brown, dull. Stems erect-ascending and often 2-fid, or creeping, branches many, erect or ascending, simple or 2-fid; outer cell-walls thick, central strand
14 KB (382 words) - 07:42, 30 July 2020
per locule, anatropous; styles 1–5 (–9), distinct or connate, unbranched, 2-fid, or multifid; stigmas 1–32+. Fruits usually capsules, dehiscence septicidal
24 KB (1,347 words) - 18:25, 29 July 2020
or absent, blade apex entire, notched, or 2 (-4) -fid, sometimes dentate or laciniate; stamens 1-10, in 1 or 2 whorls, arising from base of ovary, nectariferous
29 KB (1,113 words) - 10:14, 30 July 2020
absent, blade apex entire or 2-fid, sometimes jagged or emarginate, rarely laciniate; stamens absent or (1–) 5 (–10), in 1 or 2 whorls, arising from base
11 KB (765 words) - 10:56, 30 July 2020
243, 252. Herbs, annual or perennial, cespitose or not, rhizomatous or not, stoloniferous or not. Roots fibrous, principally adventitious. Stems (culms)
24 KB (775 words) - 01:21, 30 July 2020
apex entire or emarginate to 2-fid, sometimes dentate to lacinate; stamens (5 or) 10 (absent in pistillate flowers), in 1 or 2 whorls, arising from base of
11 KB (721 words) - 10:22, 30 July 2020
pollen in monads or tetrads. Pistillate flowers: ovary 1-locular; styles 3, not 2-fid. Fruits ovoid to lance-ellipsoid, smooth, dehiscing irregularly. Seeds
8 KB (497 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
appendaged, margins entire or emarginate to 2-fid, rarely pinnatifid [fimbriate or filiform]; stamens (2 or 4) 6 [8–24], in 2 whorls, usually tetradynamous (lateral
107 KB (3,718 words) - 12:07, 30 July 2020
in distal 1/3–1/4; apex sharply acuminate; costa strong, not obscured by laminal cells, not 2-fid at end, abaxial costa cells smooth; laminal cells rectangular
5 KB (300 words) - 07:57, 30 July 2020
Pistillate flowers: ovary 1-locular; styles 3–5, not 2-fid. Fruits ovoid to spheric, smooth or ridged, not echinate, dehiscing by decay of pericarp. Seeds
9 KB (551 words) - 00:51, 30 July 2020
(1–) 3-carpellate; styles (1–) 3, distinct or connate basally, unbranched, 2-fid, or multifid. Fruits usually capsules (achenes in C. michauxii). Seeds ellipsoid
24 KB (874 words) - 18:18, 29 July 2020
linear; pollen in monads. Pistillate flowers: ovary 1-locular; styles 3, not 2-fid. Fruits ovoid, smooth, dehiscing irregularly. Seeds fusiform, mucilaginous
6 KB (320 words) - 00:57, 30 July 2020
distinct; anthers fusiform; pollen in monads; ovary 1-locular; styles 1, not 2-fid. Fruits cylindric, ridged, dehiscing irregularly. Seeds ellipsoid or fusiform
6 KB (335 words) - 00:57, 30 July 2020
placentation axile; ovules 2 per locule, anatropous or hemitropous; styles [2–] 3–10 [–15], distinct or connate, unbranched or 2-fid; stigmas [2–] 3–10 [–15] (as
13 KB (776 words) - 18:34, 29 July 2020
elongate in usually 2–4 rows, costa in medial transverse-section usually with a differentiated epidermis adaxially or on both sides, 1 or 2 stereid bands, the
28 KB (882 words) - 07:00, 30 July 2020
usually greatly exceeding tubercle; styles 3-fid and 2-fid (rarely all 2-fid or all 3-fid?); stamens 3 (or 2); widespread. Eleocharis obtusa 12 All or some
37 KB (456 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
single (double in Splachnum); exostome teeth 8–12 or 16, rarely 2-fid, approximate in groups of 2 and 4, densely and finely papillose. Calyptra mitrate or rarely
9 KB (361 words) - 07:32, 30 July 2020
3-carpellate; styles 3, distinct or connate basally to most of length, unbranched or 2-fid. Fruits capsules, tardily dehiscent and with spongy mesocarp in E. lathyris
18 KB (1,360 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
bristles are usually absent, when present, 1–2, caducous, and sparsely spinulose; the styles are (2–)3-fid, greatly elongated, stigmas are exserted from
18 KB (736 words) - 01:57, 30 July 2020
ovate, 2.5–4.5 mm, herbaceous, margins white, scarious, apex acute to obtuse, not hooded; petals 5, white to pink, clawed, blade apex jagged but not 2-fid;
8 KB (543 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
