Cyperus croceus

Vahl

Enum. Pl. 2: 357. 1805.

Illustrated
Synonyms: Cyperus baldwinii Torrey Cyperus cyclostachyus Grisebach Cyperus echinatus var. multiflora Chapman Cyperus globulosus var. pseudofiliculmis Kükenthal Cyperus globulosus var. robustus (Boeckeler) Shinners Cyperus plankii Chapman Cyperus retrorsus var. robustus Kükenthal Mariscus bracheilema C. B. Clarke Mariscus brittonii
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 183. Mentioned on page 149.

Herbs perennial, cespitose. Culms trigonous, (4–) 14–45 cm × 1–2 mm, glabrous. Leaves yellow-green, flat, 18–44 cm × 3–4.5 mm. Inflorescences: spikes densely to loosely globose to ovoid, 10–20 mm wide; rays (3–) 5–9 (–14), 1–15 (–26) cm; rachis 3–6 (–9) mm; bracts (4–) 6–9 (–11), horizontal to ascending at 45°, flat, 1–30 cm × 0.5–4 mm; rachilla deciduous, wings persistent, 0.3–0.5 (–0.8) mm wide. Spikelets (10–) 30–50, oblong to lanceoloid, quadrangular to subterete, compressed, 4–8 × 1–1.3 mm; distal spikelet spreading or ascending; floral scales persistent, (1–) 2–4 (–6), appressed, whitish with red speckles, laterally 2–4-ribbed, ovate, 2.3–3.6 × 1.8–2.2 mm. Flowers: anthers 0.5 mm; styles 0.6–1.3 mm; stigmas 1.2–2.6 mm. Achenes reddish-brown to nearly black, sessile, oblong, ellipsoid, 2–2.4 × 0.4–0.5 (–0.7) mm, apex ± truncate-emarginate, apiculate, surfaces puncticulate.


Phenology: Fruiting summer–early fall.
Habitat: Disturbed, sunny areas, coastal rocks, moist thickets
Elevation: 0–200 m

Distribution

V23 313-distribution-map.jpg

Ala., Ark., Del., Fla., Ga., La., Md., Miss., Mo., N.J., N.C., Okla., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., W.Va., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America (Venezuela)

Discussion

Cyperus globulosus Aublet is a synonym of C. luzulae (Linnaeus) Rottbøll ex Retzius, which is a widespread neotropical species, and it has long been misapplied to Cyperus croceus (G. C. Tucker 1987).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Cyperus croceus"
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br />) +
reddish-brown +  and nearly black +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.24 cm2.4 mm <br />0.0024 m <br />) +
ellipsoid;oblong +
0.4mm;0.5mm +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +
apiculate +  and truncate-emarginate +
Gordon C. Tucker* +, Brian G. Marcks* +  and J. Richard Carter * +
persistent +  and deciduous +
decurrent +
w--shaped +  and keeled +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
horizontal +  and ascending +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br />) +
14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br /> (45 cm450 mm <br />0.45 m <br />) +
scabridulous +
trigonous +
1mm;2mm +
ascending +  and spreading +
Ala. +, Ark. +, Del. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +, Md. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.J. +, N.C. +, Okla. +, Pa. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Va. +, W.Va. +, Mexico +, West Indies +, Central America +  and South America (Venezuela) +
0–200 m +
0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br /> (0.36 cm3.6 mm <br />0.0036 m <br />) +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br />) +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Disturbed, sunny areas, coastal rocks, moist thickets +
subumbellate +  and capitate +
spreading +  and erect +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
yellow-green +
18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br /> (?) +  and 44 cm440 mm <br />0.44 m <br /> (?) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Fruiting summer–early fall. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
antrorse +  and extrorse +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
continuous +, articulate +, winged +  and wingless +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
conspicuous +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (26 cm260 mm <br />0.26 m <br />) +
unequal +
5 +  and 9 +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
adventitious +
basal +  and proximal +
cylindric;compressed +
cylindric +
Illustrated +
globose;ovoid +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
30 +  and 50 +
compressed;oblong;lanceoloid quadrangular +
1mm;1.3mm +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.26 cm2.6 mm <br />0.0026 m <br />) +
2-3-fid +
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br />) +
Cyperus baldwinii +, Cyperus cyclostachyus +, Cyperus echinatus var. multiflora +, Cyperus globulosus var. pseudofiliculmis +, Cyperus globulosus var. robustus +, Cyperus plankii +, Cyperus retrorsus var. robustus +, Mariscus bracheilema +  and Mariscus brittonii +
Cyperus croceus +
Cyperus subg. Cyperus +
species +
tuberous +, stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
herb +  and cespitose +
persistent +
0.3mm +  and 0.5mm +