light-redbrown, ca. 0.6–0.7 (–1) cm, slightly resinous. Leaves (2–) 3 (–4) per fascicle, spreading-ascending, persisting 2 years, 6–15cm × 0.8–1mm, straight
8 KB (568 words) - 00:34, 30 July 2020
tomentose, scale margins ciliate. Leaves of short-shoots 2–3.5cm × 0.6–0.8mm, 0.4–0.6mm thick, keeled abaxially, 2-angled adaxially; resin canals 40–80µm
5 KB (515 words) - 00:28, 30 July 2020
veins, with 0 to many additional veins between the major veins, sometimes also in the margins, often keeled over the major veins; lodicules (0) 2-3, inconspicuous
35 KB (1,876 words) - 02:36, 30 July 2020
Pinus nigra Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Trees to 25m (often shrublike); trunk to 0.25m diam.; crown narrowly conic to spirelike. Bark gray-brown
6 KB (553 words) - 00:25, 30 July 2020
centuries were S. F. Blake, N. L. Britton, R. S. Ferris, M. L. Fernald, E. L. Greene, H. M. Hall, M. E. Jones, D. D. Keck, P. A. Rydberg, J. K. Small, and
275 KB (5,940 words) - 15:30, 15 December 2020
subtending spikelets scalelike, very rarely leaflike. Spikelets 1-flowered; scales 0–1. Flowers unisexual; staminate flowers without scales; pistillate flowers
80 KB (3,349 words) - 15:29, 15 December 2020
singly or in glomerules, rarely aggregated in second-order heads. Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 3–5+ series
30 KB (1,803 words) - 22:30, 29 July 2020
paniculiform, racemiform, or spiciform arrays, sometimes borne singly. Calyculi 0. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 3–5+ series (usually in spirals
79 KB (1,886 words) - 20:55, 29 July 2020
E. Janchen 1942; I. A. Al-Shehbaz 1984; M. Koch et al. 1999; O. Appel and Al-Shehbaz 2003; Koch et al. 2003; M. A. Beilstein et al. 2006; Al-Shehbaz et
107 KB (3,718 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
Amer. Sept. 2: 639. 1814 Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Trees to 25m; trunk to 0.75m diam.; crown spirelike. Bark gray, thin, smooth, with age developing
8 KB (559 words) - 00:31, 30 July 2020
racemiform, or spiciform arrays, sometimes borne singly or in glomerules. Calyculi 0. Phyllaries usually persistent (readily falling), usually in 2–8+ series, distinct
17 KB (728 words) - 22:41, 29 July 2020
17 Low rhizomatous shrubs, 0.2-2(-3)m, rarely small trees. Quercus boyntonii 17 Forest trees with single straight trunks to 25m, not rhizomatous. Quercus
27 KB (606 words) - 08:45, 30 July 2020
Nevada Eriogonum crosbyae 45 Flowering stems 0.02-0.15 dm; leaf blades (0.2-)0.25-0.45(-0.7) × (0.07-)0.1-0.25 cm; San Francisco Mountains, Beaver County
80 KB (1,352 words) - 10:29, 30 July 2020
glabrous or spreading-hairy (C. exserta), pollen-sacs 2, unequal; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma capitate, entire, or 2-lobed.
79 KB (2,746 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
among leaves of basal rosettes [aggregated in second-order heads]. Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets in 1–3+ series. Phyllaries usually persistent, usually
30 KB (805 words) - 20:06, 29 July 2020
distinct, rarely a minute rim (Hippuris) or 0 (Callitriche), calyx radially or bilaterally symmetric; petals 0 (Callitriche, Hippuris) or (3 or) 4 or 5,
26 KB (1,000 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
al. 2001; Barber et al. 2002). Barber, J.C., S.A. Aliscioni, L.M. Giussani, J.D. Noll, M.R. Duvall, and E.A. Kellogg. 2002. Combined analyses of three independent
17 KB (1,292 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
the glumes and beneath the florets, sometimes below the glumes. Spikelets 0.7-50 mm, laterally compressed, sometimes weakly so, sometimes viviparous, usually
45 KB (1,179 words) - 03:07, 30 July 2020
this lineage (J. D. Ambrose 1975, 1980; M. Takahashi and S. Kawano 1989; R. W. Cruden 1991; P. Goldblatt 1995; M. N. Tamura 1995, 1998b; W. B. Zomlefer
29 KB (1,493 words) - 05:37, 30 July 2020
cymiform, corymbiform, paniculiform, racemiform, or spiciform arrays. Calyculi 0. Involucres cylindric, or campanulate to hemispheric or broader, or rotate
21 KB (800 words) - 22:59, 29 July 2020
paniculiform, racemiform, or spiciform arrays, sometimes borne singly. Calyculi 0 or of 1–15+ bractlets in 1 (–2+) series. Phyllaries persistent or falling,
23 KB (1,021 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
spiciform arrays, sometimes borne singly or in subcapitate clusters. Calyculi 0. Phyllaries persistent or falling, usually in 3–5+ series, distinct, unequal
23 KB (1,089 words) - 20:43, 29 July 2020
scales (0.1–0.4 mm), sometimes connate, plus 5–40 (–50), stramineous, barbellate bristles, sometimes pappi only on ray or only on disc cypselae, or 0. x =
97 KB (2,063 words) - 21:58, 29 July 2020
strigillose; pappi persistent, outer setiform scales (0.25–0.5 mm; rarely present) plus 2 series of 25–45 longer, barbellate bristles, mid apically attenuate
18 KB (1,000 words) - 21:32, 29 July 2020
suborbiculate, 1–8 (–12) cm, length 1.6–2 times width, coriaceous to thin, lobes 0 or 1–4 or 5 (–9), sinuses usually shallow, sometimes deep, veins 1–8 (–10)
28 KB (995 words) - 14:38, 30 July 2020
often resinous. Receptacles slightly convex, pitted, epaleate. Ray-florets 0, or 1–18, pistillate, fertile; corollas usually yellow (white in E. gilmanii
23 KB (1,156 words) - 22:11, 29 July 2020
Majesty's Stationery Office, London, England. 389 pp. Columbus, J.T., M.S. Kinney, R. Pant and M.E. Siqueiros Delgado. 1998. Cladistic parsimonv analysis of internal
34 KB (1,217 words) - 04:33, 30 July 2020
prophyll subtending and enclosing rachilla, bearing 1 pistillate, sometimes (0–) 3 staminate flowers and empty scales (Carex, Cymophyllus, and Kobresia).
24 KB (775 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
turf-forming or loosely cespitose, green distally and brown proximally. Stems 0.2–4 (–10) cm, irregularly branching, mostly rounded-pentagonal but occasionally
28 KB (882 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
proximal to middle of corolla, didynamous, filaments glabrous or hairy, staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma bilamellate. Fruits capsules,
49 KB (1,607 words) - 18:59, 29 July 2020
petiole present; blade ± cordate or reniform to narrowly elliptic in outline, 0.5–25 (–30) cm, foliaceous, rarely ± coriaceous; leaflets 3–15 (–41), terminal
31 KB (1,939 words) - 13:53, 30 July 2020
the PLANTS database on the basis of a putative record in R. D. Thomas and C. M. Allen (1993–1998); there appears to be no such record therein. The only specimen