ovary glabrous or hairy; styles distinct or connate basally, unbranched or 2-fid. Seeds: caruncle absent (except for a carunclelike structure in E. carunculata)
36 KB (819 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
wings; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base deciduous or persistent; stigmas 2–3. Achenes biconvex, flattened, or trigonous. Pantemperate
7 KB (420 words) - 01:32, 30 July 2020
in moniliform chains. Pistillate flowers: ovary 1-locular; styles 6–8, not 2-fid. Fruits spheric, echinate, dehiscing into 6–8 irregular valves. Seeds pyriform;
7 KB (392 words) - 01:01, 30 July 2020
pollen in monads. Pistillate flowers floating; ovary 1-locular; styles 1, not 2-fid. Fruits cylindric to ellipsoid, ridged, dehiscing irregularly. Seeds ellipsoid
6 KB (384 words) - 00:58, 30 July 2020
Leaves widespreading when moist, 1–1.2 mm; apex acuminate; costa percurrent or nearly so, not spurred, tip not 2-fid. Perichaetia with inner leaves 1.6–1
4 KB (395 words) - 07:54, 30 July 2020
base; filaments distinct; pollen in monads; ovary 1-locular; styles 3–9, not 2-fid. Fruits oblong, ridged, dehiscing irregularly. Seeds fusiform, covered
6 KB (382 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
terminal, or scapose, 1-flowered or cymose, subtended by spathe; spathe a 2-fid bract or pair of opposite bracts. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate
11 KB (422 words) - 00:55, 30 July 2020
percurrent, not 2-fid or sinuate, somewhat obscure distally; alar cells not well differentiated; proximal laminal cells 1–2: 1, walls not or obscurely
9 KB (552 words) - 07:45, 30 July 2020
adaxial 2, adaxial lip galeate, rounded at apex, opening downward; stamens (2 or) 4, didynamous, filaments hairy or glabrous; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular
10 KB (460 words) - 18:57, 29 July 2020
large, in lax to dense tufts. Stems erect or sometimes decumbent, simple, 2-fid, fastigiate, or with subfloral whorl of branches, usually tomentose proximally
11 KB (380 words) - 07:34, 30 July 2020
monads;. pPistillate flowers: ovary 1-locular; floral-tube long, styles 1, not 2-fid. Fruits linear, cylindric, smooth or with simple spiny processes, indehiscent
7 KB (466 words) - 00:52, 30 July 2020
isodiametric, 6–24 µm, papillose only over lumina, papillae 1–4 per cell, conic or 2-fid; marginal cells gradually shorter than basal. Sexual condition gonioautoicous
24 KB (641 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
usually acuminate; ecostate or costa single, double, or 2-fid, short or to mid leaf; alar cells not or weakly differentiated; medial laminal cells quadrate
6 KB (205 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
appendages absent, blade apex entire, erose, or 2 (–4) -fid, sometimes emarginate; stamens (1–) 3–5 (–10), in 1 or 2 whorls, usually arising from base of ovary
9 KB (538 words) - 10:03, 30 July 2020
acumen, laterally spurred, tip not 2-fid. Perichaetia with inner leaves 2.5–2.8 mm, awn distinct, strongly denticulate, 1/2 length expanded portion of leaf
4 KB (457 words) - 07:54, 30 July 2020
styles 3, distinct or connate proximally, 2-fid, branches 6 per flower, [2 times 2-fid]. Fruits capsules, not muricate. Seeds globose to ovoid; caruncle
14 KB (666 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
broadly rounded, acute, or acuminate; ecostate to costa percurrent, sometimes 2-fid, occasionally sinuate distally; alar cells shorter than laminal cells, isodiametric
16 KB (613 words) - 07:45, 30 July 2020
short-acuminate > 3 3 Inner perichaetial leaves 2.5-2.8 mm, awns 1/2 length expanded portion of leaf; leaf costae tip not 2-fid; s Florida. Cryphaea filiformis 3 Inner
6 KB (314 words) - 07:54, 30 July 2020
cartilaginous; basal spikelets present in some species. Flowers: styles 3-fid, rarely 2-fid. Achenes colorless, whitish, gray, greenish, stramineous or brown,
6 KB (590 words) - 01:27, 30 July 2020
connate, sometimes distinct distally; stigmas 2, entire or 2-lobed (less than 2 mm). Fruits capsular, (2-valved, obclavate to ovoid or ellipsoid). Seeds:
35 KB (4,327 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
