familyRanunculaceae
genusDelphinium
sectionDelphinium sect. Diedropetala
subsectionDelphinium subsect. Subscaposa
speciesDelphinium recurvatum

Delphinium recurvatum

Greene

Pittonia 1: 285. 1889.

Michael J. Warnock
Common names: Valley larkspur recurved larkspur
Conservation concernEndemic
Synonyms: Delphinium hesperium var. recurvatum (Greene) K. C. Davis
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.

Stems (18-) 30-50 (-85) cm; base reddish, glabrous. Leaves: basal leaves 0-2 at anthesis; cauline leaves 3-7 at anthesis; petiole 1-8 cm. Leaf-blade round to pentagonal, 1-4 × 1.5-6 cm, nearly glabrous; ultimate lobes 3-11, width 3-15 mm (basal), 1-10 mm (cauline). Inflorescences (8-) 10-25 (-47) -flowered, narrowly pyramidal; pedicel ± spreading, (0.5-) 1.5-4 (-6) cm, nearly glabrous; bracteoles 3-8 (-18) mm from flowers, green, sometimes margins white, lanceolate to linear, 3-5 (-8) mm, nearly glabrous. Flowers: sepals light to sky blue (becoming bluer upon drying), puberulent, lateral sepals reflexed, 11-16 × 5-7 (-9) mm, spurs straight to gently upcurved, ascending 0-30° above horizontal, 10-15 (-18) mm; lower petal blades elevated, ± exposing stamens, 5-8 mm, clefts 0.5-2.5 mm; hairs mostly centered on inner lobes near base of cleft, white. Fruits 8-21 mm, 2.2-3 times longer than wide, puberulent. Seeds: seed-coat cells brick-shaped, cell margins undulate, surfaces roughened. 2n = 16.


Phenology: Flowering spring.
Habitat: Grassland, Atriplex scrub
Elevation: 30-600 m

Distribution

V3 1010-distribution-map.gif

Calif.

Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Delphinium recurvatum has a very restricted distribution in the Central (especially San Joaquin) Valley. This species was probably much more common in the past; most of its habitat has been converted into irrigated croplands. Delphinium recurvatum grows in poorly drained, alkaline soils on valley floors.

Hybrids are known between Delphinium recurvatum and D. gypsophilum, D. hesperium, D. parryi, and D. variegatum. Delphinium recurvatum is most likely to be confused with D. gypsophilum or D. hesperium subsp. pallescens. Distinguishing features are found in discussions of those taxa.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"entire" is not a number."thin" is not a number.

