familyRosaceae
subfamilyRosaceae subfam. Rosoideae
tribeRosaceae tribe Roseae
genusRosa
subgenusRosa subg. Rosa
sectionRosa sect. Gallicae
speciesRosa gallica

Rosa gallica

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 1: 492. 1753.

Walter H. Lewis, Barbara Ertter, Anne Bruneau
Common names: French or Gallic rose rose of Provence rosier de France
Introduced
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 88.

Stems: distal branches green to dull red; prickles internodal, curved, sometimes erect, rarely hooked, declined, 3–7 × 2–5 mm. Leaves: stipules subulate, 14–24 × 3–5 mm, auricles 4–10 mm, surfaces pubescent, eglandular; petiole and rachis with sparse pricklets, puberulent, densely stipitate-glandular; leaflets 5 (–7), terminal blade slightly rugose, base obtuse to subcordate, margins shallowly 1 (–2) -dentate-crenate, teeth 14–23 per side, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surfaces pale, gray green, sessile-glandular particularly on midveins, adaxial bluish green or dark green. Inflorescences 1–3 (–8) -flowered. Pedicels: bracts 1 or 2, caducous, lanceolate, 8–14 × 2–4 mm, margins ciliate, surfaces glabrous or pubescent, eglandular or stipitate-glandular. Flowers: hypanthium 5–7 × 3–5 (–7) mm, neck (0–) 1 × 3 mm; sepal tip 7 × 2 mm, erect or spreading; petals 27–35 × 20–30 mm [or larger]; styles exsert 2–4 mm beyond hypanthium orifice. Hips leathery. Achenes 3, 5 × 4–5 mm. 2n = 28.


Phenology: Flowering May–Jul.
Habitat: Waste areas, roadside thickets, railways, former house sites
Elevation: 0–500 m

Distribution

V9 130-distribution-map.jpg

Introduced; N.S., Ont., Que., Conn., Ill., Ind., Ky., La., Maine, Mass., Mich., Miss., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Vt., Va., Wis., c, s Europe, w Asia (Caucasus), w Asia (Iraq), also in Mexico (Oaxaca), Central America, South America, w Europe (Guernsey), s Africa, Australia

Discussion

Rosa ×centifolia Linnaeus (cabbage rose), long cultivated with about 500 ornamental cultivars known, is a probable hybrid of R. gallica × R. ×moschata Herrmann; it is not known to produce seed (P. V. Heath 1992). A. Bruneau et al. (2007) found that plastid DNA markers of R. gallica and R. ×centifolia are identical, indicating that R. gallica is the maternal parent. Rosa damascena Miller (Damask rose) also is close to R. ×centifolia and is thought to have the same parentage; if this proves true, then R. ×centifolia is the earlier name.

