familyRanunculaceae
genusDelphinium
sectionDelphinium sect. Diedropetala
subsectionDelphinium subsect. Exaltata
speciesDelphinium exaltatum

Delphinium exaltatum

Aiton

Hort. Kew. 2: 244. 1789.

Michael J. Warnock
Common names: Tall larkspur
EndemicIllustrated
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.
Revision as of 07:30, 30 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: John Myers

Copyright: Flora of North America Association

Stems 70-200 cm; base reddish, nearly glabrous. Leaves cauline, 7-24, absent from proximal 1/5 of stem at anthesis; petiole 1-15 cm. Leaf-blade pentagonal, 2-7 × 3-9 cm, puberulent; ultimate lobes 3-7, width 5-25 mm; midcauline leaf lobes less than 3 times longer than wide. Inflorescences 8-30-flowered; pedicel 0.5-2 cm, puberulent; bracteoles 2-4 mm from flowers, green, linear, 2-4 mm, puberulent. Flowers: sepals whitish to pale lavender or purple, puberulent, lateral sepals forward pointing, 9-11 × 4-6 mm, spurs straight, as much as 45° above or below horizontal, 9-12 mm; lower petal blades ± covering stamens, 3-5 mm, clefts 1-2 mm; hairs centered, mostly near base of cleft, white. Fruits 7-12 mm, 2-2.5 times longer than wide, ± puberulent. Seeds ± wing-margined; seed-coat cells elongate, surfaces smooth.


Phenology: Flowering summer.
Habitat: Rocky slopes in open deciduous woods and barrens, mainly on calcareous substrates, also shale and mafic and ultramafic rocks
Elevation: 150-2000 m

Distribution

V3 350-distribution-map.gif

Ala., Ky., Md., Mo., N.C., Ohio, Pa., Tenn., Va., W.Va.