spinose, not hooded; petals 5, white, yellowish white, or occasionally pink or brownish, clawed or not, blade apex entire, erose, emarginate, or rarely 2-fid;
19 KB (1,194 words) - 10:09, 30 July 2020
present in distal axils, but not subtended by opposite or whorled bracts. Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands [0–] (2–) 5, slightly concave, flat
16 KB (581 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
longer than achene, seldom smooth; stamens 2–3; styles undivided or shallowly 2-fid, or deeply cleft into 2 (–3) linear stigmatic branches; style base
38 KB (1,253 words) - 01:40, 30 July 2020
staminode 1, scalelike; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; styles simple or 2-fid; stigma capitate, clavate, linear, 2-lobed, or emarginate. Fruits capsules
12 KB (693 words) - 18:50, 29 July 2020
(1–) 3, distinct or connate basally, usually multifid or laciniate, rarely 2-fid or unbranched, branches threadlike. Fruits capsules, allomorphic fruits achenes
17 KB (923 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
shorter than to 2 times longer than achene, retrorsely (to antrorsely) spinulose or sometimes smooth stamens 1–3; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base (tubercle)
13 KB (1,127 words) - 02:15, 30 July 2020
except sometimes on empty proximal scale, apex clearly emarginate to deeply 2-fid, awned. Flowers: perianth present, segments (members) bristlelike and spinulose
4 KB (457 words) - 01:57, 30 July 2020
mutabilis), 6–16, rarely minute or absent (H. denudatus), distinct, undivided, 2-fid or appendaged (H. acetosella, H. aculeatus, H. furcellatus, H. radiatus)
20 KB (1,253 words) - 11:27, 30 July 2020
asymmetric; annulus 2–4-seriate; operculum conic or rostrate from convex-conic base; endostome segments not perforate, cilia in groups of 2–4. North America
9 KB (590 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
or procumbent, simple, 2-fid, or with subfloral whorl of branches; pentagonal in cross-section, hyalodermis present, epidermis not prorulose; ± tomentose
12 KB (605 words) - 07:34, 30 July 2020
styles 3 (–4), distinct or connate to 1/2 length, 2-fid [rarely unbranched]. Fruits capsules or drupes. Seeds 2 per locule, rounded-trigonous; seed-coat
16 KB (864 words) - 18:14, 29 July 2020
subtending flower or proximal 1–2 empty. Flowers bisexual; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles flattened or subterete, 2–3-fid, base enlarged, deciduous. Achenes
13 KB (547 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
triangular, reddish-brown or brown, cleft into 2–3 filiform, terete prongs in the distal half, occasionally 2-fid nearly to the base. Calyptra 4–5-lobed at
13 KB (864 words) - 06:51, 30 July 2020
transversely elliptical along margins, 6–12 (–18) µm wide, papillae usually 2-fid, crowded, 2–6 per lumen, occasionally single and multiplex and covering the lumens
16 KB (1,136 words) - 07:01, 30 July 2020
or obtuse, not hooded; petals (4–) 5 or sometimes absent, white (purple-tinged in C. pumilum and C. regelii), clawed, blade apex 2-fid 1/5–1/2 of length
21 KB (1,044 words) - 10:15, 30 July 2020
sometimes smooth, usually papillose only over lumina, papillae 1 (or 2) per cell, conic, 2-fid, or clavate; marginal cells abruptly shorter than basal. Sexual
11 KB (710 words) - 07:33, 30 July 2020
or obtuse; costa single, ending just before apex, or branched to 2-fid and ending 1/2–9/10 leaf length; alar cells differentiated, rectangular to long-rectangular
9 KB (599 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
Involucre ± actinomorphic, not spurred; glands 4–5 (2–3 in E. oblongata), flat or slightly convex; appendages absent or hornlike, 2, slender with attenuate
19 KB (827 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
[yellow, yellowbrown, orange, or 2-colored]; nectary extrastaminal, annular and 5-lobed or of 5 glands; stamens [6–] 8 or 10 in 1–2 whorls, distinct or connate
14 KB (637 words) - 18:28, 29 July 2020
or oblong, undivided, 2-fid, or divided, 2–8 (–12) mm, not involucrelike, distal entire to 2-fid, stipulelike, proximalmost not involucrelike, divided
12 KB (722 words) - 11:33, 30 July 2020
absent, white (sometimes translucent in S. borealis), not clawed, blade apex 2-fid usually for 2/3–4/5 its length (S. holostea occasionally laciniate);
21 KB (985 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
single, double, 2-fid, or rarely ecostate, strong to weak, short to percurrent, not sinuate, sometimes somewhat obscure distally; alar cells not well differentiated
11 KB (602 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
serrate in distal 2/3; apex acute to acuminate; costa single, double, or rarely triple, sometimes 2-fid, 1/3–3/4 leaf length; alar cells not differentiated;
7 KB (419 words) - 07:44, 30 July 2020
quadrate, usually 1: 1, 1-stratose; papillae hollow or solid, multiplex to 2-fid, 2–3 per lumen, occasionally simple or absent, cell-walls thin to evenly thickened
15 KB (931 words) - 07:03, 30 July 2020
recognized, though there is not universal acceptance of all of them, and in some cases their ordinal associations are not yet settled. For the genera of
29 KB (1,493 words) - 05:37, 30 July 2020
styles 1–2 (–3), distinct or often connate proximally 1/10–9/10 of length, subcapitate to filiform, 0.07–3.2 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 2 (–3), subterminal
21 KB (1,113 words) - 10:32, 30 July 2020
entirely in D. australasiae, D. revolutus and D. umbrosus, guide cells 2–6 in 1 (–2) layers, hydroid strand occasionally present, abaxial stereid band weak
28 KB (1,343 words) - 07:04, 30 July 2020
papillose distally; endostome basal membrane present, segments sometimes 2-fid or fragmentary, keeled, cilia rudimentary. Calyptra naked. Spores spheric
9 KB (555 words) - 07:53, 30 July 2020
laminal cells and ending before mid leaf, sometimes discreetly, asymmetrically 2-fid at end, abaxial costa cells smooth or papillose; laminal cells hexagonal
12 KB (612 words) - 07:56, 30 July 2020
cm, erect, 2-fid, lacking subfloral whorl of branches; rounded in cross-section, hyalodermis present, indistinct to distinct, epidermis not prorulose;
10 KB (578 words) - 07:34, 30 July 2020
floral scales ca. 4–12 per spikelet, spiraled, 2.5–6 mm, with 1 vein, membranous. Styles 3-fid, or 3-fid and 2-fid. Achenes trigonous, or trigonous and biconvex
10 KB (927 words) - 01:30, 30 July 2020
-carpellate; styles 3 (–4), distinct, usually 2-fid to 1/2 length, very rarely 2-fid to base. Fruits capsules. Seeds 2 per locule, rounded-trigonous; seed-coat
8 KB (378 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
retrorsely spinulose; stamens 3; styles linear, 2–3-fid, base persistent. Achenes biconvex to trigonous, 2.3–5.5 mm, smooth. Nearly worldwide Species 6–15
13 KB (1,146 words) - 01:51, 30 July 2020
perennial, cespitose or not, rhizomatous or not. Culms solitary or not, ± trigonous. Leaves basal and cauline or all cauline; sheaths not fibrous; ligules present
17 KB (757 words) - 01:31, 30 July 2020
obscure, close, longitudinal veins, papery to cartilaginous. Styles 3-fid, or 3-fid and 2-fid. Achenes biconvex, sometimes compressed trigonous, sometimes distally
9 KB (638 words) - 01:30, 30 July 2020
empty or subtending 1–2 stamens, often abortive. Flowers bisexual or staminate; perianth absent; stamens 1–3; styles linear, 2-fid, base persistent. Achenes
6 KB (352 words) - 01:39, 30 July 2020
acute to acuminate; costa single, short, usually 2-fid or double to mid leaf, broad basally; alar cells not differentiated; laminal cells quadrate to rhomboidal
5 KB (268 words) - 07:46, 30 July 2020
retrorsely spinulose to appressed-spinulose; anthers 0.5–0.7 mm; styles 2-fid or 2-fid and 3-fid. Achenes brown, turning blackish, thickly biconvex, sometimes planoconvex
10 KB (1,059 words) - 02:07, 30 July 2020
hairy; styles distinct, occasionally appearing connate at base, unbranched or 2-fid. Seeds: caruncle present or absent. x = 7. North America, Mexico, West Indies
13 KB (653 words) - 18:23, 29 July 2020
rhomboidal, distal laminal cells ca. 15–19 µm wide, 1: 1–2, papillae mostly hollow, simple or 2-fid, 4–6 per lumen, occasionally on conic salients, cell-walls
26 KB (1,447 words) - 07:08, 30 July 2020
