Stems usually prostrate, occasionally ascending, 5–30 cm, glabrous. Leaves opposite; stipules usually distinct, occasionally connate basally (distal portion
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olivaceous to greenish yellow. Stems 0.5–1.8 (–2.5) cm, ascending, subpinnately or occasionally pinnately branched to almost unbranched, usually radiculose
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whorls, 3–16 leaves per whorl, horizontal and drooping at tips to ascending, occasionally nearly clasping stem, 3.7–12.3 × 0.9–4.7 cm, 2–6.5 times longer
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1–10-branched or unbranched, massive with trunk, main branches erect or ascending from near midstem of trunk (secondary branches absent except where injured)
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nearly so. Stems erect or ascending, often whitish or tinged with red, simple to sparingly branched distally, or occasionally basally, 0.2–1 m. Leaves:
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glandular, usually resinous. Leaves ascending to spreading; blades usually elliptic to oblanceolate, occasionally spatulate, 10–15 × 0.5–1.5 mm, mostly
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primary bract erect to ascending; heads 25–100-flowered, globose, 10–15 mm diam. Flowers: tepals green to straw-colored, occasionally reddish, lanceolate-subulate;
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undifferentiated. Seta reddish orange, 0.6–1.4 cm, slightly roughened, sometimes almost smooth except basal 1/4. Capsule slightly inclined to horizontal, reddish orange
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Inflorescences terminal, distichous spikes, spikelets usually 1 per node, occasionally in pairs at the lower nodes, spikelets at the lower 4-6 nodes often sterile;
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flowering-stems scapelike, spreading to erect, infrequently decumbent to ascending, slender, solid, not fistulose, 0.03–4 dm, floccose to tomentose or lanate
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Stems to 7 cm, creeping but ascending from substrate, terete-foliate, irregularly branched, branches to 6 mm, straight to slightly curved, terete-foliate.
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with cormlike bases, slightly compressed, erect or geniculate at the lower nodes; nodes glabrous or pilose; internodes slightly compressed, glabrous.
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perennial, cespitose; taproot stout; caudex much-branched, woody. Stems ascending, scarcely branched, 8–20 (–30) cm, softly pubescent, stipitate-glandular
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to 6 cm, fleshy. Pinnae to 6 pairs, ascending, mostly overlapping, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae only slightly greater than between 2d and 3d pairs
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cottony hairs, glands absent or sparse to common, sometimes red. Stems ascending to erect, not flagelliform, not rooting at nodes, lateral to persistent
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white, plane, linear-lanceolate, oblanceolate to obovate or elliptic, occasionally clawed, 4.2-11 mm; petals 5-7, distinct, green, plane or concave distally
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strongly ascending, terminating in irregular umbellate or subracemose clusters of flowers, not all pedicels attaching at same point (flowers occasionally borne
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their length, monomorphic to slightly dimorphic, oblong to obovate, rounded to obtuse or truncate apically, occasionally irregularly denticulate, those
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partial whorls, 3–10 leaves per whorl, ascending, sometimes only slightly, or occasionally ± horizontal and drooping slightly at tips, 3.1–15.7 × 0.5–3.6 cm,
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Mentioned on page 18. Herbs, perennial, slightly woody at base; taproot long, ropelike, ± woody. Stems decumbent to ascending, sparingly branched throughout, 2–7
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