... more about "Delphinium recurvatum"
RDF feed
2n chromosome quantity
16 +
Anther dehiscence
dehiscing +
Author
Michael J. Warnock +
Authority
Greene +
Basal leaf quantity
0;2 +
Basal leaf shape
rounded +
Basal leaf size
usually larger +
Basal petiole orientation
spreading +
Base coloration
reddish +
Base fixation
attached +
Base pubescence
glabrous +
Base shape
narrowed +
Base size
expanded +
Beak course
straight +
Beak position or structure subtype
terminal +
Beak some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Bract quantity
fewer +
Bract shape
lobed +
Bract size
smaller +
Bracteole architecture
sepaloid +
Bracteole arrangement
subopposite-subalternate +
Bracteole atypical some measurement
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
Bracteole coloration
green +
Bracteole location
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Bracteole presence
absent +
Bud size
minute +
Bud some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (?) +
Capsule arrangement
aggregated +
Capsule shape
globose;cylindric +
Cauline leaf arrangement
alternate +
Cauline leaf quantity
3 (7) +
Cauline petiole orientation
ascending +
Cell margin course
straight +
Cell margin shape
undulate +
Cell shape
brick--shaped +
Cleft some measurement
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Common name
Valley larkspur +  and recurved larkspur +
Distribution
Calif. +
Elevation
30-600 m +
Embryo size
small +
Endosperm quantity
abundant +
Flower architecture
open +
Flower architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Flower architecture or shape
symmetric +
Flower l w ratio
0-4 +
Flower prominence
showy +  and inconspicuous +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Flower shape
cylindric +  and narrowly pyramidal +
Fruit l w ratio
2.2-3 +
Fruit orientation
erect +
Fruit pubescence
puberulent +
Fruit quantity
5 +
Fruit some measurement
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.1 cm21 mm <br />0.021 m <br />) +
Fruits follicle architecture
sessile +  and aggregate +
Fruits follicle shape
curved-cylindric +
Habitat
Grassland, Atriplex scrub +
Hair coloration
white +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
John Myers +
Inflorescence architecture
(8-)10-25(-47)-flowered +
Inflorescence position
axillary +  and terminal +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Inflorescence quantity
4;8 +
Inflorescence shape
pyramidal +
Lateral sepal atypical width
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
Lateral sepal length
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
Lateral sepal orientation
reflexed +
Lateral sepal quantity
2 +
Lateral sepal shape
less ovate +  and elliptic +
Lateral sepal some measurement
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
Lateral sepal width
5mm;7mm +
Leaf-blade architecture
compound +
Leaf-blade architecture or shape
undivided +
Leaf-blade length
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Leaf-blade pubescence
glabrous +
Leaf-blade shape
round +  and pentagonal +
Leaf-blade width
1.5cm;6cm +
Leaf architecture
petiolate +
Leaf arrangement
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
Leaf position
cauline +  and basal +
Leaf size
largest +
Lobe shape
lacerate;crenate +
Lower petal quantity
2 +
Lower petal shape
clawed +, 2-lobed +, ovate +  and plane +
Lower petal some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Lower sepal quantity
2 +
Margin architecture
palmate +  and pinnate +
Margin architecture or shape
entire +
Margin atypical some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Margin coloration
white +
Margin pubescence
glabrous +
Margin shape
lanceolate;linear +
Margin some measurement
3mm;5mm +
Midpedicel angle degree
30+° +
Nectary presence
absent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Other size
smaller +
Ovule quantity
8;20 +
Pedicel atypical some measurement
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
Pedicel orientation
spreading +
Pedicel presence
absent +
Pedicel pubescence
glabrous +
Pedicel some measurement
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Perianth position
hypogynous +
Petal blade prominence
elevated +
Petal blade some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Petal fusion
distinct +
Petal prominence
conspicuous +
Petal quantity
0;26 +
Petal shape
spurred +, funnel--shaped +, cup-shaped +  and plane +
Petal size
reduced +
Petiole architecture or shape
sheathing +
Petiole height or length or size
shorter +
Petiole presence
absent +
Petiole some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
Phenology
Flowering spring. +
Pistil architecture
simple +
Pistil atypical quantity
3 (5) +
Pistil quantity
3 +
Publication title
Pittonia +
Publication year
1889 +
Raceme architecture
2-100-flowered +
Raceme some measurement
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
Reference
None +
Ridge quantity
lacking +
Ridge shape
wavy +
Root architecture
twisted +  and 3-8(-12)-branched +
Root architecture or arrangement
fasciculate +
Root atypical some measurement
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
Root condition or texture
dry +
Root location
1 +
Root shape
tuberlike +
Root some measurement
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
Root texture
fibrous +
Seed-coat cell shape
brick--shaped +
Seed architecture
wing-margined +
Seed coloration
dark-brown +  and black +
Seed length
0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br /> (0.33 cm3.3 mm <br />0.0033 m <br />) +
Seed pubescence or relief
rough +
Seed quantity
1;many +
Seed relief
not ringed +
Seed shape
rectangular +  and crescent-shaped +
Seed width
0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br />) +
Segment prominence
apparent +
Segment shape
thread-like +
Sepal architecture
petaloid +
Sepal architecture or shape
spurred +
Sepal arrangement
imbricate +
Sepal atypical quantity
6 (20) +
Sepal coloration
light +
Sepal duration
not persistent +
Sepal fusion
distinct +
Sepal pubescence
puberulent +
Sepal quantity
3 +  and 6 +
Side architecture
not +  and veined +
Sky coloration
blue +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V3/V3 1010.xml +
Special status
Conservation concern +  and Endemic +
Spur atypical some measurement
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
Spur course
straight +
Spur orientation
ascending +  and upcurved +
Spur some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Stamen fusion
distinct +
Stamen quantity
25;40 +
Staminode presence
absent +
Stem architecture
unbranched +
Stem atypical quantity
1 (3) +
Stem atypical some measurement
50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br /> (85 cm850 mm <br />0.85 m <br />) +
Stem quantity
1 +
Stem some measurement
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
Stipule presence
absent +
Style duration
persistent +
Style presence
absent +
Surface relief or texture
roughened +
Synonyms
Delphinium hesperium var. recurvatum +
Taxon family
Ranunculaceae +
Taxon name
Delphinium recurvatum +
Taxon parent
Delphinium subsect. Subscaposa +
Taxon rank
species +
Ultimate lobe quantity
3 (11) +
Ultimate lobe some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Ultimate lobe width
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Upper petal architecture or shape
spurred +
Upper petal quantity
2 +
Upper sepal architecture or shape
spurred +
Upper sepal quantity
1 +
Upper sepal some measurement
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br />) +
Volume
Volume 3 +
Week quantity
4 (10) +
Whole organism architecture
rhizomatous +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
herb +
Whole organism position
low +
Whole organism texture
herbaceous +  and woody +
Wider lobe quantity
fewer +
X chromosome quantity
8 +