Adonis aestivalis

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1: 771. 1762.

Common names: Summer adonis
IllustratedIntroduced
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.

Herbs, annual, taprooted. Stem 1, 20-50 (-100) cm. Leaves: basal leaves 3-5 cm, similar to cauline, petiolate; cauline leaves sessile or subsessile. Leaf-blade 2-3-pinnatifid. Flowers 1.5-3.5 cm diam.; sepals appressed to petals, broadly obovate, ±erose in distal 1/3, minutely ciliate, otherwise glabrous; petals 6-8, ± erect, orange [yellow, scarlet, or bright red-purple], usually with dark purple basal blotch, ± plane, 10-17 mm, ca. 1.5 times length of calyx, apex slightly erose; stamens ca. 30; anthers purple-black (olive green with age); pistils 30-40. Heads of achenes cylindric, 20-30 × 7-10mm; pedicels conspicuously exserted well beyond leaves; achenes 4-6mm, glabrous, adaxial margin with low, rounded tooth, transverse flange around middle (most pronounced abaxially), abaxial keel bearing small obtuse tooth at junction with flange; beak straight, erect, 1.5-2 mm.


Phenology: Flowering spring–summer (May–Jul).
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, sagebrush scrub, and open pine or aspen forests in valleys and foothills
Elevation: 1200-2400 m

Distribution

V3 704-distribution-map.gif

Introduced; Calif., Idaho, Mont., Oreg., Utah, native to Eurasia

Discussion

I have not seen specimens from Washington and Wyoming; Adonis aestivalis is documented from Idaho immediately across the border from those states.

Except for details of the achenes and the subtle differences in orientation of sepals and petals, Adonis aestivalis is much like A. annua. Adonis aestivalis has been divided into three variable subspecies, although only two [Adonis aestivalis subsp. aestivalis and subsp. parviflora (de Candolle) N. Busch] seem to be well delimited morphologically and geographically in Eurasia (C. C. Heyn and B. Pazy 1989). North American material is not readily assigned to either subspecies.

Petal color has been variously reported; in the flora only orange with a dark basal blotch is confirmed.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Adonis aestivalis"
purple-black +
Bruce D. Parfitt +
Linnaeus +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
cuneate +, truncate +  and cordate +
straight +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
globose;cylindric +
subsessile;sessile +
Summer adonis +
Calif. +, Idaho +, Mont. +, Oreg. +, Utah +  and native to Eurasia +
1200-2400 m +
sessile +  and pedicellate +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
showy +  and inconspicuous +
sessile +  and aggregate +
Roadsides, fields, sagebrush scrub, and open pine or aspen forests in valleys and foothills +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
cylindric +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
axillary +  and terminal +
2-3-pinnatifid +
compound +  and simple +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
cauline +  and basal +
palmate +  and pinnate +
with occasional tooth +  and entire +
incised;toothed;incised;toothed;entire +
distinct +
1.5 times length of calyx +
conspicuous +
reduced +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br />) +
Flowering spring–summer (May–Jul). +
30 +  and 40 +
Sp. Pl. ed. +
not arillate +  and stalked +
green;colorless +
not persistent +
distinct +
3 +  and 6 +
obovate +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br />) +
Illustrated +  and Introduced +
50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
persistent +
Adonis aestivalis +
species +
obtuse;rounded +
herbaceous +  and woody +