Rosa gallica is used as a tonic, mild astringent, and eye wash, and to treat bowel complaints and excessive mucous discharges. Petals of the closely related R. ×centifolia are collected for the distillation of ‘rose water,’ a laxative used also to treat infantile diseases (J. Lindley 1838).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Rosa gallica"
RDF feed
2n chromosome quantity
28 +
Abaxial surface architecture or function or pubescence
sessile-glandular +
Abaxial surface coloration
gray green +  and pale +
Abaxial surface pubescence
pubescent +  and glabrous +
Achene area
3 +  and 5×4-5 +
Achene arrangement
aggregated +
Adaxial surface coloration
dark green +  and bluish green +
Adaxial surface pubescence
glabrous +
Adaxial surface reflectance
dull +
Androecium position
perigynous +
Anther dehiscence
dehiscent +
Apex architecture or shape
emarginate +
Apex shape
acute;acuminate +
Auricle fusion
free +
Auricle orientation
erect +
Auricle shape
flared +
Auricle some measurement
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Author
Walter H. Lewis +, Barbara Ertter +  and Anne Bruneau +
Authority
Linnaeus +
Bark coloration
gray +, red +  and brown +
Bark relief
exfoliating +
Basal leaf architecture
compound +  and simple +
Basal leaf arrangement
opposite +  and alternate +
Base shape
obtuse +  and subcordate +
Blade atypical length
2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
Blade length
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +
Blade reflectance
lustrous +  and dull +
Blade relief
smooth +  and rugose +
Blade shape
ovate +  and narrowly elliptic +
Blade some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Blade texture
leathery +  and membranous +
Blade width
1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br /> (?) +  and 3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (?) +
Bract atypical quantity
3 (8) +
Bract duration
caducous +
Bract length
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
Bract presence
absent +
Bract quantity
2;1 +
Bract shape
lanceolate +
Bract width
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Bracteole presence
absent +
Carpel atypical quantity
35 (68) +
Carpel fusion
free +  and distinct +
Carpel quantity
30 (47) +
Common name
French or Gallic rose +, rose of Provence +  and rosier de France +
Corymb architecture
1-16(-50)-flowered +
Corymb architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Corymb quantity
few +
Distal branch coloration
Green (Dull red) +
Distal branch pubescence
stipitate-glandular +, setose +  and glabrous +
Distribution
N.S. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Conn. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wis. +, c +, s Europe +, w Asia (Caucasus) +, w Asia (Iraq) +, also in Mexico (Oaxaca) +, Central America +, South America +, w Europe (Guernsey) +, s Africa +  and Australia +
Drupe arrangement
not +  and aggregated +
Drupelet arrangement
aggregated +
Elevation
0–500 m +
Epicalyx bractlet presence
absent +
Flower diameter
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
Flower reproduction
unisexual +
Follicle arrangement
not +  and aggregated +
Fruit architecture
eglandular +  and glandular +
Fruit diameter
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (11 cm110 mm <br />0.11 m <br />) +
Fruit pubescence
glabrous +
Fruit quantity
1;50 +
Fruit shape
urceolate +, pyriform +, oblong +, ellipsoid +, ovoid-obovoid +  and globose +
Fruit structure subtype
accessory +
Fruits achene arrangement
aggregated +
Glomerule arrangement
fascicles +
Habitat
Waste areas, roadside thickets, railways, former house sites +
Hip coloration
dark red +
Hip length
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
Hip pubescence
stipitate-glandular +, setose +  and glabrous +
Hip reflectance
bright +
Hip shape
subglobose +  and globose +
Hip texture
leathery +
Hip width
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Hypanthial disc diameter
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Hypanthial disc shape
conic +
Hypanthium architecture
eglandular +
Hypanthium atypical some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Hypanthium atypical width
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Hypanthium coloration
purplish black +, purplish red +, orange-red +  and red +
Hypanthium duration
persistent +
Hypanthium length
5mm;7mm +
Hypanthium orifice diameter
2 +
Hypanthium pubescence
stipitate-glandular +  and glabrous +
Hypanthium shape
cupulate +
Hypanthium some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Hypanthium texture
leathery +  and fleshy +
Hypanthium width
3mm;5mm +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
John Myers +
Inflorescence architecture
1-3(-8)-flowered +
Inflorescence architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Inflorescence position
axillary +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Inflorescence pubescence
glabrous +
Inflorescence quantity
few +
Inflorescences panicle architecture
1-3(-8)-flowered +
Integument architecture
crassinucellate +
Integument quantity
2 +
Internodal prickle arrangement
mixed +
Internodal prickle course
curved +
Internodal prickle orientation
declined +  and erect +
Internodal prickle shape
hooked +
Introduced
true +
Leaf architecture
3-foliate +  and compound +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +
