View source for Xanthorhiza

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Xanthorhiza
|accepted_authority=Marshall
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Arbust. Amer.,
|place=167. 1785
|year=1785
}}
|common_names=Yellowroot
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Ranunculaceae;Xanthorhiza
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Ranunculaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Xanthorhiza]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek xanthos, yellow, and rhiza, root
|volume=Volume 3
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form;rhizome length or size;rhizome size;rhizome coloration"><b>Shrubs,</b> deciduous, from long, slender, yellow rhizomes.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="leaf position;leaf architecture"><b>Leaves </b>cauline, petiolate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="cauline leaf arrangement">cauline leaves alternate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="leaf-blade architecture"><b>Leaf-</b>blade 1-2-pinnately compound;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaflet shape;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape">leaflets lanceovate to broadly ovate or rhombic, margins variously sharply cleft, incised, or serrate.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="inflorescence position;panicle architecture;panicle some measurement"><b>Inflorescences </b>axillary, many-flowered panicles, 5-21 cm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="bract shape">bracts scalelike, not forming involucre.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="flower reproduction;flower architecture or shape"><b>Flowers </b>bisexual, radially symmetric;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="sepal duration;sepal coloration;sepal shape;sepal shape;sepal shape;sepal some measurement;fruit quantity">sepals persistent in fruit, 5, dark brown-purple to greenish yellow, plane, lanceolate to oblanceolate, usually clawed, ca. 2.5-5 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="petal quantity;petal fusion;petal coloration or density;petal shape;petal architecture;petal some measurement">petals 5, distinct, brown-purple, plane, peltate, 0.5-0.9 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="nectary position or structure subtype;nectary shape;nectary shape">nectary terminal, transversely oblong, 2-lobed;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="stamen quantity">stamens 5 (or 10);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="base size">filaments with base expanded;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="staminode presence">staminodes absent between stamens and pistils;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="pistil atypical quantity;pistil quantity;pistil architecture">pistils (2-) 5-10, simple;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="ovule quantity">ovules 2, basal ovule aborting;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="style presence">style present.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="fruits follicle architecture;fruits follicle architecture;fruits follicle shape;fruits follicle shape;fruits follicle shape;side architecture"><b>Fruits </b>follicles, aggregate, sessile, compressed, obliquely oblong or somewhat sickle-shaped, sides not veined;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="beak position;beak course;beak some measurement">beak becoming abaxial, curved, 0.4-0.8 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties=""><b>Seeds </b>reddish-brown, ovoid, smooth.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="seed coloration;seed shape;seed architecture or pubescence or relief;x chromosome quantity">x=18.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America
|discussion=<p>Species 1 (1 in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Xanthorhiza
|author=Bruce D. Parfitt
|authority=Marshall
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Ranunculaceae
|distribution=North America
|reference=None
|publication title=Arbust. Amer.,
|publication year=1785
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V3/V3_202.xml
|genus=Xanthorhiza
|base size=expanded
|beak course=curved
|beak position=abaxial
|beak some measurement=0.4mm;0.8mm
|bract shape=scale-like
|cauline leaf arrangement=alternate
|flower architecture or shape=symmetric
|flower reproduction=bisexual
|fruit quantity=5
|fruits follicle architecture=sessile;aggregate
|fruits follicle shape=sickle--shaped;oblong;compressed
|inflorescence position=axillary
|leaf architecture=petiolate
|leaf position=cauline
|leaf-blade architecture=compound
|leaflet shape=lanceovate;broadly ovate or rhombic
|margin shape=serrate;incised;serrate;incised;cleft
|nectary position or structure subtype=terminal
|nectary shape=2-lobed;oblong
|ovule quantity=2
|panicle architecture=many-flowered
|panicle some measurement=5cm;21cm
|petal architecture=peltate
|petal coloration or density=brown-purple
|petal fusion=distinct
|petal quantity=5
|petal shape=plane
|petal some measurement=0.5mm;0.9mm
|pistil architecture=simple
|pistil atypical quantity=2;5
|pistil quantity=5;10
|rhizome coloration=yellow
|rhizome length or size=long
|rhizome size=slender
|seed architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
|seed coloration=reddish-brown
|seed shape=ovoid
|sepal coloration=dark brown-purple;greenish yellow
|sepal duration=persistent
|sepal shape=clawed;lanceolate;oblanceolate
|sepal some measurement=2.5mm;5mm
|side architecture=not veined
|stamen quantity=5
|staminode presence=absent
|style presence=absent
|whole_organism duration=deciduous
|whole_organism growth form=shrub
|x chromosome quantity=18
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Ranunculaceae]]