Dinebra retroflexa

(Vahl) Panz.
Common names: Viper grass
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 64.

Plants loosely tufted. Culms 13-120 cm, decumbent, straggling, often rooting at the lower nodes. Leaves sometimes glandular, particularly on the sheaths; blades 4.5-28 cm long, 4-8 mm wide, finely pointed. Panicles 8-34 cm; branches 0.6-5 (7) cm, stiff, initially ascending, reflexed at maturity; disarticulation at the base of the branches. Spikelets 5.7-9 mm, with 1-3 florets. Glumes 5.7-9 mm, asymmetric, coriaceous, keels glandular, apices caudate-curving; lemmas 2.1-2.9 mm, narrowly ovate, appressed-pubescent on the lateral-veins and adjacent to the lower 1/2 of the central vein; paleas appressed-pubescent on the flaps adjacent to the keels. 2n = 20.

Discussion

Dinebra retroflexa is native from southern Africa through tropical Africa to Egypt, Iraq, Pakistan, and India. It has reportedly been found on chrome ore piles in Canton, Maryland, a temporary unloading ground for ores in the Port of Baltimore (Reed 1964), and in Mecklenberg County, North Carolina. It is a common weed of rich soils in moist, tropical regions.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Dinebra retroflexa"
1 +  and 3 +
caudate-curving +
acute +  and 2-lobed +
Mary E. Barkworth +
(Vahl) Panz. +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
multiple +, , +  and single +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
not fused +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
membranous +
not pseudopetiolate +
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (28 cm280 mm <br />0.28 m <br />) +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
pointed +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (?) +
reflexed;ascending +
spikelike +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
trigonous +  and elliptic-oblong +
triangular +  and dome--shaped +
sometimes longer +
membranous +
Viper grass +
straggling +  and decumbent +
ascending +  and erect +
13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br /> (120 cm1,200 mm <br />1.2 m <br />) +
not woody +
Md. +  and N.C. +
not waisted +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
1 +  and 3 +
bisexual +  and fertile +
round +  and compressed +
reduced +
subtending +
acuminate-aristate +  and keeled +
subequal +
0.57 cm5.7 mm <br />0.0057 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
coriaceous +
uncinate +
paniculate +  and racemose +
hollow +  and solid +
not absent +
appressed-pubescent +
0.21 cm2.1 mm <br />0.0021 m <br /> (0.29 cm2.9 mm <br />0.0029 m <br />) +
membranous +
sometimes longer +
lacerate +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
appressed-pubescent +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (34 cm340 mm <br />0.34 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
spikelike +
elongate +
cuneate +  and compressed +
0.57 cm5.7 mm <br />0.0057 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
compound +  and simple +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Gramineae +
Dinebra retroflexa +
species +
membranous +
7 (?) +  and 13 (?) +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +