Styrax redivivus

(Torrey) L. C. Wheeler

Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 44: 94. 1946 (as rediviva) ,.

Common names: Snowdrop bush California styrax bitternut
Basionym: Darlingtonia rediviva Torrey Proc. Amer. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 4: 191. 1851
Synonyms: Styrax californicus Torrey Styrax californicus var. fulvescens Eastwood Styrax officinalis var. californicus (Torrey) Rehder Styrax officinalis var. fulvescens (Eastwood) Munz & I. M. Johnston
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 345. Mentioned on page 341.

Shrubs, to 4 m, not suckering from roots. Leaves: petiole 3–14 mm; blade with (6–) 7–8 (–9) secondary-veins, broadly elliptic, ovate, obovate, or orbiculate, 3–7.5 (–11.7) × 2.5–6.5 (–8.8) cm, margins entire, longest arms of abaxial hairs 0.1–0.4 mm. False-terminal inflorescences 2–6-flowered or solitary flower, 2–5 cm; axillary flowers absent. Pedicels 4–9 mm, 0.5–1.4 times as long as calyx. Flowers: calyx 4–7 × 5–7 mm; corolla 16–26 mm, tube 5–6 mm, lobes 5–7 (–8), imbricate in bud, slightly reflexed, elliptic, 10–21 × 4–7 mm; filaments connate 2–7 mm beyond adnation to corolla. Capsules globose, 11–15 × 10–12 mm (broader when 2–3-seeded), tawny or fulvous stellate-pubescent, at least when mature, dehiscent nearly or completely to proximal end, broadly exposing seed (s); fruit wall 0.3–0.5 mm thick. 2n = 16.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–May; fruiting Aug–Oct.
Habitat: Chaparral, foothill woodland, yellow pine forest
Elevation: 0-1500 m

Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Styrax redivivus has often been treated as an infraspecific taxon in S. officinalis Linnaeus of the eastern Mediterranean region. Morphological and molecular data (P. W. Fritsch 1996, 1999, 2001) provide evidence that strongly supports its species status. These data also establish the Texas species S. platanifolius as the closest relative of S. redivivus, and the two species together form a clade that is sister to S. officinalis.

Characters used to justify recognition of var. fulvescens of southern California have been shown to be clinal from north to south across the range of Styrax redivivus (P. W. Fritsch 1996b) and are here considered taxonomically inconsequential.

Another binomial sometimes used for Styrax redivivus is S. californicus, but this name does not have priority, having been published two years later than the basionym Darlingtonia rediviva (that generic name was applied later by Torrey to the genus of pitcher plants and is now conserved). Styrax californicus is a superfluous name, based on the same type as Darlingtonia rediviva.

Although Styrax redivivus extends from Shasta County to San Diego County, its occurrence is sporadic and infrequent. The ecological factors involved in the maintenance of this species, such as seed ecology, fire tolerance, and habitat requirements, are poorly known (P. W. Fritsch 1996b).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"lengthofcorolla" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."-1.4timesaslongascalyx" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Styrax redivivus"
nearly +  and distinct +
perigynous;epigynous +
Peter W. Fritsch +
(Torrey) L. C. Wheeler +
Darlingtonia rediviva +
indistinct +
7.5 cm75 mm <br />0.075 m <br /> (11.7 cm117 mm <br />0.117 m <br />) +
6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br /> (8.8 cm88 mm <br />0.088 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (7.5 cm75 mm <br />0.075 m <br />) +
orbiculate;obovate;orbiculate;obovate;ovate;elliptic +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
fulvous +  and tawny +
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
stellate-pubescent +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Snowdrop bush +, California styrax +  and bitternut +
subinduplicate-valvate +  and imbricate +
1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +
0-1500 m +
curved +  and straight +
solitary +  and 2-6-flowered +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
not winged +, nutlike +, 3-valved +  and capsular +
loculicidal +
ellipsoid;globose +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
Chaparral, foothill woodland, yellow pine forest +
conspicuous +
5 (?) +  and 7 (?) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
lobed +, denticulate +  and toothed +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
perigynous;epigynous +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
Flowering Apr–May +  and fruiting Aug–Oct. +
connate +, distinct +  and free +
Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. +
ellipsoid;globose +
2(-4) times number of corolla lobes +
2-4[-5]-lobed +  and truncate +
Styrax californicus +, Styrax californicus var. fulvescens +, Styrax officinalis var. californicus +  and Styrax officinalis var. fulvescens +
Styrax redivivus +
species +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
shrub +  and not suckering +