Carex annectens

(E. P. Bicknell) E. P. Bicknell

Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 492. 1908.

Common names: Carex à gaine tronguée
IllustratedEndemic
Basionym: Carex xanthocarpa var. annectens E. P. Bicknell Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23: 23. 1896 Carex bicknellii Dewey 1910
Synonyms: Carex annectens var. ambigua (Barratt ex Boott) Gleason Carex annectens var. xanthcarpa (Kükenthal) Wiegand Carex brachyglossa Carex setacea var. ambigua (Barratt ex Boott) Fernald
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Mentioned on page 284.

Culms to 75 cm × 2 mm, scabrous. Leaves: sheath fronts indistinctly spotted pale-brown or red, apex convex, membranous, rugose; ligule rounded, to 3 mm, free limb to 0.2 mm; blades 60 cm × 5 mm, shorter than flowering-stem. Inflorescences spicate, 4–7 cm × 15 mm, with 10–15 branches, proximal usually distinct; proximal internodes to 1.5 cm; bracts setaceous, proximal 1–3 conspicuous, distal bracts scalelike. Scales hyaline, redbrown with narrow colorless margins, awn to 1.5 mm. Perigynia golden brown, 3-veined abaxially, body broadly elliptic to ovate, 2.2–3 × 1.5–2.2 mm, base rounded; beak 0.5–1.2 mm, 1/3 length of body. Achenes redbrown, circular, 1.2–1.5 × 1–1.2 mm, glossy.


Phenology: Fruiting Jul–Aug.
Habitat: Dry to moist, often calcareous soils in open habitats, mesic to wet meadows
Elevation: 0–1500 m

Distribution

V23 484-distribution-map.jpg

Ont., Que., Ark., Conn., Del., D.C., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

Carex annectens is similar in appearance to C. vulpinoidea, but can readily be distinguished by the flowering stems longer than the leaves and the orange-yellow perigynia that are usually ovate to suborbicular and short-beaked. Furthermore, that species is ecologically distinct and grows in open, dry to moist soils; C. vulpinoidea prefers wetter soils. It may be closely related to C. triangularis, which differs in having wider perigynia with red crystalline inclusions. Some authors recognize two taxa within the species (C. annectens var. annectans and var. xanthocarpa), distinguished by differences in perigynium color, inflorescence compactness, and pistillate scale awn length. All those characters appear to vary independently and within the same plant. Further detailed study may clarify patterns of biological variation within the taxon.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Carex annectens"
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
biconvex +
smaller +
1mm;1.2mm +
membranous +
Lisa A. Standley +
(E. P. Bicknell) E. P. Bicknell +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
rounded +
Carex xanthocarpa var. annectens +  and Carex bicknellii +
bidentate +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br /> (?) +
v--shaped +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +
0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
broadly elliptic +  and ovate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br />) +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
setaceous +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
Carex à gaine tronguée +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (75 cm750 mm <br />0.75 m <br />) +
round +  and trigonous +
Ont. +, Que. +, Ark. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
0–1500 m +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Dry to moist, often calcareous soils in open habitats, mesic to wet meadows +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (?) +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
basal +  and cauline +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
spreading +  and ascending +
Fruiting Jul–Aug. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Bull. Torrey Bot. Club +
adventitious +
redbrown +  and hyaline +
basal +  and proximal +
2-keeled +
cylindric +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
sessile +  and pistillate +
1 +  and 3 +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
deciduous +
2-3(-4)-fid +
Carex annectens var. ambigua +, Carex annectens var. xanthcarpa +, Carex brachyglossa +  and Carex setacea var. ambigua +
Carex annectens +
Carex sect. Multiflorae +
species +
plant +  and cespitose +