-60 cm, erect to decumbent. Ligules 0.8-1.2 mm, obtuse to truncate, usually entire; blades 1-7 mm wide, flat to involute. Panicles 2.5-20 cm, diffuse at maturity, lower branches horizontal to descending, spikelets usually confined to the distal 2/3, pedicels scabrous, lacking tumid epidermal-cells. Spikelets 2.5-7 mm, with 2-7 florets. Glumes rounded over the back, veins obscure, apices acute to truncate; lower glumes 0.4-1.3 mm; upper glumes 0.9-1.8 mm; calluses with a few hairs; lemmas 1.5-2 (2.2) mm, mostly herbaceous, glabrous or sparsely hairy on the lower 1/2, principally along the veins, backs rounded, 5-veined, veins obscure, not extending to the margins, apical margins hyaline and often yellowish, uniformly and densely scabrous, apices widely obtuse to truncate, entire; palea veins shortly ciliate proximally, glabrous, sometimes scabrous distally; anthers 0.4-0.8 mm. 2n = 14, 28, 42.

Distribution

Pa., N.C., Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., W.Va., Del., Wis., Idaho, Mont., Oreg., Wyo., N.Mex., Maine, Nev., N.Dak., Nebr., Ariz., Colo., Iowa, Ill., Ind., Ky., Md., Mich., Minn., Ohio, S.Dak., Utah, Calif., Va., Alaska, Vt., Mass., R.I., Alta., B.C., Greenland, Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon, Mo.

Discussion

Puccinellia distans is a Eurasian native, reportedly introduced in North America, where it is widespread, particularly as a weed in non-littoral environments, including the margins of salted roads. It is also found occasionally in coastal environments.

A specimen in the Smithsonian Institution attributed to Puccinellia tenuiflora (Griseb.) Scribn. & Merr. by Scribner and Merrill (1910) is a robust example of P. distans; others of this taxon in North America remain to be investigated. Puccinellia hauptiana (Trin. ex V.I. Krecz.) Kitag. has been reduced to P. distans subsp. hauptiana (Trin. ex V.I. Krecz.) W.E. Hughes. This taxon may represent a tetraploid component of P. distans; several specimens identified as P. hauptiana in Eurasia have a tetraploid chromosome count. Specimens from Alaska, the Yukon, and Saskatchewan, identified as P. hauptiana on the basis of their relatively narrow leaves (1-2 mm wide) and small anthers (0.5-0.6 mm), appear to be native in these regions and require further study with regard to their relationship with P. distans.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Puccinellia distans"
42 +, 28 +  and 14 +
membranous +  and scarious +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
obtuse to truncate +, obtuse +, acute +  and truncate +
Jerrold I. Davis +
(Jacq.) Pari +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
straight +
basal +  and terminal +
rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
not evident +
flat +  and involute +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
spikelike +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
European alkali grass +  and Puccinellie a fleurs distantes +
not branching +
erect +  and decumbent +
geniculate +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
not woody +
Pa. +, N.C. +, Conn. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Wash. +, W.Va. +, Del. +, Wis. +, Idaho +, Mont. +, Oreg. +, Wyo. +, N.Mex. +, Maine +, Nev. +, N.Dak. +, Nebr. +, Ariz. +, Colo. +, Iowa +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Ky. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Ohio +, S.Dak. +, Utah +, Calif. +, Va. +, Alaska +, Vt. +, Mass. +, R.I. +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Greenland +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +  and Mo. +
1/4 +  and 1/3 +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
2 +  and 7 +
sterile +  and bisexual +
compressed +
reduced +
usually distinctly shorter +
subtending +
rounded +
subequal +  and unequal +
membranous +
uncinate +
less +  and 1/3 +
(3)5(7)-veined +
hairy +  and glabrous +
keeled +  and rounded +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
membranous +  and slightly or distinctly coriaceous +
erose +  and entire +
obtuse to truncate +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
horizontal +  and descending +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br />) +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
well-developed +
2-keeled +
subequal +
membranous +  and scarious +
spikelike +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
1 +  and 60 +
subterete +  and weakly laterally compressed +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Puccinellia retroflexa +  and Puccinellia hauptiana +
Puccinellia distans +
Puccinellia +
species +
membranous +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
plant +, not mat-forming +  and cespitose +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +