(7-) 10-25 (-30) cm, from caudices, caudices ascending to primarily vertical. Basal leaves 5-15, 2-ternate, occasionally irregularly so; petiole 2-10 cm;
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Spores 10–25 µm, spheric, smooth to minutely papillose. Worldwide including Antarctica Species ca. 215 (11 in the flora). Plants of Dicranella resemble those
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stoloniferous. Stems to 50 cm; scarious leaf-sheaths persistent. Leaves alternate, rosulate to distichous, 10–50 × 10–70 cm; blade glaucous-green to variegated
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cylindric, usually beaked, 10-50 mm; petals 2, distinct, bearing near apex a capitate to coiled spur, concealed in hood, long-clawed; nectary present, on
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Panicles 4-36 cm, erect or lax, pyramidal or lanceoloid, usually sparse, lower rachis internodes usually longer than (2) 3 cm; nodes with 1-10 branches; branches
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hirsute to hispid. Receptacles conic, pitted, epaleate. Ray-florets 10–75 (in 1–2 series), pistillate, fertile; corollas abaxially with broad, purplish
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glumes; awns 0.9-3.1 mm, attached to the lower (1/10) 1/5-1/2 (7/10) of the lemmas, usually not exserted, delicate, often difficult to distinguish from the
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± exposing stamens, 3-10 mm, clefts 2-6 mm; hairs mostly near base of cleft, centered or on inner lobes, white. Fruits 10-19 mm, 2.8-4 times longer than
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dehiscent in distal 1/2, cylindric, oblong. Seeds 12–65, globose or subglobose, not arillate, (cleft fused between ends). x = 10. North America, Mexico
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receptacles sometimes with setiform or subulate enations). Ray-florets 2–11 or 10–15, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellowish or yellow. Disc-florets 20–100+
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growth), glandular; blade 7 (9) -lobed, 2–7.5 × 2.5–10 (–14) cm, lobes obovate, spatulate, or linear, distal 1/2–3/4 of margins serrate (crenate), apex
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glabrous, except with tufts of hair in abaxial vein-axils. Inflorescences 10 (–50) -flowered; branches usually glabrous (densely hairy young in C. viridis
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constricted beyond ovary, abruptly expanded to 5-lobed limb; stamens 2 (–3) or 5–6 (2–5 in cleistogamous flowers), exserted; styles exserted beyond anthers;
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Association Perennials, (40–) 80–150 cm. Aerial stems (from creeping rhizomes to 4 cm × 2–6 mm, rhizome internodes mostly 2–10 mm) 1–10+, stramineous to reddish-brown
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bracts; sheaths 1.5–10 cm, ligules 2–12 mm; hairs within leaf-sheath 0.2–2 cm; blade 2–41 cm × 1–3 mm. Inflorescences 3–12-flowered, 3–10 cm; proximal bract
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429. Mentioned on page 21, 415, 427, 430. Shrubs or trees, (10–) 15–80 (–100) dm. Stems 1–10+, orientation unknown; bark gray to dark gray, smooth, older
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numerous clusters 2–4 mm wide, in spikes or panicles 2–30 cm. Pistillate flowers in spikes or panicles to 30 cm. Fruiting bracteoles 2–9 × 2–9 mm, bearing
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Treatment on page 222. Mentioned on page 14, 211, 214, 228, 231. Perennials, 10–80 cm (forming clumps); rhizomatous. Stems ascending to erect, simple or branched
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52. Mentioned on page 45. Annuals, biennials, or perennials, to 100 (–200) cm (rhizomatous, fibrous-rooted, or taprooted). Stems green. Leaves green, not
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Mentioned on page 136, 148, 170, 171, 173. Annuals or perennials, (2–) 10–90 (–120+) cm. Stems erect, branched distally or ± throughout. Leaves mostly cauline;
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