familyRanunculaceae
genusAnemone
speciesAnemone caroliniana

Anemone caroliniana

Walter

Fl. Carol., 157. 1788.

Bryan E. Dutton, Carl S. Keener, Bruce A. Ford
Common names: Carolina anemone
Endemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.

Aerial shoots 5-35 (-60) cm, from tubers with rhizomes near apex, tubers ascending or vertical, rhizomes horizontal or ascending. Basal leaves 1-3 (-5), 1-2-ternate; petiole 3-9 (-10) cm; terminal leaflet petiolulate, rarely sessile, obtriangular, 2-3-cleft, 1-3 × 0.8-2 (-2.5) cm, base narrowly attenuate to strongly and narrowly cuneate, margins serrate, rarely dissected on distal 2/3, apex obtuse to broadly acute, surfaces glabrous; lateral leaflets ±pinnately 1-2 (-3) ×-lobed or parted; ultimate lobes 2-10 mm wide. Inflorescences 1-flowered; peduncle proximally glabrous, distally villous; involucral-bracts 3, borne below middle of scape at anthesis, 1-tiered, simple, ±similar to basal leaves, obtriangular, 3-cleft, 1-2.5 cm, bases somewhat clasping, connate, margins incised on distal 1/2, apex acuminate, surfaces sparsely pilose; segments 3, broadly linear; lateral segments 1-2×-lobed or parted; ultimate lobes 1-2.5 mm wide. Flowers: sepals 10-20 (-30), white to rose or blue to purple, linear to oblong, (6-) 10-20 (-22) × 2-5 (-7) mm, abaxially sparsely hairy, adaxially glabrous or nearly so; stamens 50-60. Heads of achenes fusiform; pedicel (5-) 10-20 cm. Achenes: body ovoid, 1.5-2.5 (-3) × ca. 2 mm, not winged, densely woolly; beak straight, 1.3-2 mm, projecting beyond achene indument, proximally tomentose, not plumose. 2n=16.


Phenology: Flowering winter–spring (Feb–Apr).
Habitat: Dry prairies, barrens, pastures, meadows, rocky, open woods
Elevation: 60-700m

Distribution

V3 442-distribution-map.gif

Ala., Ark., Ga., Ill., Iowa, Kans., La., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., Okla., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Wis.

Discussion

Anemone caroliniana was recorded from Indiana (Vigo County); it has since been extirpated.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"woolly" is not a number.

