familyCyperaceae
genusBolboschoenus
speciesBolboschoenus maritimus
subspeciesBolboschoenus maritimus subsp. maritimus

Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. maritimus

S. Galen Smith
Illustrated
Synonyms: Scirpus fernaldii E. P. Bicknell Scirpus maritimus var. fernaldii (E. P. Bicknell) Beetle
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 41. Mentioned on page 40.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator:

Copyright:

Scales dark to medium brown. Styles all or mostly 3-fid. Achenes dark to medium brown, obtusely compressed trigonous with broadly rounded abaxial angle or some biconvex in same spikelet.


Phenology: Fruiting summer.
Habitat: Brackish to saline coastal shores and marshes
Elevation: 0 m

Distribution

V23 56-distribution-map.jpg

N.B., P.E.I., Que., Maine, Europe, s Africa

Discussion

It is possible that the plants here placed in Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. maritimus were introduced from Europe or were produced in North America by introgression from B. robustus or B. novae-angliae. Some specimens from the northern Atlantic coast are intermediate between B. maritimus subsp. maritimus and subsp. paludosus in having many bifid styles and only a few trigonous achenes. Collections from an abandoned oil-well site in southern Ontario (Lambton County) probably represent introductions from Europe. They have very slender leaves and culms, trifid styles, and narrowly cylindric spikelets. Although these specimens resemble some plants of B. maritimus in the broad sense from southern Europe, as well as B. glaucus × B. maritimus hybrids, they cannot be definitely identified because they lack achenes.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. maritimus"
RDF feed
Abaxial angle shape
rounded +
Achene architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Achene coloration
dark +  and medium brown +
Achene duration
persistent +
Achene habitat
much less than water +
Achene length
0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br /> (0.41 cm4.1 mm <br />0.0041 m <br />) +
Achene quantity
1 (Few) +
Achene shape
trigonous;compressed +
Achene size
medium +
Achene some measurement
2.3mm;5.5mm +
Achene width
1.9mm;2.8mm +
Anther coloration
orange;yellow +
Anther fixation
basifixed +
Anther some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Apex depth
deep +
Apex shape
rounded;nearly truncate +
Apex some measurement
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Area architecture
veinless +
Area shape
triangular +
Author
S. Galen Smith +
Authority
(Linnaeus) Palla in W. D. J. Koch et al. +
Awn length
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Awn size
slender +
Awn width
0.25 +
Base duration
persistent +
Base shape
usually cuneate +  and rounded +
Basionyms
Scirpus maritimus +
Beak some measurement
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
Blade presence
absent +
Blade shape
trigonous +, keeled +, v--shaped +  and flat +
Bract architecture
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
Bract arrangement
2-ranked +  and arranged +
Bract orientation
ascending +  and appressed +
Bract quantity
1;many +
Branch atypical quantity
3 (4) +
Branch quantity
2;3 +
Bristle atypical quantity
6;30 +
Bristle quantity
3;6 +
Cauline leaf architecture or shape
folded +
Cauline leaf arrangement
parallel +  and divergent +
Cauline leaf arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Cauline leaf orientation
Ascending (?) +
Cauline leaf prominence or shape
flat +
Cauline leaf shape
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
Cell size
enlarged +
Cell width
3 times deeper than wide +
Culm architecture
cormose +
Culm architecture or arrangement or growth form
not +  and solitary +
Culm atypical width
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Culm length
50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br /> (150 cm1,500 mm <br />1.5 m <br />) +
Culm shape
trigonous +
Culm width
3mm;8mm +
Distal scale architecture
empty +
Distribution
N.B. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Maine +, Europe +  and s Africa +
Elevation
0 m +
Embryo position
basal +
Endosperm quantity
abundant +
Exocarp cell prominence
visible +
Exocarp cell thickness
2 times as thick as mesocarp +
Flower position
hypogynous +  and subtending +
Flower quantity
single +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Front texture
membranous +
Fruits achene shape
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Habitat
Brackish to saline coastal shores and marshes +
Illustration
Present +
Inflorescence architecture
branched +
Inflorescence architecture or shape
capitate +
Inflorescence arrangement
subcorymbose +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Inflorescence quantity
not /2 +  and not 1 +
Inflorescences panicle architecture
pseudoumbel +
Inflorescences panicle development
modified +
Involucral-bract orientation
spreading +
Involucral-bract quantity
1;4 +
Leaf arrangement
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
Leaf position
cauline +  and basal +
Ligule presence
absent +
Locule quantity
1 +
Margin fusion
fused +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Perianth architecture or shape
spinulose +
Perianth bristle duration
not persistent +
Perianth course
curved +  and straight +
Perianth length or size
slightly longer +
Perianth life cycle
falling +
Perianth presence
absent +
Perianth quantity
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Perianth size or length
shorter to slightly +
Pericarp width
thin +
Phenology
Fruiting summer. +
Pistil architecture
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
Pistil fusion
fused +
Pistil quantity
1 +
Prophyll architecture
pistillate +
Prophyll atypical quantity
0 (3) +
Prophyll position
subtending +
Prophyll quantity
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
Proximal inflorescence architecture or shape
leaflike +
Proximal inflorescence orientation
erect +
Publication title
in W. D. J. Koch et al., Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl. ed. +
Publication year
1905 +
Ray quantity
1 +  and 4 +
Reference
None +
Root derivation
adventitious +
Root texture
fibrous +
Scale architecture
empty +
Scale arrangement
imbricate +
Scale atypical quantity
6 (30) +
Scale coloration
dark +  and medium brown +
Scale coloration or reflectance
translucent +
Scale length
5mm (8mm) +
Scale position
basal +  and proximal +
Scale pubescence
glabrescent;puberulent +
Scale quantity
25 +
Scale reproduction
fertile +
Scale shape
2-keeled +
Scale texture
membranous +
Scale width
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Seed quantity
1 +
Sheath position relational
reaching +
Sheath shape
tubular +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V23/V23 56.xml +
Special status
Illustrated +
Spike quantity
single +
Spikelet architecture
sessile +
Spikelet architecture or arrangement or growth form
in clusters +  and solitary +
Spikelet atypical quantity
1 (2) +
Spikelet atypical width
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Spikelet diameter
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Spikelet length
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Spikelet quantity
2 +  and 40 +
Spikelet shape
biconvex +
Spikelet width
7mm;10mm +
Stamen atypical quantity
1 (3) +
Stamen fusion
distinct +
Stamen quantity
3 +
Stem architecture
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
Stem shape
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
Stigma relief
papillate +
Style architecture or shape
undivided +
Style arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Style shape
3-fid +
Surface reflectance
glossy +
Synonyms
Scirpus fernaldii +  and Scirpus maritimus var. fernaldii +
Taxon family
Cyperaceae +
Taxon name
Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. maritimus +
Taxon parent
Bolboschoenus maritimus +
Taxon rank
subspecies +
Testa fusion
free +
Testa width
thin +
Tip architecture or shape
awned +
Tip shape
notched +
Vein orientation
diverging +
Vein position
proximal +
Volume
Volume 23 +
Whole organism architecture
rhizomatous +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
herb +, not +  and cespitose +
Widest blade width
2mm +  and 12mm +
Widest bract width
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
X chromosome quantity
5;100 +