Eleocharis erythropoda

Steudel

Syn. Pl. Glumac. 2: 76. 1855.

Common names: Éléocharide à tiges rouges
IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Scirpus glaucus Torrey
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 75. Mentioned on page 64, 65, 72, 73, 76, 79, 84, 87.

Plants perennial, mat-forming; rhizomes evident, long, 0.5–1.5 mm thick, soft to firm, cortex often breaking loose, longer internodes 5–30 mm, scales often fugaceous, 4–8 mm, membranous, not fibrous. Culms terete, often with 8–12 blunt ridges when dry, 8–80 cm × 0.3–1.4 mm, firm to soft, internally spongy. Leaves: distal leaf-sheaths persistent, not splitting, proximally red (to stramineous), distally green to stramineous, usually inflated, often callose, membranous to papery, apex often redbrown, broadly obtuse to subacute, tooth sometimes present, to 0.1 mm. Spikelets ovoid to lanceoloid or nearly cylindric, 3–18 × 2–3 (–4) mm, apex acute (to obtuse); proximal scale amplexicaulous, entire; subproximal scale with flower; floral scales often spreading in fruit, 15–50, 4–5 per mm of rachilla, medium brown to sometimes redbrown, midrib regions mostly stramineous to green, in proximal part of spikelet ovate, apex rounded, in distal part lanceolate, apex entire, acute, 2–3.5 × 1.5–1.7 mm, mostly carinate. Flowers: perianth bristles 4 or absent, light-brown to stramineous, stout, usually equal, equaling achene to slightly exceeding tubercle; stamens 3; anthers dark yellow to stramineous, 1–1.8 mm, apiculate; styles 2-fid. Achenes not persistent, dark yellow, stramineous, or dark-brown, obovoid to obpyriform, biconvex, angles obscure, 0.9–1.6 × 0.7–1.2 mm, apex rounded, neck absent to long, smooth at 30X, or sometimes finely rugulose at 10–30X with 20 or more horizontal ridges in a vertical series. Tubercles brown to whitish, pyramidal, much higher than wide to, lower than wide, 0.35–0.65 × 0.2–0.6 mm. 2n = 16, 18, 19, 20.


Phenology: Fruiting summer.
Habitat: Non-calcareous or calcareous fresh or brackish shores, marshes, meadows, fens, disturbed places
Elevation: 0–2300 m

Distribution

V23 100-distribution-map.jpg

Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., N.W.T., Ont., Que., Sask., Alaska, Ariz., Ark., Colo., Conn., Del., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Maine, Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Mont., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo.

Discussion

Eleocharis erythropoda is extremely variable. Intermediates with E. palustris variant b are common in the region of sympatry in the East, and with E. macrostachya variant b in the West, and E. erythropoda is sometimes difficult to distinguish from E. uniglumis.

Eleocharis calva Torrey is an invalid name.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Eleocharis erythropoda"
20 +, 19 +, 18 +  and 16 +
dark-brown +, stramineous +  and dark yellow +
not persistent +
cancellate or reticulate +  and rugulose +
biconvex;obovoid;obpyriform +
color +  and texture +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br />) +
0.7mm;1.2mm +
dark yellow;stramineous +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
2mm;3.5mm +
rounded;carinate;acute;rounded;acute;broadly obtuse;subacute +
1.5mm;1.7mm +
S. Galen Smith* +, Jeremy J. Bruhl* +, M. Socorro González-Elizondo* +  and Francis J. Menapace* +
Steudel +
flattened +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
persistent +
enlarged +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
Éléocharide à tiges rouges +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
0.3mm;5mm +
distally green +  and stramineous +
Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, N.W.T. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Alaska +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, Maine +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wash. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +  and Wyo. +
0–2300 m +
redbrown +  and brown to sometimes +
membranous +  and thinly papery +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Non-calcareous or calcareous fresh or brackish shores, marshes, meadows, fens, disturbed places +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
flattened +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
rugulose +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Fruiting summer. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
stramineous;medium brown or red brown or blackish brown +
Syn. Pl. Glumac. +
ascending +  and horizontal +
caudex-like +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
8cm;80cm +
spongy;firm;soft +
0.3mm;1.4mm +
adventitious +
fugaceous +
basal +  and proximal +
2-keeled +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
not fibrous +  and membranous +
cylindric +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
ovoid;lanceoloid or nearly cylindric +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
Scirpus glaucus +
Eleocharis erythropoda +
Eleocharis (sect. Eleocharis) ser. Eleocharis +
species +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br />) +
brown;whitish +
0.35mm;0.65mm +
lower +  and much higher than wide to +
pyramidal +
0.2mm +  and 0.6mm +
plant +  and mat-forming +