Leaf atypical some measurement
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br />) +
Leaf duration
persistent +  and deciduous +
Leaf some measurement
10.5 cm105 mm <br />0.105 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
Leaf texture
leathery +
Leaflet architecture
petiolulate +  and subsessile +
Leaflet atypical quantity
5 (7) +
Leaflet position
lateral +
Leaflet position or structure subtype
terminal +
Leaflet quantity
5 (?) +
Leaflet shape
elliptic +  and obovate more or less oblong obovate-elliptic lanceolate-elliptic or obovate-oblong +
Margin architecture
gland-tipped +
Margin architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Margin architecture or shape
entire +  and serrate +
Margin position or structure subtype
terminal +
Margin pubescence
stipitate-glandular +
Margin shape
1(-2)-dentate-crenate +
Neck atypical length
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Neck fusion
distinct +
Neck length
1 +
Neck width
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (?) +
Nectar disc presence
absent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Nutlet arrangement
aggregated +
Ovary position
inferior +  and superior +
Ovule arrangement
clustered +, biseriate +  and superposed +
Ovule atypical quantity
2 (5) +
Ovule position
apical +
Ovule quantity
1 +
Panicle architecture
1-16(-50)-flowered +
Panicle architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Panicle quantity
few +
Patch quantity
single +
Pedicel atypical some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Pedicel fragility or size
stout +
Pedicel orientation
erect +
Pedicel presence
absent +
Pedicel pubescence
stipitate-glandular +  and pubescent +
Pedicel some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
Perianth position
perigynous +
Petal atypical quantity
4 (?) +
Petal coloration
pink +  and crimson +
Petal fusion
free +  and distinct +
Petal length
27mm;35mm +
Petal quantity
5 +
Petal shape
obovate +
Petal width
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Petiole presence
absent +
Petiole pubescence
stipitate-glandular +  and puberulent +
Petiolule atypical some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Petiolule some measurement
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Phenology
Flowering May–Jul. +
Pistil atypical quantity
250 (450) +
Pistil fusion
adnate +, free +, connate +  and distinct +
Pistil quantity
1;250 +
Prickle course
curved +
Prickle length
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Prickle orientation
declined +  and erect +
Prickle position
internodal +
Prickle presence
absent +
Prickle shape
hooked +
Prickle width
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Pricklet count or density
sparse +
Publication title
Sp. Pl. +
Publication year
1753 +
Rachis pubescence
stipitate-glandular +  and puberulent +
Reference
None +
Rhizome length or size
long +
Rim width
0.5 +
Seed architecture
not arillate +
Seed atypical quantity
2 (12) +
Seed quantity
2;1 +
Sepal atypical quantity
5 (10) +
Sepal duration
deciduous +  and caducous +
Sepal fusion
free +  and distinct +
Sepal length
? (?) +
Sepal orientation
erect +  and reflexed +
Sepal quantity
5 +
Sepal shape
deltate +
Sepal tip length
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (?) +
Sepal tip orientation
spreading +  and erect +
Sepal tip width
2 +
Sepal width
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
Short-shoot length or size
long +
Short-shoot presence
absent +
Short-shoot pubescence
rarely densely puberulent +  and tomentose +
Smaller prickle some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V9/V9 130.xml +
Special status
Introduced +
Stamen atypical quantity
130 (220) +
Stamen fusion
free +  and distinct +
Stamen height or length or size
shorter +
Stamen quantity
35;220 +
Stem architecture
branched +  and simple +
Stem growth form
procumbent +  and climbing +
Stem orientation
arching +  and erect +
Stem quantity
1 +  and 20 +
Stigma architecture or shape
capitate +
Stipule architecture or shape
pinnate +
Stipule duration
caducous +
Stipule fusion
adnate +
Stipule length
1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br /> (2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br />) +
Stipule presence
absent +
Stipule shape
subulate +
Stipule size or width
narrow +
Stipule width
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Stylar orifice diameter
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Style duration
persistent +
Style fusion
free +
Style position
exsert +
Style position or structure subtype
terminal +
Style pubescence
glabrous +  and pilose +
Style shape
not elongate +
Style some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Surface architecture
eglandular +
Surface pubescence
stipitate-glandular +, pubescent +  and glabrous +
Taxon family
Rosaceae +
Taxon name
Rosa gallica +
Taxon parent
Rosa sect. Gallicae +
Taxon rank
species +
Terminal blade relief
rugose +
Tip length
prolonged +
Tooth quantity
14 (?) +  and 23 (?) +
Torus development
developed +
Torus presence
absent +
Torus prominence
inconspicuous +
Torus shape
conic +
Torus size
enlarged +  and small +
Volume
Volume 9 +
Whole organism architecture
rhizomatous +
Whole organism growth form
shrub +
Whole organism some measurement
1dm (50dm) +
X chromosome atypical quantity
8 +
X chromosome quantity
7 +