familyUlmaceae
genusUlmus

Ulmus pumila

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 1: 226. 1753.

Common names: Siberian elm
Synonyms: Ulmus campestris var. pumila Maximowicz Ulmus manshurica Nakai Ulmus turkestanica Requien
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.

Trees, 15 to 30 m; crowns open. Bark gray to brown, deeply furrowed with interlacing ridges. Wood brittle. Branches not winged; twigs gray-brown, pubescent. Buds dark-brown, ovoid, glabrous; scales light-brown, shiny, glabrous to slightly pubescent. Leaves: petiole 2-4 mm, glabrous. Leaf-blade narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 2-6.5 × 2-3.5 cm, base generally not oblique, margins singly serrate, apex acute; surfaces abaxially with some pubescence in axils of veins, adaxially glabrous; lateral-veins forking to 3 times per side. Inflorescences tightly clustered fascicles, 6-15-flowered, 0.5 cm, flowers and fruits not pendulous, sessile. Flowers: calyx shallowly lobed, lobes 4-5, glabrous; stamens 4-8; anthers brownish red; stigmas green, lobes exserted. Samaras yellow-cream, orbiculate, 10-14 mm diam., broadly winged, glabrous, tip notched 1/3-1/2 its length. Seeds thickened, not inflated. 2n = 28.


Phenology: Flowering late winter–early spring.
Habitat: Commonly escaping from cultivation, waste places, roadsides, fencerows
Elevation: 0-2200 m

Distribution

V3 1102-distribution-map.gif

N.B., Ont., Que., Ala., Ariz., Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., D.C., Fla., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Pa., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Va., Wis., Wyo., Asia

Discussion

Ulmus pumila probably occurs in Vermont and West Virginia, but it has not been documented for those states.

Planted for quick-growing windbreaks, Ulmus pumila has weak wood, and its branches break easily in mature trees. It is easily distinguished from other North American elms by its singly serrate leaf margins. Ulmus pumila is similar to U. parvifolia Jacquin with its small, singly serrate leaves. Ulmus parvifolia, however, has smooth bark that sheds from tan to orange, and it flowers and sets fruit in the fall.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Ulmus pumila"
brownish red +
longitudinal +
Susan L. Sherman-Broyles +
Linnaeus +
gray;brown +
smooth +  and deeply fissured +
rounded;cuneate +
slender;stout +
dark-brown +
thick-walled +
Siberian elm +
subsessile +  and pedunculate +
N.B. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, Nev. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Va. +, Wis. +, Wyo. +  and Asia +
0-2200 m +
curved +  and straight +
absent;scanty +
sigmoid +  and curved +
distinct +  and free +
not pendulous +
not pendulous +
Commonly escaping from cultivation, waste places, roadsides, fencerows +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +
pinnate +  and palmate-pinnate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br />) +
narrowly elliptic;lanceolate +
distichous +  and alternate +
deciduous +
toothed +, crenate +  and serrate +
amphitropous +, anatropous +  and pendulous +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Flowering late winter–early spring. +
2(-3)-carpellate +
subsessile +  and pedunculate +
interlacing +
yellow-cream +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
orbiculate +
light-brown +
glabrous +  and slightly pubescent +
not inflated +
valvate +  and imbricate +
persistent +
hypogynous +
persistent +
distinct +
2-lobed +
Ulmus campestris var. pumila +, Ulmus manshurica +  and Ulmus turkestanica +
Ulmus pumila +
species +
1/3;1/2 +
notched +
gray-brown +