Rosa spinosissima

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 1: 491. 1753.

Common names: Burnet or Scots rose rosier pimprenelle
Introduced
Synonyms: Rosa illinoiensis Baker R. lutescens Pursh R. pimpinellifolia Linnaeus
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 94. Mentioned on page 104.

Prickles internodal, dense on main-stems, sparser on some flowering branches, paired or single, erect or ± curved, terete, 5–6 × 1–3 mm, mixed with shorter prickles and usually aciculi. Leaves: stipules 9–14 × 2–4 mm, auricles 2.5–5 mm, margins entire or serrate-glandular, surfaces glabrous; petiole and rachis with pricklets, pubescent, glandular; leaflets: blade oblong-ovate or suborbiculate, (5–) 7–9 (–11) × 5–8 mm, or broadly elliptic, 5–22 × 5–12 mm, base obtuse or rounded to broadly cuneate, margins 1-serrate, sometimes multi-serrate, teeth 8–12 per side, gland-tipped, apex obtuse to acute. Pedicels: bracts absent. Flowers: hypanthium 3–5 × 3–4 mm; sepal tip 2–3 mm, apex acuminate or caudate-acuminate; petals white, 15–25 × 14–23 mm; styles exsert 2 mm beyond stylar orifice of hypanthial disc. Achenes 8–12, dark tan, 4 × 2.5 mm. 2n = 28.


Phenology: Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat: Disturbed areas
Elevation: 0–500 m

Distribution

V9 140-distribution-map.jpg

Introduced; N.B., Ont., Que., Conn., Ill., Ind., Kans., Maine, Mass., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., Ohio, Tenn., Vt., Va., Wis., Europe, Asia (China), Asia (Japan), also in Atlantic Islands (Iceland), Pacific Islands (New Zealand)

Discussion

Rosa spinosissima hybridizes with other species of the genus. Some garden cultivars are more robust and glandular than wild types.

Rosa spinosissima is an erect, relatively low subshrub characterized by erect, relatively short stems with relatively long rhizomes forming dense patches. Stems extend to 10 dm with dense, intermixed internodal prickles and aciculi and lacking infrastipular prickles. Leaflets are relatively small and mostly 9–11; flowers are solitary and petals are white; inflorescences lack bracts; and hips are lustrous, blackish purple with erect, persistent sepals.

Using Rosa spinosissima as one parent, George Harison crossed R. ×foetida (Austrian brier rose) in his New York City garden in about 1830 to produce Harison's yellow rose, R. ×harisonii Rivers. This unique yellow flowering rose was planted widely as pioneers moved west across the plains where even today it has been found in Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Iowa, Nebraska, Nevada, Texas, Utah, and other states.

Of a group of medicinal plants tested for antioxidant properties, Rosa spinosissima, with the largest amounts of phenolic compounds, proved to have the highest radical scavenging activity and provided the highest peroxidation inhibition (A. Mavi et al. 2004).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Rosa spinosissima"
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (?) +
caudate-acuminate;acuminate;obtuse;acute +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Walter H. Lewis +, Barbara Ertter +  and Anne Bruneau +
Linnaeus +
gray +, red +  and brown +
exfoliating +
compound +  and simple +
opposite +  and alternate +
rounded +  and broadly cuneate +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br />) +
lustrous +  and dull +
smooth +  and rugose +
suborbiculate +  and oblong-ovate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
leathery +  and membranous +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +  and 1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (?) +
free +  and distinct +
Burnet or Scots rose +  and rosier pimprenelle +
1-16(-50)-flowered +
N.B. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Conn. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Kans. +, Maine +, Mass. +, Mo. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Ohio +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wis. +, Europe +, Asia (China) +, Asia (Japan) +, also in Atlantic Islands (Iceland) +  and Pacific Islands (New Zealand) +
not +  and aggregated +
0–500 m +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
not +  and aggregated +
eglandular +  and glandular +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (11 cm110 mm <br />0.11 m <br />) +
urceolate +, pyriform +, oblong +, ellipsoid +, ovoid-obovoid +  and globose +
Disturbed areas +
blackish purple +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br />) +
subglobose +  and globose +
leathery +  and fleshy +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
conic +  and flat +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
purplish black +, purplish red +, orange-red +  and red +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
leathery +  and fleshy +
1-16(-50)-flowered +
crassinucellate +
3-foliate +  and compound +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br />) +
persistent +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
membranous +
petiolulate +  and subsessile +
elliptic +  and obovate more or less oblong obovate-elliptic lanceolate-elliptic or obovate-oblong +
glandular +, eglandular +  and serrate +
multi-serrate +, 1-serrate +  and entire +
crenate +, incised +  and serrate +
distinct +
inferior +  and superior +
clustered +, biseriate +  and superposed +
1-16(-50)-flowered +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
free +  and distinct +
15mm;25mm +
obovate +
1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br /> (2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Flowering May–Jun. +
adnate +, free +, connate +  and distinct +
mixed +  and paired +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
not arillate +
persistent +
free +  and distinct +
ovatelanceolate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
rarely densely puberulent +  and tomentose +
Introduced +
free +  and distinct +
branched +  and simple +
procumbent +  and climbing +
1 +  and 20 +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
persistent +
not elongate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
glandular +  and eglandular +
Rosa illinoiensis +, R. lutescens +  and R. pimpinellifolia +
Rosa spinosissima +
Rosa sect. Pimpinellifoliae +
species +
prolonged +
gland-tipped +
8 (?) +  and 12 (?) +
inconspicuous +
enlarged +  and small +