Carex caryophyllea
Chlor. Lugd., 27. 1785.
Culms trigonous, angles obtuse, 4–35 cm, scabrous distally. Leaves basal; sheath fronts with apex concave to V-shaped, glabrous; blades 7–25 cm × 1.5–3 mm, shorter than culm. Inflorescences 2–4 cm; proximal bracts to 5 × 1 mm; spikes crowded; lateral spikes 0.5–1.5 cm × 4–5 mm; terminal spikes 1–2 cm × 4 mm. Scales brown with yellowbrown midrib, 3-veined, equaling perigynia, apex acuminate to retuse, with scabrous awn to 2 mm. Anthers 2–3 mm. Perigynia yellowbrown, often redbrown at apex, sides convex, 2.5–2.8 × 1.5 mm, hairs purple-brown (hair-base bulbous); beak redbrown, conic, thickened. Achenes brown, sessile, mitrate, obovoid, 2–2.2 mm. 2n = 58, 62, 64, 66, 68 (Europe, Japan).
Phenology: Fruiting Jun.
Habitat: Dry pastures, graveyards
Elevation: 0–100 m
Distribution
Introduced; D.C., Maine, Mass., Eurasia
Discussion
Carex caryophyllea is widely distributed in Eurasia and was first recorded in North America in 1826. Carex caryophyllea may escape notice because it somewhat resembles C. pensylvanica in size, habit, scale color, perigynia pubescence, and flowering time. Carex caryophyllea is distinguished by awned scales, perigynia with thick conical beaks, mitrate achenes, and enlarged persistent style bases.
Selected References
None.
Lower Taxa
"shortened" is not a number.