Taxon	Illustrator ⠉
	Tilia americana Corchorus siliquosus Triumfetta rhomboidea	Barbara Alongi Barbara Alongi Barbara Alongi

Herbs, annual or perennial, subshrubs, [trees], taprooted. Stems erect, usually much-branched, hairy, hairs stellate or 1-rayed and apparently simple. Leaves petiolate; stipules subpersistent, linearlanceolate to lanceolate; blade ovate or broadly ovate to oblongelliptic, lanceolate-elliptic, or ovate-elliptic, rhombic-ovate, or suborbiculate, often palmately 3–5-lobed, herbaceous, margins serrate to dentate, surfaces usually stellate-pubescent, palmately 3–7-veined. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, cymose [solitary flowers or fasciculate], 2 or 3 (–5) -flowered, simple or ultimately 1–4-branched, clusters leaf-opposed at axils, sometimes appearing subspicate. Flowers: sepals 5, [triangular-lanceolate] narrowly oblong to linear, valvate, often cucullate, commonly with hornlike subapical apiculum, stellate-pubescent to glabrate; petals 5 [absent or relatively small], yellow, narrowly oblanceolate to oblong or linear-oblong, usually with basal, adaxial glands; stamens 5–25 [–60], on androgynophore; staminodes 0; ovary 2–4 [or 5] -locular; ovules 1 or 2 per locule; styles 1, simple, short-cylindric; stigmas 2–5-lobed. Capsules globose to ovoid-globose or ovoid, 2–3 [–6] -valved, spiny, spines uncinate [straight], glabrous or hairy, indehiscent [dehiscence loculicidal]. Seeds 1–2 per locule, irregularly ovoid to obovoid or pyriform, smooth. x = 8.

Distribution

se United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Asia, Africa

Discussion

Species 100–150 (3 in the flora).

Plants of Triumfetta vary in habit, in leaf size, shape, and vestiture, and in some floral features. Leaves are shed or smaller during stress (R. G. Collevatti et al. 1998). Fruits usually are necessary for unambiguous identification.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

Triumfetta pentandra, Triumfetta rhomboidea, Triumfetta semitriloba

Key

1	Capsules: spines glabrate, capsule surfaces densely tomentose-pilose.	Triumfetta rhomboidea
1	Capsules: spines retrorsely barbed or densely hirsute on 1 side, capsule surfaces glabrous or sparsely minutely hirtellous or densely tomentose	> 2
2	Herbs; capsules ovoid, densely tomentose, spines densely hirsute on 1 side; leaf surfaces: abaxial moderately hairy with mix of stellate hairs (laminae) and simple hairs (veins).	Triumfetta pentandra
2	Subshrubs; capsules globose to slightly ovoid, glabrous or sparsely minutely hirtellous, spines retrorsely barbed; leaf surfaces: abaxial (veins and laminae) densely stellate-pubescent.	Triumfetta semitriloba