19 KB (877 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
usually black, occasionally gray, flattened, round, rarely obovate or ovate. x = 25, 30. e coastal plain, se, sc, w United States, n, c, w Mexico, n Central America
17 KB (687 words) - 06:11, 30 July 2020
subsessile in Pereskia and several genera outside the flora), terete or flat, 0–3 cm (to 10 cm in Pereskia); stipules absent. Spines flexible and hairlike
40 KB (1,967 words) - 15:27, 15 December 2020
occasionally below the pedicels. Spikelets with 1 (2-3) florets. Glumes usually (0) 1 (2-3) -veined, apices entire, erose, or toothed, truncate to acuminate,
42 KB (1,621 words) - 04:38, 30 July 2020
the choice of either; no new combinations have been made. Beilstein, M. A. and M. D. Windham. 2003. A phylogenetic analysis of western North American Draba
85 KB (2,094 words) - 12:08, 30 July 2020
linear-lanceolate to linear, setaceous, or subulate, sometimes oblanceolate to obovate, (0) 1-7-veined, sometimes keeled over 1 vein, not necessarily the central vein
45 KB (3,070 words) - 03:00, 30 July 2020
(8–10 in M. godfreyi), arising from hypanthium; filaments distinct; staminodes absent; styles 3 (to 4 in M. cumberlandensis, M. godfreyi), filiform, 0.6–2.5
25 KB (1,236 words) - 10:19, 30 July 2020
conduplicate, each partly investing its subtended floret). Ray-florets 0 or 3–25+, neuter; corollas yellow or orange, brown-purple, maroon, or reddish,
9 KB (600 words) - 23:53, 29 July 2020
120° from it; in most other pleurocarps the first branch leaf is lateral. M. S. Ignatov and S. Huttunen (2002) divided the family into four subfamilies
28 KB (900 words) - 07:47, 30 July 2020
14 Shrubs 0.2–0.3(–0.5) m; stems spreading; capsules 4–5 mm wide; leaf blade surfaces pilosulous. Ceanothus diversifolius 14 Shrubs 1–3.5 m; stems erect
15 KB (437 words) - 18:13, 29 July 2020
(May) June to fall, usually partially or totally cleistogamous. Spikelets 0.8-5.2 mm, not subtended by bristles, dorsally compressed, surfaces unequally
26 KB (1,343 words) - 04:00, 30 July 2020
muriculate); pappi 0, or (single or double) persistent, whitish, crenate crowns or rings of (1–) 8–25+ teeth (mostly 0.05–0.1 mm) plus 0–6, coarse, smooth
16 KB (748 words) - 20:19, 29 July 2020
strongly distichous; sheaths open, often with tufts of hairs at the apices, hairs 0.3-8 mm; ligules usually membranous and ciliolate or ciliate, cilia sometimes
33 KB (1,388 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
due to evolutionary convergence, not shared ancestry. Molecular analyses by M. Koch et al. (2001) and T. Mitchell-Olds et al. (2005) revealed that Arabis
73 KB (2,294 words) - 12:15, 30 July 2020
with distal peduncular bracts, mostly 1/5–1/2+ times phyllaries), sometimes 0. Involucres mostly cylindric or turbinate to campanulate, 5–15 (–40) mm diam
30 KB (1,295 words) - 21:10, 29 July 2020
with 1 (-3) floret (s) per spikelet; disarticulation above the glumes. Glumes 0-1-veined; calluses poorly developed, usually glabrous; lemmas membranous or
22 KB (1,094 words) - 04:32, 30 July 2020
thick; achenes 0.6–0.8 mm wide. Carex crawfordii 12 Perigynia 1.2–3.8 mm wide, 0.35–0.7 mm thick; achenes 0.85–2 mm wide (0.7–0.9 mm in C. scoparia). > 13
57 KB (937 words) - 01:54, 30 July 2020
subpinnate. Inflorescences axillary, flowers usually at medial to distal nodes, 0 or 1 (or 2) in each axil, thus 1 or 2 (–4) flowers at each node; bracts absent
28 KB (1,133 words) - 19:01, 29 July 2020
according to species from 0% to 100% mature size. Lobing, here often expressed as Leaf Incision Index, or LII, varies from 0% (not incised) to 100% (incised
