sheaths open, sometimes inflated, especially on bracts, margins clear to scarious, not auriculate; blades flat to keeled, linear, apex obtuse to rounded
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more herbaceous, the inner often scarious). Receptacles convex to conic, paleate (paleae ± persistent, lance-linear, scarious, weakly conduplicate, often apically
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0. Pistillate florets 5; corollas whitish, tubular, or 0. Functionally staminate florets 5–10 (–20+); corollas whitish, funnelform, lobes 5, erect (filaments
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(spreading in age), distinct, lance-linear to linear, equal, margins ± scarious (abaxial faces ± hirsute). Receptacles flat or convex, smooth or ± foveolate
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5 herbaceous, inner 0 or scarious to membranous. Receptacles convex, epaleate. Pistillate florets 0 or 3–5; corollas whitish, tubular, or 0. Functionally
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distinct, lanceolate or lance-linear to linear (± navicular), equal, margins ± scarious. Receptacles flat, alveolate (margins of sockets raggedly toothed), epaleate
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disc-florets, outer herbaceous, inner scarious). Ray-florets (2–) 3–5 (–8), pistillate, fertile; corollas whitish (nerved with purple abaxially). Disc-florets
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ovate, subequal, margins and apices (usually colorless, sometimes brownish) scarious. Receptacles flat to hemispheric or conic, epaleate. Ray-florets 0 (peripheral
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greenish, lanceolate to awl-shaped, 1.5–4 mm, herbaceous, margins whitish, scarious, apex acute to blunt or obtuse; petals absent; nectariferous disc at
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unequal, bases indurate to herbaceous, apices herbaceous, margins sometimes scarious, faces glabrous or moderately to densely hairy, sometimes stipitate-glandular
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to elliptic or ovate, often keeled, 1–2.5 mm, herbaceous, margins white, scarious, apex acute, ± hooded, ± awned; petals often fugacious, 5, white, blade
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erect, distinct, oblanceolate or lanceolate to lance-linear, equal, margins scarious (apices cucullate, faces glabrous). Receptacles flat (sometimes with central
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Cataphylls 1–3. Leaves basal, 1–2 (–3); auricles whitish or purplish tinged, 0.2–0.4 (–0.6) mm, scarious; blade flat, 5–15 cm × 0.5–1.1 mm, margins entire
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North America Association Inflorescences 4–13 cm; bracts 5–11 × 2–8 mm, scarious at maturity. Flowers: sepals 1.5–10 × 0.5–4 mm; corolla 5–10 mm, lobes
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lanceolate to linear, unequal, herbaceous to ± cartilaginous, margins scarious, apices (slightly spreading to nearly squarrose) some or all bearing a
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Mentioned on page 188. Shrubs, 10–120 cm; with woody, branched caudices, bark whitish tan, becoming gray, flaky and fibrous with age. Stems ascending, green,
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(margins interlocking), lance-linear to lanceolate or oblong, equal, margins ± scarious (abaxial faces usually arachnose, floccose, lanate, tomentose, or villous
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keeled), lanceolate to deltate, unequal, pliable to rigid, margins narrowly scarious, dark green zone restricted to narrow bands along midnerves, apices rounded
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Seeds (0–) 5–3000+, yellowish, reddish, brown, black, or appearing tan or whitish (dark testa completely covered by pale, tough, glabrous or rarely pubescent
40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
chartaceous to membranous proximally, membranous or foliaceous distally, margins scarious proximally, faces glabrous or hairy, sometimes stipitate-glandular or gland-dotted
16 KB (980 words) - 21:51, 29 July 2020