Cyperus hermaphroditus

(Jacquin) Standley

Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 18: 88. 1916.

Illustrated
Basionym: Carex hermaphrodita Jacquin Collectanea 4: 174. 1791
Synonyms: Mariscus hermaphroditus (Jacquin) C. B. Clarke Mariscus jacquinii Kunth
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 186. Mentioned on page 148, 149, 185.

Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous. Culms trigonous, (10–) 30–80 (–140) cm × (0.4–) 1–3 (–5) mm, glabrous. Leaves V-shaped or flanged V-shaped, (5–) 15–70 (–90) cm × (2–) 4–10 (–13) mm, glabrous. Inflorescences: spikes 1 (–5), rather densely ovoid or oblong-cylindric, (10–) 25–45 (–62) × 7–22 mm, 11–21 spikelets per 5 mm of rachis; rays (3–) 5–10 (–17), (1–) 5–12 (–24) cm; bracts (2–) 4–8, ascending at 30–45°, V or inversely W-shaped, (2–) 8–40 (–65) cm × (1–) 2–8 mm; rachilla deciduous, wings 0.4–0.5 mm wide. Spikelets (10–) 50–150, oblong to linear, quadrangular, (3–) 4–8 (–18) × (0.8–) 1–1.2 (–1.6) mm; distal spikelet spreading or ascending; floral scales (1–) 3–8, pale greenish white to golden brown, deep brown, or reddish-brown, medially usually green, weakly to strongly 3 (–4) -ribbed laterally, 1–3-ribbed medially, ovate to elliptic, (2–) 2.6–3.2 (–4) × 1.2–2 mm, apex obtuse. Flowers: anthers (0.4–) 0.6–1 mm; styles 0.4–1.6 mm; stigmas 1–1.5 mm. Achenes brown or reddish-brown, sessile or nearly so, ellipsoid, 1.4–1.8 (–2) × 0.6–0.8 (–1) mm, apex acute to obtuse, slightly apiculate, surfaces puncticulate.


Phenology: Fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat: Arroyos
Elevation: 500–1200 m

Distribution

V23 319-distribution-map.jpg

Ariz., Tex., Mexico, West Indies, South America

Discussion

An erroneous report of Cyperus hermaphroditus from Alabama was based on misidentification of C. thyrsiflorus.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Cyperus hermaphroditus"
nearly +  and sessile +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
reddish-brown +  and brown +
0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
ellipsoid +
0.6mm;0.8mm +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
acute;obtuse +
Gordon C. Tucker* +, Brian G. Marcks* +  and J. Richard Carter * +
(Jacquin) Standley +
persistent +  and deciduous +
decurrent +
Carex hermaphrodita +
w--shaped +  and keeled +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br /> (65 cm650 mm <br />0.65 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
w--shaped +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br /> (140 cm1,400 mm <br />1.4 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br />) +
scabridulous +
trigonous +
1mm;3mm +
ascending +  and spreading +
Ariz. +, Tex. +, Mexico +, West Indies +  and South America +
500–1200 m +
1-3-ribbed +  and 3(-4)-ribbed +
0.32 cm3.2 mm <br />0.0032 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
green +, white +  and golden brown deep brown or reddish-brown +
deciduous +  and persistent +
0.26 cm2.6 mm <br />0.0026 m <br /> (0.32 cm3.2 mm <br />0.0032 m <br />) +
ovate +  and elliptic +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Arroyos +
subumbellate +  and capitate +
spreading +  and erect +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
70 cm700 mm <br />0.7 m <br /> (90 cm900 mm <br />0.9 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br />) +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (?) +  and 70 cm700 mm <br />0.7 m <br /> (?) +
v--shaped +  and flanged +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Fruiting summer–fall. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
antrorse +  and extrorse +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. +
continuous +, articulate +, winged +  and wingless +
conspicuous +
12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> (24 cm240 mm <br />0.24 m <br />) +
unequal +
5 +  and 10 +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
adventitious +
basal +  and proximal +
cylindric;compressed +
cylindric +
Illustrated +
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (6.2 cm62 mm <br />0.062 m <br />) +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
oblong-cylindric;ovoid +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
50 +  and 150 +
quadrangular;oblong;linear +
1mm;1.2mm +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
2-3-fid +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br />) +
Mariscus hermaphroditus +  and Mariscus jacquinii +
Cyperus hermaphroditus +
Cyperus subg. Cyperus +
species +
0.4mm +  and 0.5mm +