26 KB (2,400 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
with 1 floret each aggregated into second-order heads in Echinops). Calyculi 0 (involucres sometimes closely subtended by leaflike peduncle bracts). Phyllaries
15 KB (836 words) - 20:05, 29 July 2020
plumose, (0.5–) 2–25 (–31) × 0.01–0.6 mm; radial spines (6–) 10–80 per areole, straight to curved or crinkly bristles, (0.6–) 3–25 mm; central spines 0–several
18 KB (1,104 words) - 09:27, 30 July 2020
papillate, sometimes smooth; staminode included to exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–0.8 (–1.1) mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 5–60 (–90) % hairy, hairs
36 KB (1,140 words) - 19:13, 29 July 2020
mm; wool white, gray, or tan to brown, aging white or gray to black. Spines 0–15+ per areole, white, yellow to brown, redbrown to gray, or black, sometimes
34 KB (1,067 words) - 09:16, 30 July 2020
not spread to the surrounding area (P. M. Brown 2002). Bletia patula Hooker is an apparent garden escape (P. M. Brown 2000). A single vegetative specimen
41 KB (2,210 words) - 05:19, 30 July 2020
adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous; filaments glabrate to lanate; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma linear, rarely 2-lobed (A. neoscotica)
23 KB (952 words) - 19:30, 29 July 2020
staminodia) 0–250 [–300], distinct or connate proximally, often 2–4-seriate, linear; stamens 1–500 (–700), distinct or connate in groups; pistil 1, 1–25-carpellate;
17 KB (1,102 words) - 09:13, 30 July 2020
Paspalum virletii, Paspalum wrightii L. Charles M. Allen, David W. Hall Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 566. Plants annual or perennial;
22 KB (1,167 words) - 04:18, 30 July 2020
A. Cronquist 1981) have considered them petals; we follow L. Petrusson and M. Thulin (1996) in considering these structures to be staminodes that replace
29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
Rose and C. bolensis S. Boyd & J. Keeley, both endemic to Mexico. Species 25 (23 in the flora). In the following key, references to indumentum do not include
14 KB (504 words) - 18:27, 29 July 2020
ovate, elliptic or cylindric, occasionally inclined, 0.5–3 (–7) mm, exothecial cells rectangular, 25–30 µm, ca. 2–3: 1, walls thin or evenly thickened; annulus
26 KB (1,447 words) - 07:08, 30 July 2020
recognized at the infraspecific (R. M. Tryon 1955) and specific (L. H. Snyder Jr. and J. G. Bruce 1986; J. W. Thieret 1980; J. M. Beitel and W. R. Buck, pers
17 KB (719 words) - 00:22, 30 July 2020
genusEleocharis subgenusEleocharis subg. Eleocharis S. Galen Smith*, Jeremy J. Bruhl*, M. Socorro González-Elizondo*, Francis J. Menapace* Treatment appears in FNA
37 KB (456 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
frondosum, pistillate, fertile; corollas white, pink, blue, or purple (rays 0, peripheral pistillate florets in 2–5+ series, corollas lacking laminae in
62 KB (1,546 words) - 15:28, 15 December 2020
hair lengths, puberulent is to about 0.15 mm long, short-villous to about 0.3 mm long, and long-villous from 0.3-0.4+ mm long, but these are only guidelines
87 KB (2,178 words) - 03:17, 30 July 2020
Beccabunga (Hill) M. M. Martínez Ortega, Albach & M. A. Fischer (species 11–17, type V. beccabunga), subg. Pellidosperma (E. B. J. Lehman) M. M. Martínez Ortega
20 KB (967 words) - 19:23, 29 July 2020
on page 23, 24, 29, 49, 51, 61, 64, 66, 67, 71, 75, 78, 83, 86. Shrubs, 0.005–6 m, clonal by layering or rhizomes, rarely root shoots, or not clonal. Stems
22 KB (876 words) - 12:17, 30 July 2020
Seeds black, flattened, obovoid, becoming globose distally. x = 30 (5 large, 25 small). Warmer regions in the Americas from the sw United States and Fla.
