Sisymbrium irio

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 2: 659. 1753.

WeedyIntroduced
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 670. Mentioned on page 668.

Annuals; glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Stems erect, branched proximally and distally, (1–) 2–6 (–7.5) dm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent at least basally. Basal leaves not rosulate; petiole (0.5–) 1–4.5 (–6) cm; blade oblanceolate or oblong (in outline), (1.5–) 3–12 (–15) cm × (5–) 10–60 (–90) mm, margins runcinate to pinnatisect; lobes (1–) 2–6 (–8) on each side, oblong or lanceolate, smaller than terminal lobe, margins entire, dentate, or lobed. Cauline leaves similar to basal; (distalmost) blade (smaller, to 2 cm wide), margins entire or 1–3-lobed. Fruiting pedicels divaricate or ascending, slender, much narrower than fruit, (5–) 7–12 (–20) mm. Flowers: sepals erect, oblong, 2–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm; petals oblong-oblanceolate, 2.5–3.5 (–4) × 1–1.5 mm, claw 1–1.5 mm; filaments 2.5–4 mm; anthers ovate, 0.5–0.9 mm. Fruits (divaricate to ascending, young fruits overtopping flowers), narrowly linear, straight or slightly curved inward, slightly torulose, slender, (2.5–) 3–4 (–5) cm × 0.9–1.1 mm; valves glabrous; ovules 40–90 per ovary; style 0.2–0.5 mm; stigma prominently 2-lobed. Seeds 0.8–1 × 0.5–0.6 mm. 2n = 14.


Phenology: Flowering Dec–May.
Habitat: Rocky slopes, orchards, roadsides, fields, pastures, waste grounds, prairies, disturbed sites
Elevation: 0-1700 m

Distribution

V7 1148-distribution-map.gif

Introduced; Ariz., Calif., Colo., Conn., Fla., Idaho, Mass., Mich., Nev., N.Mex., Ohio, Pa., Tex., Utah, Wyo., Europe, w, c Asia, n Africa, also in South America, Australia

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"elongated" is not a number."elongated" is not a number."thick" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Sisymbrium irio"
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br />) +
Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz +
Linnaeus +
appendaged +  and unappendaged +
12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
not auriculate +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
lobed +, runcinate +, lyrate +, sinuate +  and dentate +
oblong;oblanceolate +
much smaller +  and reduced +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
urceolate +, campanulate +  and tubular +
branched +  and simple +
sessile +  and petiolate +
well-developed +
distinct +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
differentiated +
emarginate +  and entire +
Ariz. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Fla. +, Idaho +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Nev. +, N.Mex. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Wyo. +, Europe +, w +, c Asia +, n Africa +, also in South America +  and Australia +
0-1700 m +
straight +  and curved +
not winged +  and unappendaged +
connate +  and distinct +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
actinomorphic +
stipitate +  and sessile +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
curved +, straight +  and linear +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
torulose +
slender +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br />) +
Rocky slopes, orchards, roadsides, fields, pastures, waste grounds, prairies, disturbed sites +
sessile +  and petiolate +
alternate +, not +  and rosulate +
cauline +  and basal +
connate +  and distinct +
lanceolate +  and oblong +
smaller +
1-3-lobed;entire;lobed;dentate;lobed;dentate;runcinate;pinnatisect +
much narrower +
conspicuous +  and prominent +
tenuinucellate +, crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
campylotropous +  and anatropous +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
2.5mm;3.5mm +
rudimentary +
oblong-oblanceolate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
Flowering Dec–May. +
trinucleate +  and 3(-11)-colpate +
erect +  and ascending +
stout +  and slender +
mucilaginous +
aseriate +, biseriate +  and uniseriate +
not +  and mucilaginous +
white +, black +, brown +  and yellow +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
persistent +  and caducous +
distinct +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
reduced +
latiseptate +, schizocarpic +, samaroid +  and lomentaceous +
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
angustiseptate +, flat +, angled +, terete +, torulose +, not +, segmented +  and nutletlike +
Weedy +  and Introduced +
tetradynamous +
procumbent +  and decumbent +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
subsessile +, sessile +  and petiolate +
persistent +
distinct +
subclavate +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
Chamaeplium +, Norta +, Pachypodium +, Schoenocrambe +  and Velarum +
Sisymbrium irio +
Sisymbrium +
species +
scale-like +  and forked +
coiled +, 1-7-veined +  and veined +
anastomosing +
conspicuous +  and prominent +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +
aquatics +  and terrestrial +
glabrous +  and pubescent +