familyRanunculaceae
genusDelphinium
sectionDelphinium sect. Diedropetala
subsectionDelphinium subsect. Bicoloria
speciesDelphinium bicolor

Delphinium bicolor

Nuttall

J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 10. 1834.

Michael J. Warnock
Common names: Flathead larkspur low larkspur little larkspur
IllustratedEndemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.

Stems 10-40 (-70) cm; base often reddish, glabrous to puberulent. Leaves mostly on proximal 1/3 of stem; basal leaves (0-) 2-7 at anthesis; cauline leaves 3-6 at anthesis; petiole 0.3-8 cm. Leaf-blade round, 1-4 × 1.5-7 cm, glabrous to puberulent; ultimate lobes 3-19, width 1-8 mm (basal), 1-3 mm (cauline). Inflorescences 3-12 (-22) -flowered; pedicel 1-4 (-8) cm, ± puberulent; bracteoles 2-7 (-17) mm from flowers, green, sometimes white-margined, lanceolate, 4-6 (-8) mm, puberulent. Flowers: sepals dark blue, puberulent, lateral sepals usually spreading, 16-21 × 6-12 mm, spurs straight to gently decurved, ascending 0-40° above horizontal, 13-23 mm; lower petal blades covering stamens, 7-12 mm, clefts 0.1-3 mm; hairs sparse, short, mostly on inner lobes below junction of blade and claw, white or yellow. Fruits (12-) 16-22 mm, 4-4.5 times longer than wide, usually puberulent. Seeds often winged; seed-coat cells with surfaces ± smooth.

Distribution

Alta., B.C., Sask., Idaho, Mont., N.Dak., Nebr., S.Dak., Wyo.

Discussion

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

Delphinium bicolor is closely related to D. glareosum; it differs in its wider-lobed cauline leaves, shallower petal clefts, and narrower fruits.

The Gosiute consider this plant to be poisonous (D. E. Moerman 1986, subspecies not specified).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