24 KB (1,110 words) - 06:12, 30 July 2020
scattered throughout. Stems usually deciduous and withering at end of season, 0–5 (–10+), erect to ascending, decumbent, or prostrate, simple, [woody], leafy;
39 KB (2,374 words) - 11:16, 30 July 2020
few or 0). Heads radiate or discoid, borne singly or in compact or congested to open, corymbiform, cymiform, or subumbelliform arrays. Calyculi 0 or 1–5+
40 KB (1,171 words) - 21:16, 29 July 2020
Cosmopolitan, greatest occurrence in temperate regions Genera 25, species ca. 140 (9 genera, 25 species in the flora). Species of Ditrichaceae usually colonize
12 KB (480 words) - 06:59, 30 July 2020
49, 51, 57, 60, 61, 86, 104, 107, 120, 125, 126, 133. Shrubs or trees, 0.05–20 m, not clonal or, sometimes, clonal by layering or stem fragmentation. Stems
52 KB (888 words) - 11:54, 30 July 2020
(glomerules or second-order heads of 1–2-flowered heads in Lagascea). Calyculi 0. Involucres cylindric to hemispheric or rotate. Phyllaries persistent, 4–45
10 KB (633 words) - 23:14, 29 July 2020
Phanopyrum L. Robert W. Freckmann, Michel G. Lelong Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 450. Plants annual or perennial; their habit variable.
26 KB (1,480 words) - 04:05, 30 July 2020
or pitted, epaleate. Ray-florets usually (3–) 8–13 (–16), sometimes 14–34 [0], pistillate, fertile; corollas (usually withering after flowering, falling
15 KB (1,046 words) - 22:37, 29 July 2020
1-seeded > 16 16 Leaf blades cuneate at base, otherwise broadly oblanceolate, 0.5–1.5 cm; mericarps 5; usually saline habitats. Billieturnera 16 Leaf blades
20 KB (532 words) - 11:23, 30 July 2020
35, 38, 48, 49, 52, 54, 55, 647. Shrubs, subshrubs, or herbs, perennial, 0.5–30 (–50) dm; fibrous, ± woody in species with larger plants. Stems 1–several
35 KB (2,155 words) - 15:31, 15 December 2020
each bract 0. Pedicels present. Staminate flowers: sepals 0; petals 0; nectary absent; stamen 1; pistillode absent. Pistillate flowers: sepals 0 (ovary subtended
18 KB (1,360 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
flowers 1 or 2. Flowers bisexual, perianth and androecium hypogynous; sepals (0 or) 2–5 (–8), connate, calyx radially or bilaterally symmetric; petals [4 or]
19 KB (841 words) - 19:24, 29 July 2020
usually from 1/6 as long as to equaling the spikelets, occasionally absent, 0-5-veined, usually pubescent; lower florets sterile; lower lemmas membranous
23 KB (1,318 words) - 03:56, 30 July 2020
(paleate in A. palmeri). Florets: usually peripheral 3–20 pistillate and fertile (0 pistillate in A. nesiotica, A. palmeri); central (or all) 14–70 bisexual and
11 KB (598 words) - 20:49, 29 July 2020
sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.1–0.2 mm, sometimes papillate or smooth; staminode included to exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–1.3 mm diam., tip straight
29 KB (982 words) - 19:10, 29 July 2020
prominently veined or ribbed; beak present or absent, terminal, straight to coiled, 0-4 mm. x = 7. Nearly worldwide, mostly temperate Species 120-200 (22 in the
17 KB (836 words) - 08:34, 30 July 2020
[winged or carunculate]; endosperm absent; embryo straight [curved]; cotyledons 25–40% of total embryo length. Nearly worldwide except very cold or very dry
10 KB (558 words) - 11:15, 30 July 2020
