View source for Crataegus rivulopugnensis

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Crataegus rivulopugnensis
|accepted_authority=J. B. Phipps & O’Kennon
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas
|place=1: 1070, plates 5c, 7.2d, fig. 17. 2007
|year=2007
}}
|common_names=Battle Creek hawthorn
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Rosaceae;Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae;Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae;Crataegus;Crataegus sect. Unassigned;Crataegus (sect. Unassigned) ser. Montaninsulae;Crataegus rivulopugnensis
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Rosaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Crataegus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Crataegus sect. Unassigned]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>series</small>[[Crataegus (sect. Unassigned) ser. Montaninsulae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Crataegus rivulopugnensis]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 9
|mention_page=page 633, 634
|treatment_page=page 635
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism some measurement;whole_organism size;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism some measurement;whole_organism size;whole_organism growth form;sun architecture"><b>Shrubs </b>or trees, 20–50 dm, slender unless in full sun.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="growth life cycle;growth coloration;growth life cycle;growth pubescence;growth coloration;growth coloration;growth coloration;growth coloration;growth coloration;growth life cycle;growth position;growth coloration"><b>Stems:</b> twigs: new growth color not recorded, sparsely pubescent young, glabrescent, 1-year old deep reddish or deep purple-brown, 2-years old mid brown;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="thorn course;twig size">thorns on twigs moderate to very frequent, straight to recurved, 1-year old bright, shiny, dark redbrown, slender, 2.5–4 (–5) cm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="petiole length;gland quantity;gland size;adaxial sulcus pubescence"><b>Leaves:</b> petiole length 25–30% blade, sessile-glandular, glands few to several, small, adaxial sulcus pubescent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="blade shape;blade some measurement;blade life cycle;base shape;lobe quantity;lobe quantity;lobe apex shape;margin architecture or shape;margin architecture or shape;vein quantity;vein prominence;apex shape;abaxial surface pubescence;abaxial surface life cycle;adaxial surface pubescence or relief;adaxial surface life cycle;adaxial surface pubescence;adaxial surface pubescence or relief;adaxial surface life cycle">blade broadly elliptic to ovate, 4–6 cm mature, base cuneate to broadly cuneate or rounded, lobes 3 or 4 per side, max LII 15–25%, lobe apex acute, margins serrulate or crenate-serrate, veins 5–8 per side, slightly impressed, apex acute, abaxial surface glabrous young, vein-axils sometimes with axillary tufts, adaxial sparsely to moderately scabrous young, glabrate to sparsely scabrous mature.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="inflorescence architecture"><b>Inflorescences </b>5–15-flowered;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="branch pubescence">branches sparsely to moderately pilose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="bracteole quantity;bracteole life cycle;bracteole coloration;bracteole size or width;margin architecture or function or pubescence">bracteoles few, even young, light-brown, very narrow, margins glandular.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="flower diameter"><b>Flowers </b>16 mm diam.;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="hypanthium pubescence;hypanthium pubescence">hypanthium glabrous or ± pilose proximally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="sepal coloration;sepal shape;sepal some measurement;edge coloration;abaxial surface pubescence;adaxial surface pubescence">sepals green with pale edges, triangular, 4 mm, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial sparsely pilose;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="anther coloration">anthers pale-pink to pink;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="style quantity">styles 4.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="pome coloration;pome reflectance;pome depth;pome coloration;pome shape;pome atypical some measurement;pome some measurement;pome pubescence;pome pubescence"><b>Pomes </b>red, becoming bright to deep red, ellipsoid to suborbicular, 8–10 (–12) mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="sepal orientation;sepal architecture or shape">sepals spreading-reflexed to recurved triangular, glandular-serrate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="pyrene quantity;pyrene architecture;side shape;concavity shape;concavity size">pyrenes 3–5, dorsally grooved, sides ± plane to shallowly and smoothly concave concavity deepest on narrowest pyrenes.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering late May–early Jun; fruiting Aug–Sep.
|habitat=Thickets, light shade of aspen
|elevation=800–1200 m
|distribution=Alta.;Sask.