Key

1 Sepals (especially in fresh material) dark blue to purple; cleft in lower petals 2 mm or less; soils not derived from limestone. Delphinium bicolor subsp. bicolor
1 Sepals (especially in fresh material) bright dark blue; cleft in lower petals at least 2 mm; soils derived from limestone. Delphinium bicolor subsp. calcicola
... more about "Delphinium bicolor"
RDF feed
Anther dehiscence
dehiscing +
Author
Michael J. Warnock +
Authority
Nuttall +
Basal leaf atypical quantity
0 (2) +
Basal leaf quantity
2;7 +
Basal leaf size
usually larger +
Basal petiole orientation
spreading +
Base coloration
reddish +
Base fixation
attached +
Base pubescence
glabrous +  and puberulent +
Base shape
narrowed +
Base size
expanded +
Basionyms
Delphinium sect. Bicoloria +
Beak course
straight +
Beak position or structure subtype
terminal +
Beak some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Blade shape
lobing +
Bract quantity
fewer +
Bract shape
lobed +
Bract size
smaller +
Bracteole architecture
white-margined +
Bracteole arrangement
subopposite-subalternate +
Bracteole atypical some measurement
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Bracteole coloration
green +
Bracteole location
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Bracteole presence
absent +
Bracteole pubescence
puberulent +
Bracteole shape
lanceolate +
Bracteole some measurement
4mm;6mm +
Bud size
minute +
Bud some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (?) +
Capsule arrangement
aggregated +
Capsule shape
globose;cylindric +
Cauline leaf arrangement
alternate +
Cauline leaf quantity
3 (6) +
Cauline petiole orientation
ascending +
Cell margin course
straight +
Cell shape
elongate +
Cleft some measurement
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Common name
Flathead larkspur +, low larkspur +  and little larkspur +
Distribution
Alta. +, B.C. +, Sask. +, Idaho +, Mont. +, N.Dak. +, Nebr. +, S.Dak. +  and Wyo. +
Embryo size
small +
Endosperm quantity
abundant +
Flower architecture
sessile +  and pedicellate +
Flower architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Flower architecture or shape
symmetric +
Flower prominence
showy +  and inconspicuous +
Flower quantity
2;6 +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Fruit atypical some measurement
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
Fruit l w ratio
4-4.5 +
Fruit orientation
spreading +
Fruit pubescence
puberulent +
Fruit quantity
5 +
Fruit some measurement
1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br /> (2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br />) +
Fruits follicle architecture
sessile +  and aggregate +
Fruits follicle shape
curved-cylindric +
Hair coloration
yellow;white +
Hair count or density
sparse +
Hair height or length or size
short +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
John Myers +
Inflorescence architecture
3-12(-22)-flowered +
Inflorescence l w ratio
3+ +
Inflorescence position
axillary +  and terminal +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Inflorescence shape
pyramidal +
Lateral sepal length
1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br /> (2.1 cm21 mm <br />0.021 m <br />) +
Lateral sepal orientation
spreading +
Lateral sepal quantity
2 +
Lateral sepal shape
less ovate +  and elliptic +
Lateral sepal some measurement
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
Lateral sepal width
6mm;12mm +
Leaf-blade architecture
compound +
Leaf-blade architecture or shape
undivided +
Leaf-blade length
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Leaf-blade pubescence
glabrous +  and puberulent +
Leaf-blade shape
round +
Leaf-blade width
1.5cm;7cm +
Leaf architecture
petiolate +
Leaf arrangement
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
Leaf position
cauline +  and basal +
Leaf size
reduced +
Lobe shape
lacerate;crenate +
Lower petal quantity
2 +
Lower petal shape
clawed +, 2-lobed +, ovate +  and plane +
Lower petal some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Lower sepal quantity
2 +
Margin architecture
palmate +  and pinnate +
Margin architecture or shape
entire +
Margin shape
incised;toothed;incised;toothed;entire +
Midpedicel angle degree
30+° +
Nectary presence
absent +
Number of lower taxa
2 +
Other size
smaller +
Ovule quantity
8;20 +
Pedicel atypical some measurement
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
Pedicel orientation
spreading +
Pedicel presence
absent +
Pedicel pubescence
puberulent +
Pedicel some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Perianth position
hypogynous +
Petal blade some measurement
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Petal fusion
distinct +
Petal prominence
conspicuous +
Petal quantity
0;26 +
Petal shape
spurred +, funnel--shaped +, cup-shaped +  and plane +
Petal size
reduced +
Petiole architecture or shape
sheathing +
Petiole height or length or size
shorter +
Petiole presence
absent +
Petiole some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
Pistil architecture
simple +
Pistil atypical quantity
3 (5) +
Pistil quantity
3 +
Publication title
J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia +
Publication year
1834 +
Raceme architecture
2-100-flowered +
Raceme some measurement
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
Reference
None +
Ridge quantity
lacking +
Ridge shape
wavy +
Root architecture
braided +  and 2-9-branched +
Root architecture or arrangement
fasciculate +
Root atypical some measurement
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
Root condition or texture
dry +
Root location
1 +
Root shape
tuberlike +
Root some measurement
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
Root texture
diffuse-fibrous +
Seed architecture
winged +
Seed coloration
dark-brown +  and black +
Seed length
0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br /> (0.29 cm2.9 mm <br />0.0029 m <br />) +
Seed pubescence or relief
rough +
Seed quantity
1;many +
Seed relief
ringed +
Seed shape
obpyramidal +
Seed width
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.19 cm1.9 mm <br />0.0019 m <br />) +
Sepal architecture
petaloid +
Sepal architecture or shape
spurred +
Sepal arrangement
imbricate +
Sepal atypical quantity
6 (20) +
Sepal coloration
dark blue +
Sepal duration
not persistent +
Sepal fusion
distinct +
Sepal pubescence
puberulent +
Sepal quantity
3 +  and 6 +
Side architecture
not +  and veined +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V3/V3 282.xml +
Special status
W2 +, Illustrated +  and Endemic +
Spur course
straight +
Spur orientation
ascending +  and decurved +
Spur some measurement
1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br />) +
Stamen fusion
distinct +
Stamen quantity
25;40 +
Staminode presence
absent +
Stem architecture
unbranched +
Stem atypical quantity
1 (2) +
Stem atypical some measurement
40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br /> (70 cm700 mm <br />0.7 m <br />) +
Stem quantity
1 +
Stem some measurement
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
Stipule presence
absent +
Style duration
persistent +
Style presence
absent +
Surface architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Taxon family
Ranunculaceae +
Taxon name
Delphinium bicolor +
Taxon parent
Delphinium subsect. Bicoloria +
Taxon rank
species +
Ultimate lobe quantity
3 (19) +
Ultimate lobe some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Ultimate lobe width
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Upper petal architecture or shape
spurred +
Upper petal quantity
2 +
Upper sepal architecture or shape
spurred +
Upper sepal quantity
1 +
Upper sepal some measurement
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br />) +
Volume
Volume 3 +
Week atypical quantity
6 (10) +
Week quantity
2 (6) +
Whole organism architecture
rhizomatous +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
herb +
Whole organism position
low +
Whole organism texture
herbaceous +  and woody +
X chromosome quantity
8 +