Cyperus mutisii

(Kunth) Andersson

Galapagos Veg., 53. 1854.

Illustrated
Basionym: Mariscus mutisii Kunth in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 216, plate 66. 1816
Synonyms: Cyperus asper (Liebmann) O’Neill Cyperus compresso triqueter Boeckeler Cyperus ehrenbergianus Boeckeler Cyperus mutisii var. asper (Liebmann) Kükenthal Cyperus mutisii var. contractus Kükenthal Cyperus mutisii var. semitribrachiatus (Boeckeler) Kükenthal Cyperus ochreatus Cyperus semitribrachiatus Mariscus asper
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 189. Mentioned on page 148, 188.

Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous. Culms trigonous, (20–) 30–120 cm × 1.4–3.5 mm, glabrous or occasionally with scattered prickles on distal angles. Leaves 2–4 (–6), inversely W-shaped, 10–60 (–70) cm × (2–) 4–13 mm, margins and midribs scabridulous or glabrous. Inflorescences: spikes (1–) 3–6, narrowly cylindric, 1–4 (–6) cm × 5–11 mm; rays 0 or 3–6, 2–23 cm; bracts 5–8, ascending at ± 45°, inversely W-shaped, (4–) 14–40 (–46) cm × 1–12 mm; rachilla deciduous, wings persistent, 0.3–0.5 mm wide. Spikelets 35–100, oblongellipsoid, ± terete, elliptic in cross-section, 3–7 × (0.9–) 1.3–2 mm; distal spikelets spreading or ascending; floral scales persistent, 1–2 (–5), appressed, becoming clear at maturity, laterally brownish to reddish-brown, medially greenish, laterally 3–5-ribbed, medially 3-ribbed, often erose at maturity, ovate to elliptic, 2.2–3.2 × 1.5–2.1 mm, apex obtuse. Flowers: anthers 0.6–0.8 mm; styles 0.4–0.8 mm; stigmas 1.2–2.2 mm. Achenes brown to reddish-brown, sessile, broadly ellipsoid, slightly dorsiventrally flattened, 1.5–1.8 × 0.7–0.9 (–1) mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, surfaces papillose to puncticulate.


Phenology: Fruiting summer–fall (Jun–Nov).
Habitat: Clearings in montane forests, canyons
Elevation: 500–1500 m

Distribution

V23 327-distribution-map.jpg

Ariz., Mexico, Central America, South America

Discussion

Cyperus mutisii is recognized by its cylindric spikes borne digitately at the ends of the rays and its short, plump spikelets. As spikelets mature, the floral scales, having erose margins contrasting with the brownish sides, beome useful distinguishing features.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Cyperus mutisii"
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
brown +  and reddish-brown +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
flattened;ellipsoid +
0.7mm;0.9mm +
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
apiculate +, 3-ribbed +  and 3-5-ribbed +
greenish +, laterally brownish +  and reddish-brown +
2.2mm;3.2mm +
obtuse;obtuse;ovate;elliptic +
1.5mm;2.1mm +
Gordon C. Tucker* +, Brian G. Marcks* +  and J. Richard Carter * +
(Kunth) Andersson +
persistent +  and deciduous +
decurrent +
Mariscus mutisii +
w--shaped +  and keeled +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br /> (46 cm460 mm <br />0.46 m <br />) +
14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
w--shaped +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (120 cm1,200 mm <br />1.2 m <br />) +
occasionally +  and glabrous +
scabridulous +
trigonous +
1.4mm;3.5mm +
ascending +  and spreading +
Ariz. +, Mexico +, Central America +  and South America +
500–1500 m +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Clearings in montane forests, canyons +
subumbellate +  and capitate +
spreading +  and erect +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br /> (70 cm700 mm <br />0.7 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (?) +  and 60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br /> (?) +
w--shaped +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br />) +
scabridulous +
scabridulous +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Fruiting summer–fall (Jun–Nov). +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
antrorse +  and extrorse +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
Galapagos Veg., +
continuous +, articulate +, winged +  and wingless +
conspicuous +
unequal +
3 +  and 6 +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (23 cm230 mm <br />0.23 m <br />) +
adventitious +
basal +  and proximal +
cylindric;compressed +
cylindric +
Illustrated +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
cylindric +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
35 +  and 100 +
1.3mm;2mm +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br />) +
2-3-fid +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
papillose +  and puncticulate +
Cyperus asper +, Cyperus compresso +, Cyperus ehrenbergianus +, Cyperus mutisii var. asper +, Cyperus mutisii var. contractus +, Cyperus mutisii var. semitribrachiatus +, Cyperus ochreatus +, Cyperus semitribrachiatus +  and Mariscus asper +
Cyperus mutisii +
Cyperus subg. Cyperus +
species +
herb +  and cespitose +
persistent +
0.3mm +  and 0.5mm +