in M. tolmiei); stipules absent; petiole present (absent in M. bryophora, M. tolmiei; ± absent in M. foliolosa, M. stellaris; appearing absent in M. tempestiva);
27 KB (988 words) - 13:15, 30 July 2020
10–15-ribbed, glabrous or hairy; pappi 0, or persistent, coroniform, or of 2–5 ovate, scarious scales, or of 20–25+ unequal bristles, or of 5 scales plus
7 KB (473 words) - 23:35, 29 July 2020
Acetosa, Acetosella, and Bucephalophora (see e.g., Á. Löve 1983; Löve and B. M. Kapoor 1967; N. N. Tzvelev 1987b, 1989b). These taxa probably represent distinct
41 KB (1,085 words) - 10:05, 30 July 2020
stamens 4, didynamous, filaments glabrous or hairy, pollen-sacs equal; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma capitate. Capsules: dehiscence
19 KB (1,040 words) - 19:27, 29 July 2020
spreading to suberect; petals caducous, usually (3 or) 4 or 5 (–7), sometimes 0, usually yellow, sometimes white, when yellow, then often ultraviolet-reflecting
30 KB (1,654 words) - 21:01, 7 June 2022
xerocastique, perfect (reduced in B. acuminatum). Calyptra naked. Spores 9–25 µm. Nearly worldwide, high Arctic to tropics Species ca. 80 (21 in the flora)
18 KB (751 words) - 07:47, 30 July 2020
Involucres mostly campanulate to hemispheric or turbinate-cylindric, (2.5–) 3–22 (–25) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent or tardily falling, 18–40 in (2–) 3–7 series
24 KB (826 words) - 22:52, 29 July 2020
9 7 Involucellar bractlets (0–)1–2; petals white or purple-tinged; leaf blades lobed, maplelike; plants (0.4–)0.8–1.5(–2) m. Sidalcea malachroides 7 Involucellar
21 KB (668 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
poisonings of humans, domestic pets, and livestock (J. M. Kingsbury 1964; S. D. Mancini and J. M. Edwards 1979). Kalmia also is reportedly toxic, perhaps
33 KB (1,383 words) - 13:10, 30 July 2020
terete, fusiform or globose, sometimes somewhat laterally compressed; calluses 0.1-4 mm, blunt to sharp, usually strigose; lemmas stiffly membranous to coriaceous
28 KB (2,014 words) - 02:45, 30 July 2020
Guide. Denver. Raup, H. M. 1943. The willows of the Hudson Bay Region and the Labrador Peninsula. Sargentia 4: 81–135. Raup, H. M. 1959. The willows of boreal
35 KB (4,327 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
supported by molecular data (A. E. Senters and D. E. Soltis 2003; L. M. Schultheis and M. J. Donoghue 2004). Subgenus Grossularia (Miller) Persoon appears
23 KB (1,464 words) - 13:16, 30 July 2020
pericarp separable > 34 34 Plants 0.1-0.7 m [7b.2d. Chenopodium subsect. Leptophylla] Chenopodium atrovirens 34 Plants 0.5-1.2 m [7b.2e. Chenopodium subsect
19 KB (716 words) - 09:29, 30 July 2020
usually borne singly, sometimes in glomerules or corymbiform arrays. Calyculi 0. Involucres mostly campanulate, cylindric, hemispheric, obconic, or ± rotate
13 KB (688 words) - 22:34, 29 July 2020
oblanceolate, spatulate, fan-shaped, or rhombic, seldom folded along midribs, 0.5–18 cm, membranous to leathery, margins flat, usually entire or toothed, sometimes
43 KB (1,828 words) - 14:17, 30 July 2020
clusters, or in corymbiform, cymiform, or paniculiform arrays. Calyculi usually 0 (sometimes 1–3 bractlets in Schkuhria). Involucres campanulate to narrowly
17 KB (818 words) - 23:57, 29 July 2020