FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 330. Mentioned on page 328, 329. Culms 10–90 (–135) cm. Leaves 3–6 per culm; sheaths tight, inner band hyaline, 1.8–2.5
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hemispheric to campanulate, turbinate, or cylindric, (6–14 ×) 3–10 mm. Phyllaries 30–90+ in 3–9 series, 1-nerved (flat), narrowly lanceolate to linear, unequal, cartilaginous
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Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 50–90 cm. Roots 7–12, tuberous, fasciculate, large, 12 × 1 cm, fleshy. Stems with
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proximally, serrate distally; apex tapered to lanceolate acumen; costa to 70–90% leaf length, sometimes subpercurrent, broad throughout, terminal spine present
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flower tube bearing long hairlike spines. Fruits pink to whitish, ovoid, 50–90 × 45–70 mm, covered with numerous hairlike spines. 2n = 22. Phenology: Flowering
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hooked bristles in 2–3 circumferential rows, proximal row spreading to ± 90°, usually glistening with sessile-glandular hairs. Phenology: Flowering Jul–mid
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hooked (bent ± like a crozier through ± 180+ degrees), patent (bent at ± 90 degrees), or ± recurved or arcuate (sometimes incurved) to straight. An outer
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Plants annual. Culms (0.5) 1-3 (6) m tall, (0.5) 1-5 cm thick. Blades mostly 30-90 cm long, 2.5-12 cm wide. Pistillate inflorescences rames or spikes, usually
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obtuse or acute; cauline 2–6 pairs, sessile or proximals short-petiolate, 18–90 × 3–20 (–25) mm, blade oblanceolate to oblong, lanceolate, or linear, base
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cespitose, usually with rhizomes shorter than 5 cm, 1-1.5 mm thick. Culms (10) 35-90 (120) cm, usually unbranched, smooth to slightly scabrous; nodes 1-3 (4).
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purple throughout, sometimes stipitate, ovate-elongate to barrel-shaped, 35–90 × 20–40 mm, juicy (bleeding and staining), glabrous, spineless; areoles 20–32
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appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 86. Mentioned on page 25, 62, 85, 90, 92, 107, 112, 113, 114. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North
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reduced, glabrous, sometimes scabrous; basal and proximal cauline (25–) 40–90 × 2–18 mm, blade spatulate to oblanceolate or linear, base tapered, apex rounded
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in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 78. Mentioned on page 19. Perennials, 5–90 (–100) cm (in ± extensive, open clones or in dense clusters); long-rhizomatous
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appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 84. Mentioned on page 85, 88, 90, 642. Plants large, sordid yellow-green, rarely bright green, pale buff to
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(–21) mm; hypanthial tubes (5–) 7–13 (–17) mm; pedicel/tube ratio (15–) 35–90 (–126) %; fruit awns 5–8.5 (–12.5) cm, proximal setae 2.7–5 mm. Generated
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serrate, surfaces glabrous; cauline 0–5, blade lanceolate to elliptic, 20–90 x 2–20 mm, 1-pinnatifid or 2-pinnatifid, margins of adjacent lobes nonoverlapping
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dark-brown to black, turning gray, pink-gray to gray-brown, longest (35–) 40–90 (–185) mm; if ± 2 kinds: major spines (0–) 1–5, reflexed to porrect, yellowbrown
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to scarlet [carmine to purple], pyriform or ellipsoid [to ovoid], [30–] 40–90 × 25–50 mm, fleshy, low tuberculate, scaleless, spiny; pulp reddish, in some
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obtuse to acute; cauline 3–20 pairs, sessile or proximals short-petiolate, 10–90 × 2–20 mm, blade elliptic to ovate, lanceolate, or linear, base tapered to
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