Cyperus pumilus

Linnaeus

Cent. Pl. II, 6. 1756.

IntroducedIllustrated
Synonyms: Cyperus leucolepis J. Carey ex C. B. Clarke Juncellus leucolepis (J. Carey ex C. B. Clarke) C. B. Clarke Pycreus pumilus (Linnaeus) Domin
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 163. Mentioned on page 142, 162.

Herbs, annual, cespitose. Culms trigonous, 1–35 cm × 0.5–1 mm, glabrous. Leaves flat, 5–20 cm × 1–2 mm. Inflorescences: heads ± digitate, 8–26 mm diam.; rays 1–6, 0.5–5 cm; bracts 3–4, ± horizontal, flat, 3–18 cm × 1–2 mm. Spikelets 6–25, ovoid to linear-lanceoloid, compressed, 4–15 × 1–2 mm; floral scales 8–28 (–40), clear, laterally ribless, ovate, 1.4–1.6 × 0.8 mm, apex awned, awn excurved, 0.3–0.5 mm. Flowers: stamens 1–2; anthers 0.2 mm; styles 0.5 mm; stigmas 0.3 mm. Achenes dark-brown to black, sessile, obovoid, 0.6 × 0.4 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, surfaces minutely punctate.


Phenology: Fruiting spring–summer.
Habitat: Disturbed, sandy soils
Elevation: 0–50 m

Distribution

V23 260-distribution-map.jpg

Introduced; Fla., West Indies (), Asia, Africa (including Madagascar), Indian Ocean Islands, Pacific Islands, Australia

Discussion

Cyperus pumilus is distinctive because it is our only distigmatic Cyperus with awned floral scales.

Cyperus hyalinus Vahl, a southeastern Asian and Australian species, has recently been collected in Miami-Dade County, Florida (Mears s.n., EIU, VSC). This is an aberrant species sometimes placed in the monotypic genus Queenslandiella as Q. hyalina (Vahl) F. Ballard; it differs from C. pumilus in having deciduous rachillae as well as deciduous floral scales.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Cyperus pumilus"
dark-brown +  and black +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (?) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (?) +
apiculate +  and awned +
Gordon C. Tucker* +, Brian G. Marcks* +  and J. Richard Carter * +
Linnaeus +
excurved +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
persistent +  and deciduous +
decurrent +
Undefined subg. Pycreus +
w--shaped +  and keeled +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (35 cm350 mm <br />0.35 m <br />) +
scabridulous +
trigonous +
0.5mm;1mm +
Fla. +, West Indies () +, Asia +, Africa (including Madagascar) +, Indian Ocean Islands +, Pacific Islands +  and Australia +
0–50 m +
0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br /> (0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (?) +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Disturbed, sandy soils +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +
subumbellate +  and capitate +
spreading +  and erect +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +  and 20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (?) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Fruiting spring–summer. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
antrorse +  and extrorse +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
Cent. Pl. II, +
nearly +  and wingless +
unequal +
1 +  and 6 +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
adventitious +
basal +  and proximal +
cylindric;compressed +
cylindric +
Introduced +  and Illustrated +
loosely spicate +  and more or less digitate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
6 +  and 25 +
compressed;ovoid;linear-lanceoloid +
1 +  and 2 +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (?) +
2-3-fid +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +
Cyperus leucolepis +, Juncellus leucolepis +  and Pycreus pumilus +
Cyperus pumilus +
Cyperus subg. Pycreus +
species +
tuberous +, stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
herb +  and cespitose +