Emex australis

Steinheil

Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 195, plate 7. 1838.

Common names: Doublegee southern threecornerjack spiny emex
WeedyIntroducedIllustrated
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 487.
Revision as of 09:05, 30 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
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Plants 1–4 (–6) dm. Stems prostrate, decumbent, or ascending, base often reddish, branched proximally. Leaves: ocrea loose, glabrous; petiole (0.5–) 1–8 (–15) cm, glabrous; blade subhastate to elliptic or ovate, 1–10 × 0.5–6 cm, base truncate to cuneate, apex obtuse to acute. Staminate flowers 1–8 per ocreate fascicle; tepals narrowly oblong to oblanceolate, 1.5–2 mm. Pistillate flowers 1–4 per ocreate fascicle; outer tepals ovate to oblong, 4–6 mm in fruit, inner tepals broadly-triangular-ovate, 5–6 mm in fruit, apex mucronate. Fruiting perianths 7–9 × 9–10 mm, spines ascending or spreading, 5–10 mm, base tapering. Achenes 4–6 × 2–3 mm, shiny. 2n = 20.


Phenology: Flowering year-round.
Habitat: Disturbed sites, especially in sandy soils
Elevation: 0-200 m

Distribution

V5 1016-distribution-map.gif

Introduced; Calif., Africa (Republic of South Africa), in West Indies (Trinidad), Europe, Asia (India), Asia (Pakistan), Asia (Taiwan), Africa (Kenya), Africa (Madagascar), Africa (Malawi), Africa (Tanzania), Africa (Zimbabwe), Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Australia

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"/2" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Emex australis"
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
3-gonous +
yellowish +  and reddish +
elliptic +  and ovate +
mucronate;obtuse;acute +
Craig C. Freeman +
Steinheil +
tapering +, truncate +  and cuneate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
subhastate;elliptic or ovate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
foliaceous +  and perfoliate +
scale-like +
just below the soil surface or and above the soil surface +  and spreading +
Doublegee +, southern threecornerjack +  and spiny emex +
Calif. +, Africa (Republic of South Africa) +, in West Indies (Trinidad) +, Europe +, Asia (India) +, Asia (Pakistan) +, Asia (Taiwan) +, Africa (Kenya) +, Africa (Madagascar) +, Africa (Malawi) +, Africa (Tanzania) +, Africa (Zimbabwe) +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +  and Australia +
0-200 m +
free +  and distinct +
pistillate +  and staminate +
disarticulating +  and solid +
decumbent to erect +  and prostrate +
unwinged +  and winged +
black +, red +, brown +  and yellowish +
exserted +  and included +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
spheroidal +, 4-gonous +, lenticular +, biconvex +, discoid +, 3-gonous +  and 2-gonous +
Disturbed sites, especially in sandy soils +
broadly-triangular-ovate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
nonmembranous +
deciduous +
cauline +  and basal +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
undulate +, entire +  and obscurely crenulate or dentate +
swollen +
partly +  and foliaceous +
cylindric +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
anatropous +, , +  and orthotropous +
accrescent +
spreading;erect +
campanulate +
nonaccrescent +  and accrescent +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
Flowering year-round. +
(2-)3(-4)-carpellate +
Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. +
slender;stout +
Weedy +, Introduced +  and Illustrated +
spreading +  and ascending +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
4 +  and 6 +
not scapose +
ascending +  and decumbent +
penicillate +
deciduous +  and persistent +
2-lobed +  and cylindric +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
distinct +
spreading;erect +
Emex australis +
species +
connate +  and distinct +
narrowly oblong +  and oblanceolate +
subequal +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
coriaceous +
persistent +
membranous +
pubescent +  and glabrous +