... more about "Anemone caroliniana"
RDF feed
2n chromosome quantity
16 +
Anther dehiscence
dehiscing +
Apex shape
acuminate +, obtuse +  and broadly acute +
Author
Bryan E. Dutton +, Carl S. Keener +  and Bruce A. Ford +
Authority
Walter +
Basal leaf architecture
1-2-ternate +
Basal leaf atypical quantity
3 (5) +
Basal leaf quantity
1;3 +
Base architecture or fixation
clasping +
Base fusion
connate +
Base shape
cuneate +  and attenuate +
Beak atypical some measurement
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
Beak course
straight +
Beak orientation
projecting +
Beak position or structure subtype
terminal +
Beak presence
absent +
Beak prominence
rudimentary +
Beak pubescence
tomentose +
Beak shape
not plumose +
Beak some measurement
0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Body architecture
not winged +
Body atypical length
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Body length
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Body shape
ovoid +
Body width
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
Bracteole architecture
sepaloid +
Bracteole presence
absent +
Capsule arrangement
aggregated +
Capsule shape
globose;cylindric +
Common name
Carolina anemone +
Cyme architecture
2-9-flowered +
Distribution
Ala. +, Ark. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, La. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, Okla. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +  and Wis. +
Elevation
60-700m +
Embryo size
small +
Endosperm quantity
abundant +
Filament shape
filiform +
Filament width
broadened +
Flower architecture
sessile +  and pedicellate +
Flower architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Flower architecture or shape
symmetric +
Flower prominence
showy +  and inconspicuous +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Flower some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
Fruit atypical quantity
20 (27) +
Fruit quantity
4;20 +
Fruits achene architecture
stalked +, sessile +  and aggregate +
Fruits achene shape
ovoid;obovoid +
Habitat
Dry prairies, barrens, pastures, meadows, rocky, open woods +
Head shape
fusiform +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
John Myers +
Inflorescence architecture
1-flowered +
Inflorescence flower quantity
single +
Inflorescence position
axillary +  and terminal +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Involucral-bract architecture
simple +
Involucral-bract architecture or shape
3-cleft +
Involucral-bract arrangement
1-tiered +
Involucral-bract atypical quantity
7 (9) +
Involucral-bract quantity
3 +
Involucral-bract shape
Obtriangular (?) +
Involucral-bract some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
Involucre presence
absent +
Lateral leaflet shape
Parted (?) +  and 1-2(-3)×-lobed (?) +
Lateral segment shape
parted +  and 1-2×-lobed +
Leaf-blade architecture
compound +
Leaf-blade architecture or shape
undivided +
Leaf-blade shape
parted or undivided reniform +  and obtriangular or lanceolate +
Leaf architecture
petiolate +, compound +  and simple +
Leaf arrangement
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
Leaf position
basal +
Margin architecture
palmate +  and pinnate +
Margin architecture or shape
serrate +
Margin shape
incised;dissected +
Nectary presence
absent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Ovule quantity
1 +
Pedicel atypical some measurement
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
Pedicel some measurement
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
Peduncle pubescence
villous +  and glabrous +
Perianth position
hypogynous +
Petal fusion
distinct +
Petal presence
absent +
Petal prominence
conspicuous +
Petal quantity
0;26 +
Petal shape
obovate +  and elliptic +
Petal size
reduced +
Petal some measurement
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Petiole architecture or shape
sheathing +
Petiole atypical some measurement
9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
Petiole presence
absent +
Petiole some measurement
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
Phenology
Flowering winter–spring (Feb–Apr). +
Pistil architecture
simple +
Pistil quantity
many +
Publication title
Fl. Carol., +
Publication year
1788 +
Reference
None +
Rhizome orientation
ascending +  and horizontal +
Seed architecture
not arillate +  and stalked +
Seed quantity
1;many +
Segment arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Segment quantity
3 (?) +
Sepal architecture
petaloid +
Sepal architecture or shape
spurred +
Sepal arrangement
imbricate +
Sepal atypical length
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br />) +
Sepal atypical quantity
20 (30) +
Sepal atypical width
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Sepal coloration
white;rose or blue +
Sepal duration
not persistent +
Sepal fusion
distinct +
Sepal length
? (?) +
Sepal pubescence
nearly +, glabrous +  and hairy +
Sepal quantity
10 +  and 20 +
Sepal shape
linear +  and oblong +
Sepal some measurement
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Sepal width
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Shoot atypical some measurement
35 cm350 mm <br />0.35 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
Shoot location
aerial +
Shoot some measurement
5cm;35cm +
Side architecture
not veined +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V3/V3 442.xml +
Special status
Endemic +
Stamen fusion
distinct +
Stamen quantity
50;60 +
Staminode presence
absent +
Stem architecture
unarmed +
Stipule presence
absent +
Style duration
persistent +
Style presence
absent +
Surface pubescence
pilose;glabrous +
Synonyms
Anemonastrum +, Anemonidium +, Anemonoides +, Hepatica +, Jurtsevia +  and Pulsatilla +
Taxon family
Ranunculaceae +
Taxon name
Anemone caroliniana +
Taxon parent
Anemone +
Taxon rank
species +
Terminal leaflet architecture
sessile;petiolulate +
Terminal leaflet architecture or shape
2-3-cleft +
Terminal leaflet atypical width
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
Terminal leaflet length
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Terminal leaflet shape
obtriangular +
Terminal leaflet width
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Tuber orientation
Vertical (Ascending) +
Ultimate lobe width
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Umbel architecture
2-9-flowered +
Volume
Volume 3 +
Whole organism architecture
rhizomatous +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
herb +
Whole organism position
low +
Whole organism texture
herbaceous +  and woody +
X chromosome quantity
8 +  and 7 +