Sisymbrium polyceratium

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 2: 658. 1753.

Introduced
Synonyms: Chamaeplium polyceratium (Linnaeus) Wallroth
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 669. Mentioned on page 666, 667.

Annuals; (densely leafy throughout); often glabrous. Stems (simple or few to several from base), erect or ascending to subprostrate, branched distally, 1–5 (–7) dm, glabrous. Basal leaves (soon withered); initially rosulate; petiole (1–) 2–5 (–6.5) cm; blade oblanceolate to lanceolate (in outline), 2–7 (–10) cm × 10–30 (–45) mm, margins sinuate or runcinate-pinnatifid to coarsely dentate; lobes 3–6 on each side, often triangular, slightly smaller than terminal lobe, margins dentate or subentire. Cauline leaves (sometimes bracts, several), similar to basal, (shortly petiolate); blade margins dentate or subentire, (surfaces glabrous or sparsely puberulent at and near margin). (Inflorescences 2–4 (–6) -fasciculate, or flowers solitary and axillary, bracteate throughout.) Fruiting pedicels ascending to erect, stout, narrower than fruit base, 0.5–1 (–2) mm. Flowers: sepals erect, oblong, 1–1.5 × 0.3–0.5 mm; petals spatulate, 1.5–2 × 0.4–0.6 mm, claw 0.6–1 mm; filaments (erect, yellowish), 1.2–1.7mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. Fruits (erect to ascending), subulate-linear, recurved, straight, slightly torulose, stout (widest at base), 1–2 (–2.3) cm × 0.9–1.7 mm; valves usually glabrous, rarely puberulent; ovules 20–44 (–54) per ovary; style 0.5–1 mm; stigma slightly 2-lobed. Seeds 0.7–1 × 0.4–0.5 mm. 2n = 28.


Phenology: Flowering Mar–Jun.
Habitat: Waste grounds, disturbed sites, roadsides
Elevation: 0-200 m

Distribution

V7 1146-distribution-map.gif

Introduced; Pa., Tex., Europe, w, c Asia, nw Africa

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

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... more about "Sisymbrium polyceratium"
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz +
Linnaeus +
appendaged +  and unappendaged +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
not auriculate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
subentire +  and dentate +
oblanceolate;lanceolate +
much smaller +  and reduced +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
urceolate +, campanulate +  and tubular +
branched +  and simple +
sessile +  and petiolate +
well-developed +
distinct +
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
differentiated +
emarginate +  and entire +
Pa. +, Tex. +, Europe +, w +, c Asia +  and nw Africa +
0-200 m +
straight +  and curved +
not winged +  and unappendaged +
connate +  and distinct +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
ascending +  and erect +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br />) +
stipitate +  and sessile +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br />) +
straight +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
torulose +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br />) +
Waste grounds, disturbed sites, roadsides +
sessile +  and petiolate +
alternate +, not +  and rosulate +
cauline +  and basal +
connate +  and distinct +
triangular +
slightly smaller +
entire +  and dentate +
subentire;dentate;runcinate-pinnatifid;coarsely dentate +
conspicuous +  and prominent +
tenuinucellate +, crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
campylotropous +  and anatropous +
1.5mm;2mm +
rudimentary +
spatulate +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
Flowering Mar–Jun. +
trinucleate +  and 3(-11)-colpate +
erect +  and ascending +
stout +  and slender +
mucilaginous +
aseriate +, biseriate +  and uniseriate +
not +  and mucilaginous +
white +, black +, brown +  and yellow +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
persistent +  and caducous +
distinct +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
reduced +
latiseptate +, schizocarpic +, samaroid +  and lomentaceous +
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
angustiseptate +, flat +, angled +, terete +, torulose +, not +, segmented +  and nutletlike +
Introduced +
tetradynamous +
procumbent +  and decumbent +
ascending +  and erect +
subsessile +, sessile +  and petiolate +
persistent +
distinct +
subclavate +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Chamaeplium polyceratium +
Sisymbrium polyceratium +
Sisymbrium +
species +
scale-like +  and forked +
coiled +, 1-7-veined +  and veined +
puberulent +  and glabrous +
anastomosing +
conspicuous +  and prominent +
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +
aquatics +  and terrestrial +
glabrous +  and pubescent +