sparsely retrorsely-spreading spinulose; anthers 0.4–0.6 mm; styles 2-fid or 2-fid and 3-fid. Achenes brown, turning blackish, thinly to thickly planoconvex
10 KB (1,013 words) - 02:08, 30 July 2020
ovary glabrous, subtended by calyxlike structure; styles connate 1/8–1/2 length, 2-fid apically. Seeds: caruncle absent. se United States, South America Species
8 KB (532 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
rhomboidal, small to somewhat enlarged, 11–15 µm wide, 1–2: 1, 1-stratose; papillae usually simple (seldom 2-fid), hollow, 1–6 per lumen, occasionally branching
13 KB (810 words) - 07:12, 30 July 2020
distinct; staminodes absent; ovary 1-locular; styles 2, filiform, 2–9 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 2, linear along adaxial surface of styles, papillate
12 KB (718 words) - 10:23, 30 July 2020
styles 3, 1–2.5 mm, deeply 2-fid, terminal segments 6. Capsules 3.5–6 × 4–5 mm, smooth; columella 3-angled. Seeds 3–4 × 2–2.5 mm, shiny. 2n = 16. Generated
10 KB (534 words) - 18:31, 29 July 2020
tissue; styles spreading, 0.3–0.4 mm, 2-fid 1/2 to nearly entire length. Capsules broadly deltoid, 1.2–1.5 × 2–2.2 mm, glabrous or hairy; columella 0.9–1
10 KB (665 words) - 18:26, 29 July 2020
dilated their entire length, conate into a nectariferous tube with erect, 2-fid apical filament appendages forming a crown between anthers; anthers basifixed
6 KB (357 words) - 06:02, 30 July 2020
length, sometimes unevenly 2-fid distally; laminal cells smooth or mammillose abaxially by projecting distal ends, walls firm; proximal cells oblate to quadrate
9 KB (292 words) - 07:50, 30 July 2020
distinct or briefly connate proximally; styles 3, occasionally 2, connate proximally for 1/2 of length, rarely to nearly distinct (D. cordata), filiform,
13 KB (701 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
absent, ovary inferior, usually 2–3 times length of perianth, style 3-branched, branches 2-fid; pedicel, when present, not articulate. Fruits capsular, 3-winged
11 KB (804 words) - 05:18, 30 July 2020
equaling achene; stamens unknown [absent from specimens]; styles 3-fid or some 2-fid. Achenes not persistent, dark yellow or medium brown, obovoid to obpyriform
10 KB (885 words) - 01:23, 30 July 2020
cross-section, 0.8–1.2 × 0.5–0.8 mm, with (2–) 3 (–5) deep transverse ridges. 2n = 28. Generated Map Legacy Map N.Mex., Tex., n Mexico Varieties 2 (2 in the flora)
9 KB (578 words) - 18:21, 29 July 2020
stout; floral bract usually tawny, sometimes greenish, apex entire, erose, 2-fid, or irregularly toothed; pistillate bract deciduous (persistent in S. floridana
15 KB (947 words) - 12:03, 30 July 2020
styles 0.3–0.4 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. Capsules broadly ovoid to oblate, cocci not elongated nor terminating in empty portion, 1.4–1.9 × 1.5–2, glabrous, pilose
10 KB (777 words) - 18:22, 29 July 2020
distinguished by its stellate hairs, 2(–3)-locular ovary, fleshy indehiscent fruit, and 17–32 stamens (versus simple or 2-fid hairs, 3–5-locular ovary, dehiscent
9 KB (552 words) - 18:33, 29 July 2020
same number of briefly 2-fid valves characterizes Myosoton and is not known in Stellaria. Most chromosome counts of M. aquaticum are 2n = 28, a very rare number
8 KB (496 words) - 10:17, 30 July 2020
apiculate; costa ending well below apex (to about 7/8 leaf length and often 2-fid distally), subpercurrent, or percurrent, distal abaxial surface smooth; medial
12 KB (627 words) - 07:41, 30 July 2020
cuspidate, or ± truncate, occasionally 2-fid or 3-fid; petiole 0.1–6.9 (–15.2) cm; blade ovate to deltate, 1.2–7.7 × 0.8–7.8 cm, base cordate to truncate
9 KB (670 words) - 11:17, 30 July 2020
retrorsely spinulose; stamens 3; anthers yellow to orangebrown, 0.7–2 mm; styles 3-fid or some 2-fid. Achenes falling with scales or some persistent, yellowbrown
12 KB (1,007 words) - 01:27, 30 July 2020
cylindric, 2-fid tooth [ridge]; stamens 4, basally adnate to corolla, didynamous, filaments glandular-hairy [glabrous]; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation
6 KB (307 words) - 19:25, 29 July 2020