familyPoaceae
subfamilyPoaceae subfam. Panicoideae
tribePoaceae tribe Paniceae
genusSetaria
subgenusSetaria subg. Ptychophyllum
speciesSetaria megaphylla

Setaria megaphylla

(Steud.) T. Durand & Schinz
James M. Rominger
Common names: Bigleaf bristlegrass
Introduced
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 543.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Annaliese Miller, Linda A. Vorobik

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants perennial. Culms 100-200 cm, nodes villous. Sheaths sparsely strigose or glabrous; ligules about 2 mm, of hairs; blades 40-60 cm long, 20-80 mm wide, strongly plicate, with scattered hairs on each surface. Panicles 30-60 cm, lanceoloid; branches 2-5 cm, stiff; bristles solitary, usually present only below the terminal spikelet on each branch, occasionally below non-terminal spikelets, 1-1.5 cm. Spikelets 3-3.5 mm. Lower glumes 1/2 as long as the spikelets, 3-veined; upper glumes 2/3 as long as the spikelets, 5-7-veined; lower lemmas equaling the upper lemmas, 5-veined; lower paleas absent or reduced to a small scale; upper lemmas about 3 mm, nearly smooth, shiny. 2n = 54.

Distribution

Fla., La.

Discussion

Setaria megaphylla is a species of tropical Africa and tropical America that has become established in Florida. Hitchcock (1951) stated that S. poiretiana (Schult.) Kunth was occasionally cultivated in the United States, but he was referring to S. megaphylla.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Setaria megaphylla"
RDF feed
2n chromosome quantity
54 +
Abaxial ligule presence
absent +
Abaxial ligule quantity
common +
Adaxial cell presence
absent +
Adaxial cell shape
bulliform +
Adaxial ligule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Adaxial ligule presence
absent +
Adaxial ligule texture
membranous +
Anther quantity
3 +
Anther shape
not penicillate +
Arm cell presence
absent +
Arm cell quantity
anatomy +  and kranz +
Auricle presence
absent +
Author
James M. Rominger +
Authority
(Steud.) T. Durand & Schinz +
Awn atypical quantity
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Awn orientation
arising +
Awn quantity
single +
Back shape
keeled +  and rounded +
Base architecture
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
Base arrangement
divergent +  and parallel +
Base position
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
Base size
swelling +
Base texture
membranous +
Base width
thick +
Blade architecture
petiolate +
Blade architecture or arrangement
non-radiate +  and radiate +
Blade architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation
plicate +
Blade architecture or shape
folded +
Blade length
40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
Blade position
adaxial +
Blade prominence or shape
flat +
Blade shape
usually linear +  and lanceolate occasionally ovate +
Blade shape or vernation
involute +
Blade width
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
Branch architecture
secund +
Branch fragility
stiff +
Branch height or length or size
short +
Branch quantity
single +
Branch shape
spikelike +
Branch some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
Bristle architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Bristle duration
persistent +
Bristle presence
absent +
Bristle quantity
1;several +
Bristle shape
Terete (?) +
Bristle some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Callus development
not developed +
Caryopsis architecture or shape
cleft +
Caryopsis presence
absent +
Caryopsis shape
compressed +, ellipsoid +  and subglobose +
Caryopsis size
small +
Cilium length or size
sometimes longer +
Common name
Bigleaf bristlegrass +
Culm architecture
branched +  and solid +
Culm architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Culm duration
annual +
Culm growth form
climbing +
Culm growth form or location
floating +
Culm growth form or orientation
decumbent +
Culm orientation
decumbent +  and erect +
Culm some measurement
100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br /> (200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br />) +
Culm texture
woody +
Distal cell length or size
long +
Distal cell size or width
narrow +
Distribution
Fla. +  and La. +
Embryo quantity
1/2 +
Embryo shape
waisted +
Embryo size
large +
Endosperm texture
hard +
Filament shape
capillary +
Flap character
germination +
Floret architecture
pistillate +  and staminate +
Floret arrangement
adjacent +
Floret atypical quantity
3 +
Floret length or size
sometimes longer +
Floret palea development
well-developed +
Floret palea presence
absent +
Floret palea size
reduced +
Floret quantity
2 +
Floret reproduction
bisexual +
Floret shape
compressed +  and terete +
Fusoid cell presence
absent +
Glume architecture or shape
awned +
Glume height or length or size
shorter +
Glume length or size
shorter or longer +
Glume position
subtending +
Glume quantity
2 +
Glume size
unequal +
Glume texture
membranous +
Glume variability
equal +
Hair architecture or shape
awned +
Hair arrangement
scattered +
Hair quantity
lacking +
Hair shape
uncinate +
Hilum arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Hilum coloration or relief
punctate +
Illustration
Present +
Illustration copyright
