Eriogonum racemosum

Nuttall

Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 4: 14. 1848.

Common names: Red-root wild buckwheat
IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Eriogonum racemosum var. obtusum (Bentham) S. Stokes Eriogonum racemosum var. orthocladon (Torrey) S. Stokes
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 295. Mentioned on page 235, 237, 240, 294.

Herbs, erect to slightly spreading, 3–8 (–10) × 0.5–1.5 dm, tomentose to floccose or rarely glabrous, grayish. Stems spreading to erect, without persistent leaf-bases, up to 1/6 height of plant; caudex stems absent; aerial flowering-stems erect to slightly spreading, slender to stout, solid, not fistulose, (1–) 1.5–2.5 (–3) dm, tomentose to floccose, rarely glabrous. Leaves basal, 1 per node; petiole (2–) 3–10 (–15) cm, tomentose to floccose; blade elliptic to ovate or oval to nearly rotund, (1.5–) 2–6 (–10) × 1–4 (–5) cm, lanate to thinly tomentose abaxially, floccose or glabrous and green adaxially, margins plane. Inflorescences virgate or racemose with involucres racemosely disposed throughout or at tips, 15–50 × 05–20 cm, tomentose, rarely glabrous; branches dichotomous, upper secondaries suppressed and bearing 5–20 (–30) racemosely arranged involucres; bracts 3, scalelike, triangular, and (1–) 2.5–7 mm, or leaflike, linear-oblanceolate or oblanceolate to elliptic, and 10–40 × 5–20 (–25) mm. Peduncles absent or erect, stout, 0.3–4 cm, tomentose to floccose. Involucres 1 per node, turbinate to turbinate-campanulate, (2–) 3–5 × (2–) 2.5–4 mm, tomentose to floccose; teeth 5, erect, (0.1–) 0.2–0.5 mm. Flowers (2–) 2.5–5 mm; perianth white to pinkish, glabrous; tepals connate proximal 1/4, monomorphic, oblong; stamens exserted, 2–5 mm; filaments pilose proximally. Achenes light-brown, 3–4 mm, glabrous. 2n = 36.


Phenology: Flowering Jun–Oct.
Habitat: Sandy to gravelly flats and slopes, mixed grass, sagebrush, and mountain mahogany communities, scrub oak, pinyon, juniper, and conifer woodlands
Elevation: 1400-2900(-3500) m

Distribution

V5 583-distribution-map.gif

Ariz., Colo., Nev., N.Mex., Utah.

Discussion

Eriogonum racemosum is highly variable in stature, the presence of leaflike bracts in the inflorescences, the size and shape of the leaves, and the length of the mature flowers. None of these features is geographically correlated and thus no taxonomic distinctions are attempted. The species is occasionally cultivated. The tomentose, nonfistulose flowering stems easily distinguish it from Eriogonum zionis. Individuals of E. racemosum with glabrous flowering stems are known (Reveal & Holmgren 1893, BRY, US, UTC; Goodrich 17355, BRY; Neese & White 9237, BRY), but are rare and clearly aberrant expressions.

The Navajo or Diné people use the roots of Eriogonum racemosum as a “life medicine,” primarily in the treatment of internal problems, notably poisoning and diarrhea (C. Arnold, pers. comm.; P. A. Vestal 1952). They also use it as an analgesic and orthopedic aid (D. E. Moerman 1986; L. C. Wyman and S. K. Harris 1951); there are reports of its use for venereal disease. Leaves and stems were eaten raw by the Ramah Navajo in northwestern New Mexico (Wyman and Harris).

Eriogonum racemosum is the food plant for the Spalding dotted-blue butterfly (Euphilotes spaldingi) and is occasionally visited by the desert green or Comstock’s hairstreak (Callophrys comstocki).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Eriogonum racemosum"
light-brown +
included +  and exserted +
3-gonous +
usually red +  and cream or yellow +
oblong +  and ellipsoid or oval +
acute;obtuse or rounded +
James L. Reveal +
Nuttall +
deciduous +  and persistent +
stipelike +
Undefined subg. Eucycla +
papillate +
awn-tipped +  and simple +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
lanate +  and thinly tomentose abaxially +
elliptic;ovate or oval +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
not awn-tipped +
leaflike +  and semileaflike +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
glandular +, pubescent +  and glabrous +
oblanceolate +  and elliptic +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
not brittle +
spreading +  and erect +
tomentose +  and floccose or glabrous occasionally lanate or glandular +
scabrellous +
ridged +, angled +  and round +
spreading +  and erect +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
Red-root wild buckwheat +
Ariz. +, Colo. +, Nev. +, N.Mex. +  and Utah. +
1400-2900(-3500) m +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
unisexual +, , +  and bisexual +
not attenuate +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
decumbent to erect +  and prostrate +
not fistulose +
slender;stout +
unwinged +  and winged +
black +, red +, brown +  and yellowish +
exserted +  and included +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
spheroidal +, 4-gonous +, lenticular +, biconvex +, discoid +, 3-gonous +  and 2-gonous +
Sandy to gravelly flats and slopes, mixed grass, sagebrush, and mountain mahogany communities, scrub oak, pinyon, juniper, and conifer woodlands +
reduced +
capitate +  and subcapitate +
dense +  and diffuse +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
glabrous +  and tomentose +
cymelike +, paniclelike +, racemelike +  and spikelike +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
connate +  and free +
arranged +, at tips +  and disposed +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
tomentose +  and floccose +
turbinate +  and turbinate-campanulate +
nonmembranous +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
in whorls +, opposite +, alternate +  and rosulate +
persistent +
bractlike +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
not swollen +
orthotropous +
accrescent +
curved +  and straight +
tomentose;floccose +
erect to deflexed +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
white;pinkish +
cylindric +  and urceolate +
accrescent +
fleshy +, indurate +  and membranous +
with extrafloral nectaries +  and not articulate +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
tomentose +  and floccose +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
Flowering Jun–Oct. +
homostylous +  and 3-carpellate +
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia +
, +  and solid +
slender;stout +
persistent +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
decumbent to erect +  and prostrate +
spreading +  and erect +
glandular +, pubescent +  and glabrous +
penicillate +, fimbriate +  and capitate +
deciduous +  and persistent +
2-lobed +  and cylindric +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
consisting of a series +  and tubular +
distinct +
erect;spreading or recurved +
spreading;erect +
Eriogonum racemosum var. obtusum +  and Eriogonum racemosum var. orthocladon +
chambered +  and solid +
slender +  and stout +
Eriogonum racemosum +
Eriogonum subg. Eucycla +
species +
emarginate +  and entire +
0 +  and 1/2 +
coriaceous +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
persistent +
membranous +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
erect;slightly spreading +
tomentose +  and floccose or rarely glabrous +
synoecious +, monocarpic +, polycarpic +  and , +
3 +, 2 +  and 1 +