|discussion=<p>Crataegus rivulopugnensis, known only from the Cypress Hills, is widely distributed in the western part. The species is most similar to C. purpurella, though the color of the ripe fruit in the two species is quite different (red versus deep purple). They differ also in an almost allopatric distribution, habit when open-grown, and leaf size and numbers of veins per side (4 or 5 versus 3 or 4). Both species have less hairy adaxial leaf surfaces than most other sympatric hawthorns, often being glabrate adaxially at maturity.</p><!--
--><p>INTERSERIAL HYBRIDS AND SPECIES OF HYBRID ORIGIN</p><!--
--><p>Numerous putative interserial hybrids among North American hawthorns have been given binomials (J. B. Phipps 2005). Nearly all the named putative hybrids have proven to be rare or even apparently extinct. All of the 16 treated here satisfy at least two of the following criteria: there is a high degree of confidence that they are of interserial hybrid origin; they do not fit into any accepted series; they continue to be found long after their initial description, indicating either apomictic perpetuation, repeated creation, or both; or, they have appeared regularly as species in the literature, notably in works by E. J. Palmer. It is notable that most remain uncommon, suggesting that these are not particularly fit biotypes. Nevertheless, persisting populations of some (for example, Crataegus persimilis) may be readily found. The fifteenth example (C. turnerorum) is a well-collected, obviously persistent, local species in Texas.</p><!--
--><p>The putative interserial hybrid, Crataegus florifera, however, is treated in the main text (in this case under ser. Anomalae) because it fits the serial description adequately and has significant and continuous ranges. Other examples included in the main text are some putative ser. Punctatae × ser. Crus-galli crosses that will be found associated with C. collina. The best studied interserial hybrids are two without names (though this will change with a forthcoming paper by the Dickinson group), both hybrids of the introduced C. monogyna. Here they are treated in the main text with their native parental species (C. punctata and C. suksdorfii). Neither of these hybrids is considered especially rare, and both appear to be increasing in frequency but so far there is no evidence of a fixed hybrid establishing.</p><!--
--><p>Hybrids among North American native species have probably arisen multiple times (J. B. Phipps 2005); however, there was little evidence for the creation of successful new biotypes until some recent papers by the Dickinson group demonstrating modern derivatives of ancient alloploid of ser. Crataegus (E. Y. Y. Lo et al. 2009) and perhaps more recent alloploid derivatives from ser. Douglasianae (T. A. Dickinson, pers. comm.). Hybridization among more closely related apomicts may be more frequent than previously thought (Dickinson et al. 2008) but, with more cryptic characteristics, may more easily escape detection.</p>
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|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Crataegus rivulopugnensis
|authority=J. B. Phipps & O’Kennon
|rank=species
|parent rank=series
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Rosaceae
|phenology=Flowering late May–early Jun; fruiting Aug–Sep.
|habitat=Thickets, light shade of aspen
|elevation=800–1200 m
|distribution=Alta.;Sask.
|reference=None
|publication title=J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas
|publication year=2007
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V9/V9_1090.xml
|subfamily=Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae
|tribe=Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae
|genus=Crataegus
|section=Crataegus sect. Unassigned
|series=Crataegus (sect. Unassigned) ser. Montaninsulae
|species=Crataegus rivulopugnensis
|abaxial surface life cycle=young
|abaxial surface pubescence=glabrous;glabrous
|adaxial sulcus pubescence=pubescent
|adaxial surface life cycle=mature;young
|adaxial surface pubescence=pilose;glabrate to sparsely
|adaxial surface pubescence or relief=scabrous;scabrous
|anther coloration=pale-pink;pink
|apex shape=acute
|base shape=cuneate;broadly cuneate or rounded
|blade life cycle=mature
|blade shape=broadly elliptic;ovate
|blade some measurement=4cm;6cm
|bracteole coloration=light-brown
|bracteole life cycle=young
|bracteole quantity=few
|bracteole size or width=narrow
|branch pubescence=pilose
|concavity shape=concave
|concavity size=deepest
|edge coloration=pale
|flower diameter=16
|gland quantity=few;several
|gland size=small
|growth coloration=brown;purple-brown;deep;reddish;deep;old;pubescent
|growth life cycle=old;young;new
|growth position=mid
|growth pubescence=glabrescent
|hypanthium pubescence=pilose;glabrous
|inflorescence architecture=5-15-flowered
|lobe apex shape=acute
|lobe quantity=4;3
|margin architecture or function or pubescence=glandular
|margin architecture or shape=crenate-serrate;serrulate
|petiole length=sessile-glandular
|pome atypical some measurement=10mm;12mm
|pome coloration=red;red
|pome depth=deep
|pome pubescence=pubescent;glabrous
|pome reflectance=bright
|pome shape=ellipsoid;suborbicular
|pome some measurement=8mm;10mm
|pyrene architecture=grooved
|pyrene quantity=3;5
|sepal architecture or shape=glandular-serrate
|sepal coloration=green
|sepal orientation=spreading-reflexed;recurved triangular
|sepal shape=triangular
|sepal some measurement=4
|side shape=plane
|style quantity=4
|sun architecture=full
|thorn course=moderate;straight
|twig size=moderate
|vein prominence=impressed
|vein quantity=5;8
|whole_organism growth form=tree;shrub
|whole_organism size=slender;slender
|whole_organism some measurement=20dm;50dm
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Crataegus (sect. Unassigned) ser. Montaninsulae]]