Utah State University +
Illustrator
Linda A. Vorobik +  and Annaliese Miller +
Inflorescence architecture
bracteate +  and ebracteate +
Inflorescence position
axillary +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Internode architecture
solid +  and hollow +
Internode length
elongated +
Layer presence
absent +
Leaf arrangement
distichous +
Leaf margin arrangement
Overlapping (?) +
Leaf position
cauline +  and basal +
Lemma architecture or shape
awned +
Lemma coloration
hyaline +
Lemma texture
coriaceous +
Ligule architecture or pubescence or shape
of hairs +  and ciliate +
Ligule presence
absent +
Ligule some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
Ligule texture
membranous +
Lodicule fusion
free +
Lodicule height or length or size
short +
Lodicule presence
absent +
Lodicule prominence
inconspicuous +
Lodicule pubescence
glabrous +
Lodicule quantity
2 +
Lodicule shape
cuneate +
Lodicule texture
fleshy +
Lower floret architecture
staminate +
Lower floret reproduction
sterile +
Lower floret size
reduced +
Lower glume architecture
3-veined +
Lower glume architecture or shape
not saccate +
Lower glume quantity
1/2 +
Lower glume texture
membranous +
Lower lemma architecture
5-veined +
Lower lemma presence
absent +
Lower lemma size
not constricted +
Lower lemma texture
indurate +  and membranous +
Lower lemma variability
rarely exceeding the upper lemmas +  and equaling +
Lower palea coloration
hyaline +
Lower palea presence
absent +
Lower palea size
reduced +
Lower palea texture
membranous +
Margin arrangement
separated +
Margin coloration
hyaline +
Margin prominence or shape
flat +
Margin shape or vernation
involute +
Microhair presence
absent +
Midrib architecture
complex +  and simple +
Node prominence
concealed +  and prominent +
Node pubescence
villous +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Other quantity
2 +  and 1 +
Ovary presence
absent +
Ovary pubescence
glabrous +
Palea shape
keeled +
Panicle architecture
open +
Panicle architecture or fragility
loose +
Panicle density
dense +
Panicle location
subterranean +
Panicle shape
lanceoloid +
Panicle some measurement
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
Papilla presence
absent +
Pedicel quantity
1 +
Pericarp arrangement
separating +
Pericarp condition or texture
dry +
Pericarp texture
dry +  and fleshy +
Rachis prominence
evident +
Reference
None +
Scale size
small +
Secondary position
higher +
Sheath architecture
open +
Sheath condition
closed +
Sheath pubescence
glabrous +  and strigose +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V25/V25 1392.xml +
Special status
Introduced +
Spike architecture
complex +
Spike arrangement
bisexual +
Spike reproduction
unisexual +
Spikelet architecture
subsessile +  and short pedicellate +
Spikelet arrangement
in triplets +  and paired +
Spikelet character
length +
Spikelet condition
intact +
Spikelet fixation
attached +
Spikelet life cycle
falling +
Spikelet presence
absent +
Spikelet quantity
1 +  and 60 +
Spikelet reproduction
unisexual +  and bisexual +
Spikelet shape
acuminate +
Spikelet size
slender +
Spikelet some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
Spikelet variability
varying +
Stamen quantity
1 +  and 3 +
Starch-grain architecture
simple +
Stigma coloration
red +
Style-branch arrangement
close +
Style-branch atypical quantity
4 +  and 1 +
Style-branch fusion
fused +  and free +
Style-branch quantity
2 (?) +
Style coloration
red +  and white +
Style fusion
fused +  and free +
Style quantity
2 +
Subsidiary-cell shape
dome--shaped +  and triangular +
Synonyms
Gramineae +
Taxon family
Poaceae +
Taxon name
Setaria megaphylla +
Taxon parent
Setaria subg. Ptychophyllum +
Taxon rank
species +
Terminal spikelet position
subtending +
Tissue coloration
hyaline +
Tissue texture
membranous +
Upper floret reproduction
bisexual +
Upper glume architecture
5-7-veined +
Upper glume presence
absent +
Upper glume quantity
2/3 +
Upper glume size
subequal +
Upper glume texture
membranous +  and herbaceous +
Upper lemma architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Upper lemma life cycle
maturity +
Upper lemma quantity
1/2 +
Upper lemma reflectance
shiny +
Upper lemma relief
rugose +
Upper lemma some measurement
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (?) +
Upper lemma texture
indurate +
Upper lemma variability
equaling +
Upper palea architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Upper palea relief
rugose +
Upper palea texture
indurate +
Vein life cycle
maturity +
Vein presence
absent +
Vein quantity
2 (?) +
Vein shape
not keeled +
Vein size
reduced +
Volume
Volume 25 +
Whole-organism duration
perennial +
Whole-organism fragility
robust +
Whole organism architecture
rhizomatous +
Whole organism arrangement or pubescence
tufted +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
plant +
Whole organism growth form or habitat
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
Whole organism growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Whole organism reproduction
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +
Whole organism variability
various +
X chromosome atypical quantity
14 +, 12 +  and 7 +
X chromosome quantity
9 +