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
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Anther dehiscence
dehiscing +
Author
Michael J. Warnock +
Authority
Aiton +
Basal leaf size
usually larger +
Base coloration
reddish +
Base fixation
attached +
Base pubescence
glabrous +
Base shape
not narrowed +
Base size
expanded +
Beak course
straight +
Beak position or structure subtype
terminal +
Beak some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Blade shape
lobing +
Bracteole architecture
sepaloid +
Bracteole arrangement
subopposite-subalternate +
Bracteole arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Bracteole coloration
green +
Bracteole location
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Bracteole presence
absent +
Bracteole pubescence
puberulent +
Bracteole some measurement
2mm;4mm +
Bud presence
absent +
Bud some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (?) +
Capsule arrangement
aggregated +
Capsule shape
globose;cylindric +
Cauline leaf arrangement
alternate +
Cell margin course
straight +
Cell shape
elongate +
Cleft some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Common name
Tall larkspur +
Distribution
Ala. +, Ky. +, Md. +, Mo. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, Tenn. +, Va. +  and W.Va. +
Elevation
150-2000 m +
Embryo size
small +
Endosperm quantity
abundant +
Flower architecture
sessile +  and pedicellate +
Flower architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Flower architecture or shape
symmetric +
Flower density
dense +
Flower prominence
showy +  and inconspicuous +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Flower shape
cylindric +
Fruit l w ratio
2-2.5 +
Fruit orientation
erect +
Fruit pubescence
puberulent +
Fruit quantity
5 +
Fruit some measurement
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Fruits follicle architecture
sessile +  and aggregate +
Fruits follicle shape
curved-cylindric +
Habitat
Rocky slopes in open deciduous woods and barrens, mainly on calcareous substrates, also shale and mafic and ultramafic rocks +
Hair coloration
white +
Hair position
centered +
Illustration
Present +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
John Myers +
Inflorescence architecture
8-30-flowered +
Inflorescence position
axillary +  and terminal +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Inflorescence quantity
5;10 +
Internode position
middle +
Lateral sepal length
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
Lateral sepal orientation
pointing +
Lateral sepal quantity
2 +
Lateral sepal shape
less ovate +  and elliptic +
Lateral sepal some measurement
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
Lateral sepal width
4mm;6mm +
Leaf-blade architecture
compound +
Leaf-blade architecture or shape
undivided +
Leaf-blade length
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
Leaf-blade pubescence
puberulent +
Leaf-blade shape
pentagonal +
Leaf-blade width
3cm;9cm +
Leaf architecture
petiolate +
Leaf arrangement
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
Leaf lobe l w ratio
0-3 +
Leaf position
cauline +
Leaf presence
absent +
Leaf quantity
7 (24) +
Leaf size
smaller +, slightly below middle slightly below middle internodes +  and largest +
Lobe shape
lacerate;crenate +
Lower petal quantity
2 +
Lower petal shape
clawed +, 2-lobed +, ovate +  and plane +
Lower petal some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Lower sepal quantity
2 +
Margin architecture
palmate +  and pinnate +
Margin architecture or shape
entire +
Margin shape
incised;toothed;incised;toothed;entire +
Midpedicel angle degree
30+° +
Nectary presence
absent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Other size
reduced +
Ovule quantity
8;20 +
Pedicel orientation
spreading +
Pedicel presence
absent +
Pedicel pubescence
puberulent +
Pedicel some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Perianth position
hypogynous +
Petal blade some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Petal fusion
distinct +
Petal prominence
conspicuous +
Petal quantity
0;26 +
Petal shape
spurred +, funnel--shaped +, cup-shaped +  and plane +
Petal size
reduced +
Petiole architecture or shape
sheathing +
Petiole height or length or size
shorter +
Petiole orientation
ascending +
Petiole presence
absent +
Petiole some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
Phenology
Flowering summer. +
Pistil architecture
simple +
Pistil atypical quantity
3 (5) +
Pistil quantity
3 +
Publication title
Hort. Kew. +
Publication year
1789 +
Raceme architecture
2-100-flowered +
Raceme some measurement
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
Reference
None +
Ridge architecture or course
irregular +
Ridge shape
wavy +
Ridge size
small +
Root architecture
twisted +  and 4-15-branched +
Root architecture or arrangement
fasciculate +
Root condition or texture
dry +
Root shape
tuberlike +
Root some measurement
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br />) +
Root texture
fibrous +
Season life cycle
dormant +
Seed-coat cell shape
elongate +
Seed architecture
wing-margined +
Seed coloration
dark-brown +  and black +
Seed length
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
Seed pubescence or relief
rough +
Seed quantity
1;many +
Seed relief
not ringed +
Seed shape
rectangular +  and crescent-shaped +
Seed width
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Sepal architecture
petaloid +
Sepal architecture or shape
spurred +
Sepal arrangement
imbricate +
Sepal atypical quantity
6 (20) +
Sepal coloration
whitish;pale lavender or purple +
Sepal duration
not persistent +
Sepal fusion
distinct +
Sepal pubescence
puberulent +
Sepal quantity
3 +  and 6 +
Side architecture
not +  and veined +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V3/V3 350.xml +
Special status
Endemic +  and Illustrated +
Spur course
straight +
Spur degree
45° +
Spur orientation
horizontal +
Spur some measurement
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Stamen fusion
distinct +
Stamen quantity
25;40 +
Staminode presence
absent +
Stem architecture
unbranched +
Stem atypical quantity
8 (19) +
Stem quantity
3 +  and 8 +
Stem some measurement
70 cm700 mm <br />0.7 m <br /> (200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br />) +
Stipule presence
absent +
Style duration
persistent +
Style presence
absent +
Surface architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Taxon family
Ranunculaceae +
Taxon name
Delphinium exaltatum +
Taxon parent
Delphinium subsect. Exaltata +
Taxon rank
species +
Ultimate lobe quantity
3 (7) +
Ultimate lobe width
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
Upper petal architecture or shape
spurred +
Upper petal quantity
2 +
Upper sepal architecture or shape
spurred +
Upper sepal quantity
1 +
Upper sepal some measurement
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br />) +
Volume
Volume 3 +
Week quantity
2 (?) +
Whole organism architecture
rhizomatous +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
herb +
Whole organism position
low +
Whole organism texture
herbaceous +  and woody +
X chromosome quantity
8 +