Saccharum coarctatum

(Fernald) R.D. Webster
Common names: Compressed plumegrass
Endemic
Synonyms: Erianthus coarctatus
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 612.

Plants cespitose, not or shortly rhizomatous. Culms 1-2.5 m; nodes with 1-3 mm hairs. Sheaths glabrous; auricles 0.3-3 mm; ligules 1-2 mm; blades 15-40 cm long, 7-12 mm wide. Peduncles 35-45 cm, glabrous; panicles 3-7 cm wide, linear to oblong; rachises 13-35 cm, glabrous or sparsely pilose; primary branches 5-12 cm, appressed; rame internodes 3-6 mm, with hairs. Sessile spikelets 6-8 mm long, 0.9-1.2 mm wide, brown. Callus hairs 3-5 mm, from shorter than to equaling the spikelets, white or straw-colored; lower glumes smooth or scabrous, 5-veined; lower lemmas 5.8-7.5 mm, usually 3-veined; upper lemmas 4-5.5 mm, 0.7-0.8 times as long as the lower lemmas, 3-veined, entire; awns 16-26 mm, terete and straight to curving basally; lodicule veins extending into hairlike projections to 0.6 mm long; anthers 2. Pedicels 3-5 mm, sparsely and shortly pilose. Pedicellate spikelets similar to the sessile spikelets. 2n = 60.

Distribution

Md., Tex., Va., Del., N.C., Ala., Ga., S.C., Fla.

Discussion

Saccharum coarctatum is common in wet, peaty or sandy soils of swales, pond margins, and meadows of the coastal plain of the southeastern United States. It is unusual in having lodicule veins that extend into hairlike projections up to 0.6 mm long.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number."-0.8timesaslongasthelowerlemmas" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Saccharum coarctatum"
anatomy +  and kranz +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Robert D. Webster +
(Fernald) R.D. Webster +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
straight +  and curving +
terete +
1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
divergent +  and parallel +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
pseudopetiolate +
well-developed +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
usually linear +  and lanceolate occasionally ovate +
reduced +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
spikelike +
straw-colored +  and white +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Compressed plumegrass +
purple +  and reddish +
100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br /> (250 cm2,500 mm <br />2.5 m <br />) +
not woody +
Md. +, Tex. +, Va. +, Del. +, N.C. +, Ala. +, Ga. +, S.C. +  and Fla. +
capillary +
sometimes longer +
concealing +
compressed +  and terete +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
villous +  and glabrous +
2-keeled +
subequal +
chartaceous +  and coriaceous +
uncinate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
bracteate +  and ebracteate +
pedunculate +  and multiple-stalked +
ascending +  and appressed +
axillary +  and subtending +
solid +  and hollow +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
photosynthetic +
not aromatic +
coriaceous +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
0.58 cm5.8 mm <br />0.0058 m <br /> (0.75 cm7.5 mm <br />0.0075 m <br />) +
complex +  and simple +
concealed +  and prominent +
pedicellate +
linear +  and oblong +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
35 cm350 mm <br />0.35 m <br /> (?) +  and 45 cm450 mm <br />0.45 m <br /> (?) +
dry +  and fleshy +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
pilose +  and glabrous +
elongate +
stoloniferous +
pedicellate +  and sessile +
in triplets +  and paired +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
2 +, 1 +  and numerous +
compressed +
usually smaller +  and reduced +
0.9mm +  and 1.2mm +
1 +  and 3 +
fused +  and free +
2 +  and 3 +
dome--shaped +  and triangular +
Erianthus coarctatus +
Saccharum coarctatum +
Saccharum +
species +
membranous +
sessile-pedicellate +
awned +, muticous +, bidentate +  and entire +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br />) +
not raised +
plant +  and cespitose +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +