ovate, 10–14 mm; larger stamen with hook, 4–6 mm, shorter stamens 3–4 mm; filaments linear, glabrous; style glabrous. Seeds 10–11-winged, 0.8–1.2 × 0.4–0
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thick-lenticular or asymmetrically thick-lenticular to compressed-globose, 1.2-2 times as wide as thick, not prolonged beyond seed; wall thick, smooth; margin
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oblong, or elliptic, 10-20 × 5-8 (-10) mm, glabrous; stamens 30-75. Heads of achenes nearly spheric; pedicel (1.5-) 2-5 (-7) cm. Achenes: body oblong
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398, 416, 417, 422. Shrubs, spreading to densely compact, (2–) 3–30 (–60) dm. Stems 1–10+, erect to arching; bark gray, exfoliating, periderm reddish
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arrays (heads 1–2 in axil of each bract, bracts sometimes leaflike). Involucres ± hemispheric or turbinate to campanulate or urceolate, 2–10+ mm diam. Phyllaries
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lodicules 2, broadly lanceolate, margins ciliate; anthers 3, usually yellowish. Caryopses usually tightly enclosed in the lemma and palea at maturity. 2n = 14
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shortly pedunculate (sometimes sessile), solitary, 4-30 (40) cm long, (0.5) 1-10 cm thick, with 2 or more rows of paired spikelets, hence the spikelets 4 or
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maroon, reddish purple, or purple-black, (lanceolate to broadly ovate), (3–) 5–10 (–13) mm, not keeled, (glabrous or sparsely hirsute); petals lavender, purple
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membranous, truncate; blades 1.5-10 mm wide, linear to linear-lanceolate, flat, spreading. Inflorescences terminal spikes, with 2-13 spikelets, usually with
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Treatment on page 369. Mentioned on page 219, 360, 361, 370. Perennials, 5–80 cm; rhizomatous or taprooted (roots vertical, rhizomes spreading). Stems 1–5+
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persistent, of 35–40, barbellulate to barbellate (subequal) bristles in 1–2 series. x = 10. se United States Species 7 (7 in the flora). Trilisa and Litrisa have
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glabrous or ± hairy. Inflorescences 10+-flowered, ± open, lax to congested, conic, sometimes also glomerate thyrses, 10–35 cm, tangled-hairy (pilose-arachnoid)
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rarely racemose, 3–18 dm; bracts caducous or occasionally persistent. Flowers 2–5 per node, functionally unisexual, pistillate flowers with staminodes, staminate
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Oenothera subg. Pachylophus (Spach) Reichenbach Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10. Herbs annual or perennial, acaulescent or caulescent; from a usually stout
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freestanding or epiphytic or epilithic, 0.1–10 (–18) m. Leaves: petiole 10–20 mm; blade obovate, 7–15 (–23) × 6.4–15 cm, base ± cuneate, apex rounded to emarginate
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minutely stellate-hairy or rarely glabrous. x = 17. Calif., nw Mexico Species 11 (10 in the flora). Most species of Malacothamnus are locally common in early burn
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mostly more than 4 mm, smooth or papillose. Inflorescences racemose, with 2–10 spikes; proximal bracts leaflike, sheathless or short-sheathed, less than
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linear-oblanceolate, flattened or slightly grooved on adaxial surface, 2–10 cm, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute; cauline leaves absent, or alternate
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sepals 4–8 (–10) mm, apex acute to long acuminate; petals (3–) 4–10 (–11) × (3–) 4–10 (–12) mm; filaments (1–) 1.5–2.5 (–3.5) mm, anthers 0.6–1.2 (–1.6) mm;
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sagittate; ovary incompletely 3-locular; ovules 10–many; style 3-lobed. Fruits capsular, elongate. Seeds 10–200, ovoid, testa with longitudinal wings. Western
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