Sporobolus pyramidatus

(Lam.) Hitchc.
Common names: Whorled dropseed
Synonyms: Sporobolus pulvinatus Sporobolus patens Sporobolus argutus
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 119.

Plants annual, or short-lived perennials flowering in the first-year; cespitose, not rhizomatous. Culms 7-35 (60) cm, erect or decumbent. Sheaths rounded below, margins and apices hairy, hairs to 3 mm; ligules 0.3-1 mm; blades 2-12 (20) cm long, 2-6 mm wide, flat, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial surface scabridulous, sometimes sparsely hispid, margins ciliate-pectinate. Panicles 4-15 (18) cm long, 0.3-6 cm wide, open (contracted when immature), pyramidal; lower nodes with 7-12 (15) branches; primary branches 0.5-4.5 cm, spreading 30-90° from the rachis, with elongated glands, without spikelets on the lower 1/3 – 1/2, secondary branches appressed; pedicels 0.1-0.5 mm, appressed. Spikelets 1.2-1.8 mm, plumbeous or brownish, often secund along the branch. Glumes unequal, ovate to obovate, membranous; lower glumes 0.3-0.7 mm, without midveins; upper glumes 1.2-1.8 mm, at least 2/3 as long as the florets, often longer; lemmas 1.2-1.7 mm, ovate to elliptic, membranous, glabrous, acute; paleas 1.1-1.6 mm, ovate to elliptic, membranous, glabrous; anthers 0.2-0.4 mm, yellowish or purplish. Fruits 0.6-1 mm, obovoid, faintly striate, light brownish. 2n = 24, 36, 54.

Distribution

Puerto Rico, Md., Kans., Okla., Colo., N.Mex., Tex., La., Pa., Mo., Nebr., N.Y., Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Ill., Utah, Virgin Islands, Ariz., Fla., Ark.

Discussion

Sporobolus pyramidatus is native to the Americas, extending from the southern United States to Argentina. It grows in disturbed soils, roadsides, railways, coastal sands, and alluvial slopes in many plant communities, at elevations from 0-1500 m. Morphologically, it is very similar to the Eastern Hemisphere S. coromandelianus (Retz.) Kunth, suggesting that they are closely related.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Sporobolus pyramidatus"
54 +, 36 +  and 24 +
quadrangular +, fusiform +, obovoid +  and ellipsoid +
purplish +  and yellowish +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
Paul M. Peterson +, Stephan L. Hatch +  and Alan S. Weakley +
(Lam.) Hitchc. +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
multiple +, , +  and single +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
not fused +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
membranous +
not pseudopetiolate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
spikelike +
triangular +  and dome--shaped +
sometimes longer +
membranous +
Whorled dropseed +
decumbent +  and erect +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (35 cm350 mm <br />0.35 m <br />) +
not woody +
Puerto Rico +, Md. +, Kans. +, Okla. +, Colo. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, La. +, Pa. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.Y. +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Ill. +, Utah +, Virgin Islands +, Ariz. +, Fla. +  and Ark. +
not waisted +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
bisexual +  and fertile +
round +  and compressed +
reduced +
light brownish +
obovoid +
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
elongated +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
ovate +  and obovate +
unequal +
membranous +
uncinate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
paniculate +  and racemose +
hollow +  and solid +
not absent +
acute +, ovate +  and elliptic +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br />) +
membranous +
sometimes longer +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
inconspicuous +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br />) +
ciliate-pectinate +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
ovate +  and elliptic +
0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br />) +
membranous +
4cm +  and 15cm +
pyramidal +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
mucilaginous +
adherent +  and free +
dry +  and fleshy +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
spikelike +
brownish +  and plumbeous +
1 +  and 60 +
rounded +  and laterally compressed +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
compound +  and simple +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Sporobolus pulvinatus +, Sporobolus patens +  and Sporobolus argutus +
Sporobolus pyramidatus +
Sporobolus +
species +
membranous +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
quadrangular +, fusiform +, obovoid +  and ellipsoid +
7 (?) +  and 13 (?) +
stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
short-lived +  and annual +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +